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Slide1
A Divided Nation:
The Civil WarSlide2
What To Expect
Learning Stations Activities
Group Activities
Computer Lab
Cooperative Learning Opportunities
Primary Source Activities
DBQ
PowerPoint with Discussion
Unit Assessment Slide3
What I
Know
About the Civil War
What I Learned
About the Civil War
What I Want
to
Learn About the Civil War
K-W-L
The Civil War
-
TTYNSlide4
The Precursor: Westward Expansion
Sectional Conflict - - Very Real and Very Important
Each section wanted expansion
Each wanted new states to be created in its own image Senate Balance
Economic Motives Merchants and Industrialists of Northeast wanted an expanding market Free states proved to be a much better market for their productsSlide5
The Precursor: Westward Expansion
The Opening of China
Opium Wars
America persuades the Chinese Emperor the same concessions as that of Britain; gave birth to the idea of enormous wealth as a result of trade w/ China
Led to the projecting of a railroad to the Pacific Coast Each section wanted the RR to bring Chinese trade its wayTTYN: How does Manifest Destiny fit into this equation? TTYN = Talk to your NeighborSlide6
The Wilmot Proviso
“ Neither slavery not involuntary servitude shall ever exist in any part of said country”
– Wilmot Proviso
TTYN:
Interpret the following quotes“…the Wilmot Proviso is an unconstitutional act that would deny Southerners the right to move freely with their property into commonly held American territory.”
- John Calhoun “…while the Constitution protected slavery in the states where it already existed, we should never knowingly lend ourselves directly or indirectly, to prevent that slavery from dying a natural death – to find new places for it to live in, when it can no longer exist in the old.” - Abraham LincolnSlide7
What Did We Learn: The Compromises of the Civil War
The Kansas-Nebraska Act
The Kansas-Nebraska Bill of 1854 undid the Missouri Compromise and the Compromise of 1850.
The tension between pro-slavery and free soil factions over slavery in new territories increased
Stephen Douglas' bill left the Kansas territory open to the rule of
popular sovereignty. Slide8
Dred
Scott
TTYN
– The Declaration of Independence and the Constitution, did Taney ignore the basic ideas of each? Specifically, “all men are created equal.”
He believed that blacks "had no rights which the white man was bound to respect; and that the negro might justly and lawfully be reduced to slavery for his benefit. He was bought and sold and treated as an ordinary article of merchandise and traffic, whenever profit could be made by it." Slide9
The Election of 1860
The presidential Election of 1860 brought these conflicts to a head with dramatic consequences.
The Democratic Party split into three groups along regional lines, each vying for control of the party and each holding different ideas about how to deal with slavery in the West.
Three camps lined up against Abraham Lincoln, the nominee of the Republican Party, who advocated that the West be free of slavery entirely. Slide10
Why Secession?
Southern Economic Interests
Long-range threat to the entire economic and social structure of the South
No. Republicans pushing for a homestead law
Northern Railroad plans High Tariffs Sectional balance in the SenateSlide11
Document 1
“I consider the central idea pervading this struggle is the necessity that is upon on, of proving that popular government is not an absurdity. We must settle this question now, whether in a free government the minority have the right to break up the government whenever they choose. If we fail it will go far to prove the incapability of the people to govern themselves.”
Abraham Lincoln
Document 2
A Southern victory would give courage to the enemies of progress and damp the spirits of its friends all over the civilized world.”
John Stuart Mill
Document 3
“It is of infinite moment that you should properly estimate the immense value of your national union to your collective and individual happiness; that you should cherish a cordial, habitual, and immovable attachment to it; accustoming yourselves to think and speak of it as of the palladium of your political safety and prosperity. The first dawning of every attempt to alienate any portion of our country from the rest or to enfeeble the sacred ties which now link together the various parts.”
George WashingtonSlide12
Causes of the Civil War
CausesSlide13
Nat Turner
Nat Turner
leads
a rebellion against plantation owners in 1831 and killed 60
people
TTYN: Why is a rebellion, which occurred almost thirty years before the Civil War significant? Slide14
Stonewall Jackson
He knew that the Valley was the bread basket for the South.
Edinburg produced the most wheat.
