PPT-1.1.6 Value judgements, positive and normative statements

What is the difference between these 2 statements His new car is green His new car is a terrible shade of green AQA Econ 1 Markets and market failure 116 What you need to know Candidates should be able to distinguish between positive and normative statements. Graphing the Combinations of Production for Two Goods or Services. Shows all of the possible combinations of two goods or services that can be produced within a stated time period, given two very important assumptions:. David Colander. Middlebury College. Textbooks don’t teach a whole lot of methodology.. They do teach the Positive/Normative Distinction. Students are taught: Economists do Positive Economics—the facts, not normative economics—the shoulds. . Why. are Quantified Statements Important?. The logical structure of quantified statements provides a basis for the construction and validation of . proofs.. Consider the quantified statements…. “For every positive number . The Logic of Quantified Statements. Section 2.3. Multiple Quantifiers . Multiple Quantifiers. A statement may contain multiple quantifiers, ∀,∃ or ∃, ∀.. When multiple quantifiers are encountered treat them as they come, “in order”. Objectives. To understand the concept ceteris paribus. To understand the difference between positive and normative statements. Homework: Explain the difference between positive and normative statements using examples from a current article of your choice.. Objectives. To understand the concept ceteris paribus. To understand the difference between positive and normative statements. Homework: Explain the difference between positive and normative statements using examples from a current article of your choice.. Falsifiability. Understanding facts and arguments. Which arguments require which evidence. Logic of argumentation. Falsifiability – arguments must be able to be wrong. Logic of argumentation. Kinds of statements that are not falsifiable are:. …statements . usually are statements of opinion that give clues about the speaker’s personal value biases. They often have the word “should” in them. Remember if there is any element of normative bias in the statement, then it is normative. If it requires the assumption that the reader agrees with the . Homework: Explain the difference between positive and normative statements using examples from a current article of your choice.. Why Do Economists Disagree?. Different opinions about who should be included in economic statistics. What is Economics About?. Scarcity and Choice. Scarcity and choice are the two essential ingredients . of an economic topic.. Goods are scarce because desire for them far outstrips their availability from nature.. Defining positive and normative statements. Positive statements are statements which can be supported or refuted by evidence. Can be verifiable by proof. They are either true or false. Normative statement are statements which are value judgements. The BDI-2 Normative Update (NU) was created due to changes in demographic characteristics of the US population. . The norms were recalculated using recent . census estimates (U.S. Census Bureau, . 2014).. . . . Non-. cognivistism. . Prescriptivism . Evaluate Prescriptivism as non-cognitive use of ethical language . Starting Point: Prescriptivism. Like . Emotivists. , . Prescriptivists. believe:. Understand the expectations and policies of this class by reviewing the course syllabus. Brainstorm with a partner knowledge about economics that you might already have, as well as questions you have about the subject..