Marshall Breeding Director for Innovative Technology and Research Vanderbilt University Library Founder and Publisher Library Technology Guides httpwwwlibrarytechnologyorg httptwittercommbreeding ID: 793019
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Slide1
The ILS and Beyond: Introduction and Future Directions
Marshall Breeding
Director for Innovative Technology and ResearchVanderbilt University LibraryFounder and Publisher, Library Technology Guideshttp://www.librarytechnology.org/http://twitter.com/mbreeding
DeVry
January 14, 2011
Slide2AbstractThe shape of library collections and the needs of their users present major challenges for the development of adequate technology support components. Marshall Breeding will present his view of the current state of the art of library management systems, the role of discovery products to improve end-user
experiences.
Slide3AgendaAgenda
What is an ILSWhat are the advantages
Current trends in the marketplaceWhat to look for when selecting an ILSBest of breedQ&A
If time permitsHow can an ILS reduce operating expenses
Can an ILS market a library’s servicesSuccess stories (best demonstrated practices)
Benefits of an ILS to the patron
Slide4What is an ILS and why libraries need them
Slide5DefinitionIntegrated Library System (US)Library Management System (UK / Australia)Business automation for library operationsService delivery for library patrons
Multiple modules that specialize in different sectors of library activityTied together through common databases
Slide6Traditional ILS
Model
Circulation
BIB
Staff Interfaces:
Holding
/ Items
Circ
Transact
User
Vendor
Policies
$$$
Funds
Cataloging
Acquisitions
Serials
Online
Catalog
Public Interfaces
:
Interfaces
Business
Logic
Data
Stores
Slide7ILS ModulesCatalogingResource descriptionMARC bibliographic records, holdings, items
CirculationManages tasks related to lending materialsLoan policies, fines, notices, renewals, holdsAcquisitions
Procurement of new materialsVendor file, fund management, invoice processingSerialsManages periodicals and serialsProcurement, check-in, routing
Slide8ILS front-end: online catalogOPAC = online public access catalogAccess to the collection and services for library patron
Search and display of materialsPatron servicesLogin with barcode / PIN or Username/PasswordView current checkouts
Place holdsPay finesOPACs being displaced by next-gen catalogs or discovery interfaces
Slide9History of the ILSEmerged in the early 1970’sCompanies or products included Geac, CLSI, DataPhase
Cycles of technology:Mainframe > Client/Server > Web-basedLibrary Development > Vendors > Open source
/ Library Development
Slide10History of Library Automation Industry
Slide11ILS companies/products Ex LibrisVoyagerAlephSirsiDynix
SymphonyHorizonThe Library CorporationLibrary.SolutionPolaris Library SystemsPolaris
Innovative InterfacesMillenniumOCLCWeb-scale Management ServicesVTLSVirtuaAuto-Grapics
AGent Verso
Slide12ILS products: small libraryLibrary WorldBiblionixApolloMandarinFollett
DestinyBook SystemsAtriuum
Slide13Open Source ILSKohaEvergreenOPALS
Slide14Advantages of the ILS
Slide15ILS enables operational efficiencyAutomates routine tasks performed by library staffEnables library personnel to focus on most value added activities
Manages and provides access to library collections in ways not possible with manual systems
Slide16ILS StrengthsThe ILS was conceived primarily for managing print resourcesCentral application for managing patrons and providing self-service functions through a Web-based OPACConnects with self-check stations and other peripheral systems
Essential automation for any library with physical assets
Slide17The Shrinking ILS
The Library Management System no longer stands as the single library automation product that provides comprehensive support for all aspects of library operations.
