“internal resistance” . or “. output impedance” . that limits the amount of current it can output.. Non-ideal Power Supply. Power supplies and batteries have an . “internal resistance” . or “. ID: 654239
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Non-ideal Power Supply
Power supplies and batteries have an “internal resistance” or “output impedance” that limits the amount of current it can output.
Slide2Non-ideal Power Supply
Power supplies and batteries have an “internal resistance” or “output impedance” that limits the amount of current it can output.
Voltage “Droop”
Slide3Non-ideal Power Supply
Power output depends on load resistance
R
L
q
L
R
L
Max power occurs when
R
L
=
R
S
“Impedance matching”
Slide4Inductors
A coil of wire produces a magnetic field
B(t)
, which can
induce
and electric field
E(t)
and voltage
V(t)
.
Inductance of a
Solenoid
μ = magnetic susceptibilityn
= # turns per unit length
l
= length
A = cross sectional area
http://
hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu
Slide5Linear Variable Displacement Transducer
(LVDT)http://
www.ni.com/
Inserting a steel rod into a solenoid changes its inductance.
http://
www.digikey.com
/
Slide6Inductive Transducers
Reluctance tachometer - measures angular frequency ω or RPMs.
Road sensor
– coil of wire in the road senses the presence of a car
Slide7Tesla Models S – All electric, 400 HP
Slide8AC Induction Motor – 1,000 Amps at 300 V
300,000 W = 400 HP
Instantaneous torque!
No transmission, no fuel pump, no water pump, no valves… Very few moving parts!
Slide9Alternating Current (AC)
Applied voltage oscillates sinusoidally
www.learnabout-electronics.org
V
=
“peak amplitude”
V
pp
=
“peak-to-peak”
V
RMS
=
“root-mean-square”
Slide10Alternating Current (AC)
The graph shown below is wrong… why?
www.home
-bkk.com
Slide11Complex Numbers
Number line – 1 degree of freedom amplitude only
Complex
plane
–
2
degrees of freedom amplitude and phase
where
Slide12Complex Impedances
Capacitor
C
L
Inductor
R
Resistor
http://
hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu
Slide13Complex Impedances
Complex impedances contain information about both
amplitude and phase
.
Ohm’s Law
In the end, we only consider imaginary part.
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