Hearing S ight Smell Taste T ouch How We Hear We use our ears to hear sounds Sounds travel through the air and our ears as sound waves How We Hear Sound waves are collected by the outer part of the ear called the ID: 784561
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Slide1
Slide2Hearing is one of the five human senses.
Hearing
|
S
ight
|
Smell
|
Taste
|
T
ouch
Slide3How We Hear
We use our ears to hear sounds.
Sounds travel through the air and our ears as sound waves
.
Slide4How We Hear
Sound waves are collected by the outer part of the ear, called the
pinna
.
The pinna is the only part of the ear that you can see with your eye.
Slide5How We Hear
After the sound waves are collected by the pinna they are sent through the ear canal before reaching the ear drum.
When the sound waves hit the ear drum, it vibrates.
Slide6How We Hear
The vibrations from the ear drum makes three small bones in the ear vibrate.
The hammer
The anvil
The stirrup
Those three bones together are called the ossicles.
hammer
anvil
stirrup
Slide7How We Hear
The vibration of the ossicles transfer the sound waves to the inner ear.
The inner ear has two parts, the cochlea and the semicircular canals.
The semicircular canals. help you determine movement and to stay balanced.
semicircular canals
cochlea
Slide8How We Hear
As the sound waves pass through the cochlea, they cause microscopic hair cells to vibrate.
These hair cells, called cilia, are linked to the auditory nerve. When the cilia vibrate they send an electric impulse signal to the brain.
When the signal reaches the brain, we hear!
From David J. Lim. Functional Structure of the Organ of Corti: A Review. Hearing Research, 22 (1986) 117-146
cochlea
auditory nerve
Cilia
Slide9Taking Care of Our Ears
Just like our eyes and teeth, we need to make sure we take care of our ears.
The people who take care of our ears are called
AUDIOLOGISTS.
Slide10Audiologists
An audiologist is the person you visit to have your ears checked.
He or she will look inside your ears with a tool called an otoscope.
The otoscope lets the audiologist see if you have anything stuck in your ears that shouldn’t be.
Slide11Audiologists
Audiologists also test your hearing using beeps, words, and other sounds.
During a hearing test, an audiologist will have you sit in a special room, that is completely quiet, to see what sounds you can hear.
Sometimes the audiologist will have you point out pictures that go with the sounds, or play games where you have to listen to the sounds.
Slide12Some Reasons We Lose Our Hearing
Babies are sometimes born not hearing as well, or not hearing at all.
Adults and kids can lose their hearing from being around noises that are too loud (noise-induced hearing loss – NIHL)
As adults get older, they can start to lose their hearing.
Some diseases can make you lose your hearing.
Slide13Types of Hearing Loss
Sensorineural Hearing Loss
Conductive Hearing Loss
Mixed Hearing Loss
The safest way to determine if you have a hearing loss is to visit your audiologist for a hearing evaluation. An audiologist can then work with you to determine the best treatment option for your hearing loss.
Slide14Sensorineural Hearing Loss
When the cilia in the cochlea become broken or bent, they no longer vibrate correctly and the electric impulse signal does not get sent to our brain.
Once those hair cells break or bend, they can never be fixed.
Noise-induced hearing loss or NIHL, happens when we are around noises that are too loud, causing our cilia to over vibrate and become damaged.
From David J. Lim. Functional Structure of the Organ of Corti: A Review. Hearing Research, 22 (1986) 117-146
Slide15Conductive Hearing Loss
Conductive hearing loss happens when the sound
waves are not able to reach the inner ear.
Some of the reasons this can happen are:
Blockage in the ear canal from:
Ear wax (cerumen) build-up.
A foreign object lodged in there.
Fluid occupying the middle ear space.
This happens a lot due to ear infections, also called otitis media.
Slide16Mixed Hearing Loss
Hearing loss that involves both sensorineural and conductive hearing loss.
Slide17Hearing Aids
If you have a hearing loss, sometimes an audiologist will
recommend that you get a hearing aid.
Hearing Aids are:
Special devices you place in your ear to help you hear better.
Comfortable to wear and come in a lot of colors and designs.
Slide18Remember to spell out
E A R S
to protect your hearing.
E - Earplugs (wear them when it’s too noisy)
A
- Avoid loud sounds
R
- Reduce the sound (turn down the volume)
S
– Shorten the time you listen to the noise (less than 30
minutes)
Slide19If you think you or someone
you know might have a hearing problem?
Tell your parents to go online to
www.HowsYourHearing.org
to find an audiologist near you.
Questions???