Many libraries putting much less emphasis on LMSManages workflows related to physical materialsInvestments in electronic content increasingManagement of e-content handled outside of the ILS
Slide18…shrinking ILS Yet: libraries need comprehensive business automation more than ever. Mandate for more efficient operations. Do more with less.Proliferation of automation products needed to handle all aspects of libraries can
overwhelm many librariesLibraries lack technical personnel and needed capital to purchase and manage multiple systems
Slide19Breaking out of the moldAcademic and Research libraries especially struggle with how to deal with managing increasing proportions of licensed electronic contentILS geared
toward print materialsNew products aim to manage library resources spanning print and electronic; owned or licensedExamples: Ex Libris Alma, Kuali OLE
Slide20Legacy ILS + e-content modules
Federated
SearchCirculation
Acquisitions
Cataloging
Serials
OpenURL
Linking
Electronic
Resource
Mgmt
System
Staff Interfaces:
End User
Interfaces:
Data Stores:
Functional
modules:
Slide21ILS / Electronic Resource Management
Circulation
BIB
Staff Interfaces:
Holding
/ Items
Circ
Transact
User
Vendor
Policies
$$$
Funds
Cataloging
Acquisitions
Serials
Online
Catalog
Public Interfaces
:
Application Programming Interfaces
`
License
Management
License
Terms
E-resource
Procurement
Vendors
E-Journal
Titles
Protocols:
CORE
Slide22ILS / Electronic Resource Management
Circulation
BIB
Staff Interfaces:
Holding
/ Items
Circ
Transact
User
Vendor
Policies
$$$
Funds
Cataloging
Acquisitions
Serials +
e-resources
Online
Catalog
Public Interfaces
:
Application Programming Interfaces
License
manager
License
Terms
Print +
Electronic
Slide23Industry Trends
Slide24Current state of the industry
Slide25Library Technology Guides
www.librarytechnology.org
Slide26Dynamics of the ILS market
http://www.librarytechnology.org/ils-turnover.pl
Slide27Library Journal Automation MarketplacePublished annually in April 1 issueBased on data provided by each vendor
Focused primarily on North AmericaContext of global library automation market
Slide28Annual Industry report published in Library Journal:2010: New Models, Core Systems2009: Investing in the Future
2008: Opportunity out of turmoil 2007: An industry redefined 2006: Reshuffling the deck
2005: Gradual evolution 2004: Migration down, innovation up 2003: The competition heats up 2002: Capturing the migrating customer LJ Automation Marketplace
Slide29New Models… …no longer an industry where companies compete on the basis of the best or the most features in similar products but one where companies distinguish themselves
through products and services that define different futures for their library customers.
Slide30Core Systems…Although ILS sales no longer completely define the library automation market, new sales and ongoing support of these flagship products continue as the largest and most reliable revenue stream.
Slide31Key Context: Libraries in TransitionShift from Print > ElectronicIncreasing emphasis on subscribed content, especially articles and databasesStrong emphasis on digitizing local collections
Demands for enterprise integration and interoperability
Slide32Key Context: Library Users in TransitionNew generations of library users:Millennial generation Self sufficient – reluctant to seek assistance
Perceive themselves as competent to use information tools without helpWeb savvy / Digital natives
Pervasive Web 2.0 concepts / Inherently collaborative work styles
Slide33Key Context: Technologies in transitionXML / Web services / Service-oriented ArchitectureBeyond
Web 2.0Integration of social computing into core infrastructureLocal computing shifting to cloud platformsSaaS / private cloud / public cloud Full spectrum of devices
full-scale / net book / tablet / mobileMobile the current focus, but is only one example of device and interface cycles
Slide34Dynamics of the Library Automation SceneEvolutionary ILS
Revolutionary ILSOpen source and Proprietary alternatives
http://www.uoguelph.ca/theportico/science/people/
Slide35ILS: a legacy concept?ILS = Integrated Library System (Cataloging + Circulation + OPAC + Serials + Acquisitions)
Focused on print and physical inventoryElectronic content at the Journal Title or collection levelEmerged in the 1960’s – 1970’sFunctionality has evolved and expanded, but basic
concepts, workflows, and modules remain intactNote: Some companies work toward evolving the ILS to competently handle both print and digital content (e.g. Innovative Interfaces)
Slide36Evolutionary pathGradual enhancement of long-standing ILS platformsWrap legacy code in APIs and Web services
SirsiDynixUnicorn (+Horizon functionality) > SymphonyInnovativeINNOVAQ > INNOPAC > Millennium > EncoreCivica
Urica > Spydus(Urica Integrated Systems, Amalgamated Wireless Australia, McDonnell Douglas Information Systems, Sanderson)
Slide37Traditional Proprietary Commercial ILSMillennium, Symphony, PolarisTraditional Open Source ILSEvergreen, KohaClean slate automation framework (SOA, enterprise-ready)
