Arts and Leisure Athletic sports dancing decorative art games music Basic Needs Clothing cooking housing Beliefs Folklore funeral rites religious ritual Communication amp Education Education language ID: 636419
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Slide1
Dr. Urban
Cultural Variation, Subcultures, and CounterculturesSlide2
Arts and Leisure
Athletic sports, dancing, decorative art, games, music
Basic NeedsClothing, cooking, housingBeliefsFolklore, funeral rites, religious ritualCommunication & EducationEducation, languageFamilyKinship, marriageGovernment & EconomyDivision of labor, law, rights, trade, calendarTechnologyMedicine, tools
Cultural UniversalsSlide3
Cultural diversity, pluralism, and multiculturalism
Subcultures
– groups whose values and related behaviors are so distinct that they set their members off from the general culture.1,000s of subcultures in U.S.Examples - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_subcultures Countercultures – groups whose values set their members in opposition to dominant culture.Challenge dominant culture’s core valuesCultural VariationSlide4
Ethnocentrism
– tendency to view one’s own culture and group as superior.
Leads to discrimination, cultural stagnationCultural Relativism – belief that cultures should be judged by their own standards rather than by applying the standards of another culture.Understand cultural practices from points of view of members of a particular society.But, cultural practices that result in exploitation should be judged as morally inferiorResponses to Cultural VariationSlide5
Cultural Diffusion
– spreading of cultural traits from one society to another
Cultural Lag – time between cultural change, when ideas and beliefs are adapting to new material conditions.Material culture changes more readily than nonmaterial cultureCultural Leveling – process in which cultures become more and more alikeE.g., McDonald’s, Starbucks, NY Yankees, etc.Cultural Change