Lecture By Mrs Sidra Hasan Calcaneus Above View Left Foot Talus Navicular cuboid Cuboid 2 nd Cuneiform 1 st Cuneiform 3 rd Cuneiform Metatarsal Tuberosity of the 5 ID: 341532
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Slide1
Anatomy of Foot
Lecture By: Mrs. Sidra
HasanSlide2
Calcaneus
Above View
(Left Foot) Slide3
Talus
Slide4
NavicularSlide5
cuboid
CuboidSlide6
2
nd
Cuneiform Slide7
1
st
Cuneiform Slide8
3
rd
Cuneiform Slide9
MetatarsalSlide10
Tuberosity
of the 5
th
MetatarsalSlide11
Proximal PhalangeSlide12
MIDDLE PHALANGESlide13
DISTAL PHALANGESlide14
CALCANEUS
Side
View (
Left Foot) Slide15
TALUSSlide16
NAVICULARSlide17
CUBOIDSlide18
CUNEIFORM (FIRST)Slide19
CUNEIFORM (SECOND)Slide20
CUNEIFORM (THIRD)Slide21
METATARSALSSlide22
TUBEROSITY OF THE 5
th
METATARSALSlide23
Calcaneus
Inside Lateral View (Left Foot) Slide24
Talus Slide25
MetatarsalsSlide26
NavicularSlide27
1
st
CuneiformSlide28
Distal PhalangeSlide29
Middle PhalangeSlide30
Proximal PhalangeSlide31
ARCHES OF FOOTSlide32
Foot archesSlide33
CLASSIFICATION OF ARCHES
1)Medial longitudinal arch2)Lateral longitudinal arch3)Transverse archesSlide34Slide35
Medial longitudinal arch
More higher, more mobile, more resilient than lateral arch.Formed by the calcaneum, the talus, the navicular,3 cuneiforms & 1
st
3 metatarsal bones.
ENDS:
ANTERIOR END
: FORMED BY heads of 1
st
,2
nd
.3
rd
metatarsals.
POSTERIOR END
: FORMED BY medial tubercle of
calcaneum
.
SUMMIT:
FORMED BY sup.
Articular
surface of talusSlide36
Medial longitudinal arch
PILLARS: ANT. PILLAR: Formed by talus, naviclar bone , 3 cuneiforms &1
st
three metatarsals bones.
POST. PILLAR
: SHORT &STRONG
FORMED BY medial side of
calcaneum
.
MAIN JOINT:
TALOCALCANEONAVICULAR JOINTSlide37
LATERAL LONGITUDINAL ARCHLL
Characterstically low, less mobile,less resilient. Designed to transmit more Wt & thrust to ground.
Formed by the
calcaneum
, the
cuboid & 4
th
,5
th
metatarsal bones.
ENDS:
ANt.END
:
FORMED BY Heads of 4
th
&5
th
metatarsal bones.
POST. END:
FORMED BY Lateral tubercle of
calcaneum
.Slide38
.
SUMMIT: LIES at the level of articular facet on the sup. Surface of
calcaneum
at the level of
subtalar
joint.
PILLARS:
ANT. PILLAR:
Long &weak . Formed by The
cuboid
bone & 4
th
&5
th
metatarsal bones.
POST. PILLAR
:
Strong & short. Formed by lateral side of
calcaneum
.
Main joint: CALCANEOCUBOID JOINT.Slide39
TRANSVERSE ARCHES
ANT. TRANSVERSE ARCHFORMED BY heads of all 5 metatarsal bonesIts complete arch as heads of 1
st
and 2
nd
metatasal bones come in contact of ground and form two ends.
POSTERIOR TRANSVERSE ARCH:
Formed by greater part of tarsus & bases of metatarsus.
It’s a half arch as only lateral end comes in contact with ground . Making half dome.. Other dome is formed by 2
nd
foot.Slide40
FACTORS MAINTAINING ARCHSlide41
Factors
SHAPES of bonesIntersegmental ties or ligaments & muscles that hold different segments of archTIE BEAMS or bowstrings that connect two ends of arch.SLING: keep the summit of arch pulled up.Slide42
Factors
1)Bony factor: Post. Transverse arch is maintained mainly by bony factor as most of the tarsal bones involved (e.g, cuneiforms & the heads of metatarsal bones) are wedge shaped.
Apex of the wedge pointing downwards.
Bony factor is not very imp incase of other arches.Slide43
Intersegmental ties
Ligaments support all arches.Medial long.arch
:
by spring ligament
Lateral
long.arch
:
by long &short planter ligaments.
Transverse arches :
metatarsal bones are held together by
interosseous
muscle.Slide44
Intersegmental tiesSlide45
Tie beam
Help from flattening the arch.Keep the ant. &post. Ends of arch close togetherLongitudinal arches : by planter aponeurosis
& muscles of first layer of sole.
Transverse arches: adductor
hallucisSlide46
Slings
Medial long. Arch: the summit is pulled up by tendons passing from the post. Comp of leg into sole of foot. i.e
;
tibialis
post. Flexor
hallucis longus
, flexor
digitorum
longus
.
Lateral longitudinal arch:
the summit is pulled upward by
peroneus
longus
&
brevis
.
Tendons of
tibialis
post. &
peroneus
longus
make a sling together that support the longitudinal arches by pulling the middle of foot upwards.Slide47
Slings
Transverse arches : peroneus longus
crosses the foot from lateral to medial side thus supports transverse arches.
Tibialis
post. By various slips in the sole.Slide48
FUNCTIONS OF ARCHES
Distribution of body wtSpring action during walking &runningShock absorberProtection of soft tissues of soleSlide49
Clinical anatomy of arches
Pes planus
Pes
cavus
Claw foot
Talipes
equanus
Talipes
calcaneus
Talipes
varus
Talipes
valgus
Talipes
equanuvarus
(club foot)
Talipes
calcaneovalgusSlide50Slide51
Foot anamoliesSlide52
TALUSSlide53
CALCANIUMSlide54
Quick Quiz
How many phalanges are in the foot?
14
How many metatarsals are in the foot?
5
How many tarsals are in the foot?
7
In total, how many bones are in the foot?
26