Ex Libris URM, OLE ProjectCloud-based automation system WorldCat Local (+circ, acq, license management)
Competing Models of Library Automation
Slide38Rethinking library automation Fundamental assumption: Print + Digital = Hybrid libraries
Traditional ILS model alone not adequate for hybrid librariesLibraries currently moving toward surrounding core ILS with additional modules to handle electronic contentNew discovery layer interfaces replacing or supplementing ILS OPACS
Working toward a new model of library automationMonolithic legacy architectures replaced by fabric of SOA applicationsComprehensive Resource Management
“It's Time to Break the Mold of the Original ILS” Computers in Libraries Nov/Dec 2007
Slide39Open Source ILS
Slide40CharacteristicsSource code made available when distributedCoordinated development communityCommercial development / support firms
Individual programmers at customer sitesServices-based business modelConversion, installation configurationHostingOngoing support
Slide41Major playersEvergreen: public library consortiaKoha: mid-sized academic and publicOPALS: K-12 schools, other small librariesABCD: libraries and documentation centers in developing countries
Slide42EvergreenOriginally developed by Georgia Public Library System for PINES consortium (262 small public libraries)Service-oriented, consortial designFeature set suited for public library consortia
Missing many features for Academics: serials, acquisitions, reserve, etc
Slide43ImplementationsGeorgia PINESBritish Columbia Sitka consortiumSage Library System (Oregon)South Central Library System (MN with support from
MnPALS)King County Library SystemBibliomation (Connecticut)
Not seen yet outside North America
Slide44KohaOpen source ILSOriginally developed in New ZealandUsed by many libraries in the United States with commercial support
Gaining hold in Latin AmericaSpanish translation available; some local/regional developmentPopular forward migration path from CDS/ISISWorkshops and training availableMARC21-based system with adequate features
Slide45Koha Worldwide
Slide46Open source driversDisruption of products forced through mergers and acquisitionsFrustration with ability to shape the direction of development with vendors of proprietary products
Interest in taking stronger hold of the strategic technologies that impact service delivery and operationsWillingness to support equal or higher cost to regain controlSome libraries expect long-term financial savings
Slide47US: PTFS/LibLime, ByWater Solutions, Equinox, MediaFlexAustralia/NZ: Katipo, CALYX information essentials, Strategic Data, Catalyst
Building supportConcept of open sourcePromotion of specific productsStruggling to meet expectationsSatisfaction lower than many companies offering proprietary products
Some companies offering proprietary products score much lower than open sourceOpen Source Companies
Slide48Alma: new automation platform from Ex LibrisRecently branded from development name Unified Resource ManagementAutomation
platform for managing library resources across formatsHighly shared data modelsDesigned for multitenant SaaSExpected delivery of production product in Early 2012
Slide49Alma -- continuedDevelopment partners and Early Adopters engagedTarget market: national, larger research, academic
Forward migration path for Voyager and AlephRelies on Primo discovery layerMarket impact: 2013 and beyond
Slide50OCLC Web-scale Management Service"the first Web-scale, cooperative library management service”New highly
scaleable platform for WorldCatCatalogingInterlibrary loanDiscovery (WorldCat Local)
CirculationAcquisitionsLicense ManagementEarly deployments underway now – UTC, Pepperdine, etcIn Challenge to ILS Industry, OCLC Extends WorldCat Local To Launch New Library System
Marshall Breeding, Library Journal 4/23/2009http://www.libraryjournal.com/article/CA6653619.html
Slide51Open SystemsAchieving openness has risen as the key driver behind library technology strategiesOpen sourceOpen API’s
Demand for InteroperabilityLibraries need to do more with their dataAbility to improve customer experience
Slide52Closed Systems
Circulation
Acquisitions
Cataloging
Staff Interfaces:
End User
Interfaces:
Data Stores:
Functional
modules:
No programmable
Access to the system.
Captive to the user
Interfaces supplied by the developer
Programmer access:
Slide53Open Source Model
Circulation
Acquisitions
Cataloging
Staff Interfaces:
End User
Interfaces:
Data Stores:
Functional
modules:
All aspects of the system available to inspection and modification.
Programmer access:
Slide54Open API Model
Circulation
Acquisitions
Cataloging
Staff Interfaces:
End User
Interfaces:
Data Stores:
Functional
modules:
Core application closed.
Third party developers code against the published APIs or RDBMS tables.
Programmer access:
Published APIs
Slide55Open Source / Open API Model
Circulation
Acquisitions
Cataloging
Staff Interfaces:
End User
Interfaces:
Data Stores:
Functional
modules:
Core application closed.
Third party developers code against the published APIs or RDBMS tables.
