Practice HDI Development Poverty Prediction Questions Which TWO population groups are most vulnerable to effects of global poverty Name 2 challenges facing children living in poverty Name a medical ID: 595776
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Slide1
Causes of PovertySlide2
Practice: HDI DevelopmentSlide3
Poverty Prediction Questions
Which TWO population groups are most vulnerable to effects of global poverty?
Name 2 challenges facing children living in poverty
Name a medical
pandemic
or medical
illness
that is currently devastating populations living in poverty
Which region of the world is most at risk to global poverty?
What is the name for neighbourhoods on the outskirts of cities where people living in extreme poverty?Slide4
Review: Four Levels of Dev’t
1. Highly Industrialized (Very High)
2. Newly Industrialized (High) ~
3. Developing Countries (Med)
4. Highly Indebted Counties (Low)Slide5Slide6
Global GDP - 2009Slide7
Today’s Topic
CAUSES OF POVERTYSlide8
What is Poverty?
Hard to define
Depends on where you are discussing ~ context
Canada vs. Congo
$2.00 a day ~ barely anyone can survive on this
Short Film “Wilbur Goes Poor: Part 1” – what does it mean to be poor in India’s context?Slide9
Poverty in Developing Countries
Almost half the world – over 3 billion people – live on less than $2.50 a day
The GDP of the 41 Heavily Indebted Poor Countries (567 million people) is less than the wealth of the world’s richest people combined
Women and children are the most vulnerable to issues of poverty – trapped in cycles of poverty
The Universal Declaration of Human Rights states that everyone has the right to a reasonable standard of living – we need to help make sure that people have the access to basic needs that we do in CanadaSlide10
The difficulties a developing country faces in breaking the poverty cycle
Hunger & Malnutrition
HIV/AIDS
Malaria and other diseases
Lack of educational opportunity ~ Gender Inequality
War and Conflict
Family planning issues – lack of contraception
Corrupt governments
Environmental disasters – desertification, famine
Scarcity of resources – fresh water
Debt ~ Structural Adjustment ProgramsSlide11
Region At Risk: Sub-Saharan AfricaSlide12
History of colonization
Lack of infrastructure
Poor sanitation & High Fertility (birth rates)
Disease Pandemics such as HIV – high death ratesSlide13
Urban Poverty ~ Cities
1 billion
people live in “slum-like” conditions in urban areas of the world (UN, 2010)
People move to the cities in search of work, end up in ‘temporary housing’ that ends up being permanent for them
Incredibly poor living conditions, breeding ground for
disease like malaria
, and incredibly prone to natural disasters
http://www.homeless-international.org/About-SlumsSlide14
Favelas, Rio
MOVIES: BRASIL
City of God
Grand
Central StationSlide15
Shanty Towns, South Africa
Movies: District 9Slide16
Slums: Mumbai, Kolkata
“
amchi
wasti
”
Movies:
Slumdog
MillionaireSlide17
Sahakum, Cambodia
Movies: The Killing FieldsSlide18
Haiti: Recovery Not In SightSlide19
Who’s Most Vulnerable?
Women, Children, ElderlySlide20
Violence against women~ Gender Inequality
Ex. Dowries, Rape, Forced Marriage, Honour Killings
Disease transmission ~ forced sex, passed on through childbirth, breastfeeding
Children ~
malnutrition
, lack of education because school costs money, water diseases, malaria, weak immune systems, no breast milk
Children ~ child labour exploitation, child soldiers Slide21
Disease and Pandemics
HIV/AIDS ~ huge issue since 1980s
Massive spread in urban areas due to lack of education about transmission
Lack of access to cheap drugs that can help deal with symptoms
Population pyramid/demographics greatly affected because adults have died ~ grandparents forced to care for children
Children weak, can’t attend school
Lack of doctors to help identify and test victimsSlide22Slide23
How do we break the cycle of poverty
1. Forgive foreign debt ~ no point collecting extremely high interest rates and then giving money in form of aid to nations….
Effects of
Structural Adjustment Programs have been devastatingSlide24
Solving Poverty
REAL Solutions
R –
Realistic solutions that are simple, and make sense to the local communities – ex. Bed nets for malaria
E – Education: Health, literacy, trades, etc
A – Alternatives: Micro-credit organizations
L – Regulations
and laws surrounding resource use; lending to corrupt
gov’ts; Debt Forgiveness of Highly Indebted Countries, Greater Foreign Aid
G ~ GRASSROOTS