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Topic 16- Circulatory System Topic 16- Circulatory System

Topic 16- Circulatory System - PowerPoint Presentation

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Topic 16- Circulatory System - PPT Presentation

Day 1 WHAT ARE WE LEARNING TODAY BENCHMARK SC912L1436 Describe the factors affecting blood flow through the cardiovascular system OBJECTIVE Identify and investigate the general functions of the circulatory system ID: 185983

heart blood arteries body blood heart body arteries vessels circulation pulmonary oxygen ventricle left pressure lungs system circulatory pumps

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Slide1

Topic 16- Circulatory System

Day 1Slide2

WHAT ARE WE LEARNING TODAY?

BENCHMARKSC.912.L.14.36: Describe the factors affecting blood flow through the cardiovascular system.

OBJECTIVE

Identify and investigate the general functions of the circulatory system.

Describe the structure of the heart and explain how it pumps blood through the body.Slide3

What is the Heart?

The

heart

is a

muscular organ

that pumps blood throughout the body.

Located near the left-center of your chest.

Hollow and about the size of your clenched fist.Slide4

What is the essential vocabulary?

Atrium

(

aurícula

):

-Upper chamber of the heart

-receives blood from the rest of the body

Ventricle

: (

Ventrículo

): -Lower

chamber of the heart

-

P

umps blood

out of the heart

to the rest of the body

Viscosity

:

Refers to how fluid a liquid is

Pulmonary

(

poumon

or

pulmon

):

Refers to the

lungs

Systemic

(

Systémica

):

Spread throughout the

entire bodySlide5

What are the

Functions of the

Circulatory System

?

Transports

:

oxygen,

carbon dioxide,

food molecules,

hormones,

to and from the cells of the body.

2.

Helps maintain a constant

body temperatur

e

.

3.

Carries cells that help protect the body from disease.Slide6

How does your blood circulate

through the Body?

The heart functions as

two separate pumps

.

The

left side

of heart:

pumps oxygen-rich blood to the

rest of the body

(

systemic circulation

.)

The

right side

of heart:

pumps oxygen-depleted blood

from heart to the lungs (pulmonary circulation.)Slide7

How is the heart divided?

Each half of the heart has an upper and lower chamber.

The

right

atrium

,

receives

deoxygenated blood from the body.

The

right ventricle

pumps blood into the lungs.

The

left

atrium

receives

oxygenated blood from the lungs.

The

left ventricle pumps oxygenated blood to the rest of the body.Slide8

How is the heart divided?

The

ARTERIES

are the vessels that carry blood

away

from the heart

.Systemic arteries

Carry

oxygenated

blood

Pulmonary Arteries carry deoxygenated blood to the lungs.

The

VEINS

bring blood

back

to the heart. systemic veins Carry Deoxygenated blood Pulmonary Veins carry oxygenated blood because they are coming from the lungs.Slide9

What is the Heartbeat?

When you are sitting still, your heart pumps about 5 L of blood each time.

When you are active, your heart pumps up to 35 L.Slide10

Circulation Through the Heart

Oxygen-poor blood flows

into

the heart from the

VENA CAVA

.

Blood first

enters the

right atrium

and is pumped into the

right ventricle

.

From the right ventricle, the blood is pumped through the

pulmonary arteries

.

The pulmonary arteries transport

blood to the lungs

, where it picks up O2 and gets rid off CO2.Slide11

Circulation Through the Heart

The pulmonary veins

transport the newly

oxygenated blood

from the lungs

back to the heart

.

The left atrium receives

oxygen-rich blood

and pump it to the next chamber.

The left ventricle is the final chamber through which blood flows.

The aorta

pumps blood rich in O

2

to both sides of the

body

.Slide12

AORTA

LEFT ATRIUM

RIGHT ATRIUM

VENA CAVA

LEFT VENTRICLE

RIGHT VENTRICLESlide13

Summary of Blood Flow

Oxygen-poor blood from body

 through

Vena Cava

into

RIGHT

Atrium

RIGHT

Atrium

 RIGHT Ventricle

through

Pulmonary arteries

to

Lungs

From

Lungs

 sends oxygenated blood to LEFT Atrium  LEFT VentricleBlood pumped out of heart from

LEFT ventricle

through

Aorta

to the rest of the bodySlide14

What are the Blood Vessels?

As blood flows through the circulatory system, it moves through

3

types of blood vessels

:

Arteries

Capillaries

VeinsSlide15

What are the

arteries

?

Large, tough, and highly elastic

Have thick walls

that help them

withstand the powerful pressure

produced when the heart contracts.

Carry blood

away

from the

heart

to the tissues of the body.

Except for the

pulmonary arteries

,

all arteries

carry oxygen-rich blood

.