Programmer access:
Published APIs
Slide56Legacy ILS Model / External API
Circulation
BIB
Staff Interfaces:
Holding
/ Items
Circ
Transact
User
Vendor
Policies
$$$
Funds
Cataloging
Acquisitions
Serials
Online
Catalog
Public Interfaces
:
Application Programming Interfaces / Web Services
Protocols:
SIP2 NCIP
Z39.50
OAI-PMH
External
Systems &
Services
Flexible
Interoperability
Slide57Benefits of APIs to LibrariesExtensibilityInteroperabilityAllows the LMS to connect with other automation components
Create a matrix of interconnected systems rather than isolated silos with redundant data and functionalityILS maturity means similar levels of functionalityILS
products increasingly differentiated by extent and quality of APIs and interoperability support
Slide58Consolidated index
Search
Engine
Discovery Service
Search:
Digital
Coll
ProQuest
EBSCO
…
JSTOR
Other Resources
New Library Management Model
`
API Layer
Library Management System
Learning
Management
Enterprise Resource
Planning
Stock
Management
Self-Check /
Automated Return
Authentication
Service
Smart Cad /
Payment systems
Slide59From local discovery to comprehensive discovery New models of Library Collection Discovery
Slide60Evolution of library collection discovery toolsBound handwritten catalogsCard Catalogs
Library online catalogs – OPACsNext-Gen Catalogs / Discovery interfacesSocial DiscoveryWeb-scale discovery servicesComprehensive presentation layer services
Slide61Bound Catalog
National Library of Colombia
Slide62Card Catalog
National Library of Argentina
Slide63Card Catalog
National and University Library, Slovenia
Slide64Card Catalog
Slide65Card Catalog
University of Kansas Library
Slide66Online Card Catalog
Salem International University
Slide67Computerized card catalog
Slide68Online Catalog
Search:
Search Results
ILS Data
Slide69Web-based online catalog
Slide70Disjointed approach to information and service deliverySilos PrevailBooks: Library OPAC (ILS module)Articles: Aggregated content products, e-journal collections
OpenURL linking servicesE-journal finding aids (Often managed by link resolver)Subject guides (e.g. Springshare
LibGuides)Local digital collectionsETDs, photos, rich media collectionsMetasearch enginesAll searched separately
Slide71Federated SearchSimultaneous search of library catalog and selected remote resources of electronic contentBased on live, dynamic queries cast to multiple targetsLimited result sets, slow performance
Search and retrieval protocols: Z39.50, XML gateways
Slide72Federated Search
Search:
Digital Collections
ProQuest
EBSCOhost
…
MLA
Bibliography
ABC-CLIO
Search Results
Real-time query and responses
ILS Data
Slide73Modernized InterfaceSingle search boxQuery toolsDid you meanType-ahead
Relevance ranked resultsFaceted navigationEnhanced visual displaysCover artSummaries, reviews,
Recommendation services
Slide74Discovery Products
http://www.librarytechnology.org/discovery.pl
Slide75Decoupled from ILS / Best of Breed
Slide76Discovery Interface
Search:
Digital Collections
ProQuest
EBSCOhost
…
MLA
Bibliography
ABC-CLIO
Search Results
Real-time query and responses
ILS Data
Local Index
MetaSearch
Engine
Slide77Endeca
Slide78AquaBrowser
Slide79AquaBrowser
Slide80AquaBrowser
Slide81LS2 PAC
Slide82VuFind
VuFind
: Villanova University
Slide83Differentiation in DiscoveryProducts increasingly specialized between public and academic librariesPublic libraries: emphasis on engagement with physical collectionAcademic libraries: concern for discovery of heterogeneous material types, especially books + articles + digital objects
Slide84Discovery from Local to Web-scaleInitial products focused on technologyAquaBrowser, Endeca,
Primo, Encore, VuFindMostly locally-installed softwareCurrent
phase focused on pre-populated indexes that aim to deliver Web-scale discoverySummon (Serials Solutions)WorldCat Local (OCLC)EBSCO Discovery Service (EBSCO)Primo CentralEncore Synergy
Slide85Web-scale Discovery
Search:
Digital Collections
ProQuest
EBSCOhost
…
MLA
Bibliography
ABC-CLIO
Search Results
Pre-built harvesting and indexing
Consolidated Index
ILS Data
Slide86Web-scale Search + Federated Search
Search:
Digital Collections
ProQuest
…
MLA
Bibliography
ABC-CLIO
Search Results
Pre-built harvesting and indexing
Consolidated Index
ILS Data
Fed
Search
Non-harvestable
Resources
Interim model to deal with resources not possible to harvest into consolidated index
Slide87Summon
Slide88EBSCO Discovery Service
Slide89Encore Synergy
Slide90Primo / Primo Central
Slide91Encore Synergy
Search:
Digital Collections
ProQuest
…
Local Index
ILS Data
Web Services
Local Index Results
Local Index Results
Remote Search Results
EBSCOhost
…
MLA
Bibliography
ABC-CLIO
Slide92Social DiscoveryBuilds on modernized library catalog interfacesStrong emphasis on Web 2.0 conceptsUsers invited to contribute reviews, ratings, preferences, reading lists, etc.
User-supplied data becomes part of the discovery processUsers help each other to find interesting library materials
Example: Leverage use data for a recommendation service of scholarly content based on link resolver data: Ex Libris bX
service
Slide93Social Discovery
Search:
Digital Collections
Web site data
…
User Contributed Content
Search Results
Local Index
ILS Data
Slide94BiblioCommons
Slide95BiblioCommons
Slide96SoPAC
Slide97SoPAC
Slide98Questions and discussion
Slide99Thanks!