PPT-From The Ecology of Language Evolution

to Language Evolution Contact competition and change Salikoko S Mufwene University of Chicago Language Endangerment From The Ecology of Language Evolution to date still an embarrassing subject matter for linguistics. Cynthia S.Kolar*David M.LodgeDept of BiologicalSciences, Box 369,University of Notre Dame,USA. TRENDSin Ecology & Evolution Vol.16 No.4 April 2001http://tree.trends.com We consider eight publications Ethology Ecology & Evolution 14: 83-89, 2002 * Presented at the W.D. Hamilton Symposium of the International Union for the Study of 84 D.Hughes country with Bill would dramatically be broken off whils A Society with an International ScopeA third of the membership of the ASN lives outside the United States, and more than half of the submissions to the e American Naturalist come from authors in 45 o (LSU BIOL 4253, Sections 1 & 2, Spring 2015). Composite satellite image (“Blue Marble 2012”) from Wikimedia Commons. A312 Life Sciences Bldg.. kharms@lsu.edu. Dr. Kyle E. Harms. http://. www.kharms.biology.lsu.edu. Michael Turelli*Section of Evolution andEcology, University CA 95616, USA.Nicholas H.BartonICAPB, Division ofBiological Sciences,University of Edinburgh, classification of evolutionary forces; however EDITORIALOn tapir ecology, evolution and conservation: what we know and future perspectives–part IIWelcome to the second special issue on tapir ecology, evolution and conservation, a continuation Jordan Zlatev. Lecture 9. Controversies and hypotheses. 1. Controversies. What is language (again!)?. When language evolved?. How it evolved. ?. Why it evolved. ? . (Lecture 10). Can language evolution be divided in “stages”? Which? . Ecology and evolution of dwarfing in insular elephants V.L. RothBiology Department,Duke University,Durham,N.C.,USA - vlroth@duke.edu SUMMARY:Elephants approach one extreme in the spectrum of terrestri The Importance of Evolution in Ecology. Ecologists study proximate or “how” questions:. How nutrients flow through ecosystems. Evolutionary biologists study ultimate or “why” questions:. Why does a stickleback fish have armor in one lake but not another?. 2018 ECOLOGY (B&C) KAREN LANCOUR National Bio Rules Committee Chairman karenlancour@charter.net C. Robyn Fischer National Event Supervisor Ecology Events Ecology – principles of ecology related to terrestrial environments – II. The Tenets of Deep Ecology While I am aware that the term deep ecology was coined by the Norwegian philosopher Arne Naess, this article refers specifically to the American variant.2 Adherents of This is the second of the two closely linked but self-contained volumes that comprise James Hurford\'s acclaimed exploration of the biological evolution of language. In the first book he looked at the evolutionary origins of meaning, ending as our distant ancestors were about to step over the brink to modern language. He now considers how that step might have been taken and the consequences it undoubtedly had. The capacity for language lets human beings formulate and express an unlimited range of propositions about real or fictitious worlds. It allows them to communicate these propositions, often overlaid with layers of nuance and irony, to other humans who can then interpret and respond to them. These processes take place at breakneck speed. Using a language means learning a vast number of arbitrary connections between forms and meanings and rules on how to manipulate them, both of which a normal human child can do in its first few years of life. James Hurford looks at how this miracle came about. The book is divided into three parts. In the first the author surveys the syntactic structures evident in the communicative behaviour of animals, such as birds and whales, and discusses how vocabularies of learned symbols could have evolved and the effects this had on human thought. In the second he considers how far the evolution of grammar depended on biological or cultural factors. In the third and final part he describes the probable route by which the human language faculty and languages evolved from simple beginnings to their present complex state. This book introduces readers to a set of powerful and extremely flexible modeling techniques, starting at square one and continuing with carefully chosen applications. Some of these applications of methodology include insect oviposition behavior, overwinter survival of birds and fish, avian migration, resource management, conservation biology, agroecology, and human behavior. This book also explains how to construct, test, and use dynamic state variable models in a wide range of contexts in evolutionary ecology, and its complete and up-to-date coverage allows readers to immediately begin using the described techniques. Dynamic State Variable Models in Ecology is designed for self-instruction or for use in upper division undergraduate or graduate courses. It is ideal for students and scientists interested in behavior, ecology, anthropology, conservation biology, and related fields. Throughout their lives animals must complete many tasks, including finding food, avoiding predators, attracting mates, and navigating through a complex and dynamic environment. Consequently, they have evolved a staggering array of sensory organs that are fundamental to survival and reproduction and shape much of their evolution and behaviour. Sensory ecology deals with how animals acquire, process, and use information in their lives, and the sensory systems involved. It investigates the type of information that is gathered by animals, how it is used in a range of behaviours, and the evolution of such traits. It deals with both mechanistic questions (e.g. how sensory receptors capture information from the environment, and how the physical attributes of the environment affect information transmission) and functional questions (e.g. the adaptive significance of the information used by the animal to make a decision). Recent research has dealt more explicitly with how sensory systems are involved with and even drive evolutionary change, including the formation of new species. Sensory Ecology, Behaviour, and Evolution provides a broad introduction to sensory ecology across a wide range of taxonomic groups, covering all the various sensory modalities (e.g. sound, visual, chemical, magnetic, and electric) relating to diverse areas spanning anti-predator strategies, foraging, mate choice, navigation and more, with the aim being to illustrate key principles and differences. This accessible textbook is suitable for senior undergraduates, graduate students, and professional academics taking courses or conducting research in sensory ecology/biology, neuroethology, behavioural and evolutionary ecology, communication, and signalling. It will also be of relevance and use to psychologists interested in sensory information and behaviour.