The

aorta

is the first of a series of blood vessels that carry the blood on its round trip around the body.Slide16

What are the capillaries vessels?

Walls are one cell thick

.

Smallest

of the blood vessels

.

Most are so narrow that blood

cells must pass

through them in

single file.

Bring nutrients and

oxygen to the tissues

Absorb carbon dioxide and other waste from the tissuesSlide17

What are the veins?

Return blood to the heart

.

As with arteries, the thin

walls of veins contain

connective tissue and

smooth muscle.

Large veins

contain valves

that keep blood moving

toward the heart

.Slide18

Knowledge Check

What are the vessels called that deliver blood to the heart?What are the vessels called that deliver blood to the lungs?Which chamber of the heart receives blood from the body?

Which chamber of the heart delivers blood to the body?Slide19

Factors Affecting Blood FlowSlide20

Bellringer: RAFT exercise (10 minutes)

Write a paragraph using the RAFT technique to describe blood flow through the circulatory systemRole: A RED BLOOD CELL

Audience

: You choose: a “freshman” red blood cell, a Biology student, a middle school student, uneducated adults,

etc

Format

: You choose: a story book, informational letter or news report, song, poem, video, dialogue or play,

etc

Topic

: Your TRAVELS THROUGH THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEMSlide21

Viscosity refers to how thick the blood is

The thicker the blood, the harder the heart must work to pumpThicker = slower flowViscositySlide22

Blood flow and Resistance

Resistance of blood flow is the difficulty of blood to flowAffected byVessel diameter

Plaque build up

Blood clots

High resistance = high blood pressureSlide23

Blood Volume

Blood volume is the amount of blood in the bodyIt is regulated by the kidneysAmount of water and salt excretedSlide24

Coronary Arteries

Vessels that supply the heart (myocardium) with oxygenHeart failure occurs when these arteries are blocked

Heart gets deprived of oxygenSlide25

What is blood

pressure?

When the heart contracts, it produces a wave of fluid pressure in the arteries.

Blood pressure is

the force of

the blood on the

arteries’

walls.

Several factors may affect

blood pressure.

Exercise

Nutrition

Stress

Smoking and Alcohol

GeneticsSlide26

Blood Pressure

Is measured and represented by 2 numbersSystolic Pressure: force in arteries when ventricles CONTRACT

Diastolic Pressure

: force in arteries when ventricles

RELAX

Normal Blood pressure would be 120/80

Systolic/diastolicSlide27

What are

common diseases of the circulatory

s

ystem?

Cardiovascular diseases are diseases of the heart and blood vessels.

Leading cause of death

in the US, claiming about 1,000,000 lives every year.

Cardiovascular diseases

develop

gradually

,

So their symptoms

may

not appear for decades

.Slide28

What are common

diseases of the circulatory

s

ystem?

High blood pressure

, or

hypertension

:

forces the heart to work harder,

may

weaken or damage

the heart muscle and blood vessels.

Can lead to heart attack, stroke, or kidney damage

Arteriosclerosis

- hardening of the arteries.

accumulation of fatty deposits, or

plaqueon the inner lining of the arterial wall.The deposits reduce normal flow of the blood through the artery.

cholesterol.Slide29

HOW DO BLOOD CLOTS FORM?

Blood Clot is called

ThrombusSlide30

How does a Heart Attack happen?

If one of the

coronary arteries

becomes

blocked

, part of the heart muscle may begin to die from a

lack of oxygen

.

If enough muscle is damaged, a condition known as a heart attack occurs.

Symptoms include nausea, shortness of breath, and severe, crushing chest pain.Slide31

What causes a Stroke?

When a

blood clot gets free

and gets stuck in one of the blood vessels leading to the

brain

brain cells served by the particular blood vessel gradually

die from oxygen starvation

brain function in that region may be lost.

A

Stroke

may cause:

paralysis,

loss of the ability to speak

death.Slide32

WHAT IS THE ESSENTIAL QUESTION?

The circulatory system is divided into two separate pathways: pulmonary circulation and systemic circulation. How do they work together and separately to move blood throughout the body?In your answer:

define pulmonary circulation and its function (2 pts.)

define systemic circulation and its function (2 pts.)

explain how do the two systems work together to help in cellular respiration (6 pts.)Slide33

Collaborative Activity:Acting out Scenarios

In your assigned groups, fill out activity sheet for each station4 minutes per stationSlide34

Independent Practice:Apply ScenariosSlide35

WHAT IS THE ESSENTIAL QUESTION?

The circulatory system is divided into two separate pathways: pulmonary circulation and systemic circulation. How do they work together and separately to move blood throughout the body?In your answer:

define pulmonary circulation and its function (2 pts.)

define systemic circulation and its function (2 pts.)

explain how do the two systems work together to help in

cellular respiration (6

pts.)