Jackson only lost in the
Kenstown
. He didn’t use chairs because he believed that standing was good for you.Slide15
Ulysses S. Grant
The hero of Vicksburg and Chattanooga
1864, took command of all the Union Armies
Had Lincoln’s full confidence
Lt. General – not since George Washington
Polar opposite of McClellan
“there is no turning back”Slide16
TTYN:
What effect, if any, has the war had on Southern life? Slide17
Robert E. Lee
TTYN:
Interpret the following quotes
from Robert E. Lee
“…I look upon secession as anarchy. If I owned the four millions of slaves in the South I would sacrifice them all to the Union; but how can I draw my sword upon Virginia, my native state?” Slide18
2nd Manassas
or 2nd
Bull Run, VA
August 29-30, 1862
The general for the Confederate was Stonewall Jackson.
The general for the Yankees was John Pope.The North lost 16,000 soldiers while the South lost only 9,000
The South won the battle.Slide19
The Turning Point
Thinking about our time discussing the Revolutionary War (Remember that??)
Which battle during the Revolutionary War is considered the turning point?
The Battle of Saratoga
Every war has a turning point and the Civil War is no different. The Battle of Gettysburg (July 1-3, 1863) is widely considered to be the turning point of the American Civil War
The Battle of Gettysburg Slide20
The Turning Point
Lee would never again attempt an offensive operation of such proportions. Although the war was to continue for two more horrible years, the Confederacy would never recover from the losses of Gettysburg.
“…the most desperate which ever took place in the world. Nothing can picture the horrors of the battlefield around the ruined city of Gettysburg. Each house, church, hovel, and barn is filled with the wounded of both armies. The ground is covered with the dead.
General
Abner
Doubleday
The Battle of Gettysburg Slide21
A Slave Advertisement
The Issue of SlaverySlide22
Francis CarpenterSlide23
The Emancipation Proclamation
Why the delay?
The Peninsula Defeat – made it clear that extraordinary means were necessary to save the Union and Antietam gave Lincoln the opening to deal with slavery
Confederacy use of slaves – dug trenches and built fortifications; cooks and hospital attendants, which freed up the soldiers to fight
Lincoln’s plan – divest the rebels of their slaves – who would be free to join the Union forces and provide the North an advantageSlide24
The Emancipation Proclamation
Lincoln knew that the Queen and working population were anti-slavery
Introducing the slavery issue would make it impractical for the British Gov’t to come to the aid of the Confederacy
TTYN
–
Do you believe that Lincoln finally came to his senses regarding slavery or was the Emancipation Proclamation driven by diplomatic purposes? A Diplomatic MoveSlide25
William Seward
“the ablest American diplomatist of the century.”Slide26
Summer of ‘63
Transformation in the Union war effort – the deployment of black regiments
180K Black Soldiers – 54
th
Massachusetts Regiments
“He who fights the battles of America may claim America as his country –and have that claim respected.”--Frederick Douglas “The Colored population is the great available and yet un-availed of, force for restoring the Union.”--Abraham LincolnSlide27
One Fine Day
The Homestead Act
– promised 160 acres if free public land largely in the West to settlers who agreed to reside on property for five years or more.
The Morrill Act
– public lands to states for the establishment of land-grant colleges Pacific Railroad Act- made the construction of a transcontinental railroad possible
Legal Tender Bill – laid the economic foundation for the Union war effort, which created paper money known as “greenbacks.”Slide28
13
th
A
mendment
Passed by Congress January 31, 1865
To be examined in greater detail during our
Reconstruction UnitSlide29
Killing Lincoln
To be examined in greater detail during our
Reconstruction Unit
On April 14, 1865, President Abraham Lincoln was assassinated while watching a play at Ford's Theatre in WashingtonSlide30
Whig PartySlide31
C.S.I.
Emancipation ProclamationSlide32
CLASSIFIED
CASE FILE
Emancipation Proclamation
September of 1862, after the Union's victory at Antietam, Lincoln issued a preliminary decree stating that, unless the rebellious states returned to the Union by January 1, freedom would be granted to slaves within those states.Slide33
Document 2
Frederick Douglas QuoteSlide34
Document 3
Horace Greeley QuoteSlide35
Document 8