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The case of the Pilot Programme for Climate Resilience (PPC The case of the Pilot Programme for Climate Resilience (PPC

The case of the Pilot Programme for Climate Resilience (PPC - PowerPoint Presentation

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The case of the Pilot Programme for Climate Resilience (PPC - PPT Presentation

Neha Rai 01122013 Political economy of climate resilient development CRD planning Content Why do we need a political economy assessment PEA Conceptual approach and Methodology Key steps and findings ID: 496516

incentives xxx development actors xxx incentives actors development climate policy ppcr political economy knowledge coalitions pea decisions key decision

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Slide1

The case of the Pilot Programme for Climate Resilience (PPCR) in BangladeshNeha Rai, 01.12.2013

Political economy of climate resilient development (CRD) planningSlide2

ContentWhy do we need a political economy assessment (PEA)?Conceptual approach and Methodology

Key steps and findings

Emerging lessonsSlide3

Political Economy Assessment- What and Why Why do we need to understand the political economy

Climate resilient planning is not an apolitical process (Tanner). Different actors at different scales bring their own ideology to the table.

A growing trend in climate finance initiatives has led to changes in incentives

& governance structures.

Different actors coalitions encourage or hinder CRD planning processes.

Governments need better understanding of political economy to resolve conflicts or harness coalitions to steer processes. It is an evolving discourse due to the complexity associated with climate change. Policy makers understanding is also constantly evolving. PEA is a suited to support a learning by doing approach. What is political economy?A PEA therefore establishes that policy decisions are “not just a rational choice, but shaped by new ideas, incentives, power plays and actors”Slide4

Purpose- Internal PEA to assess the political economy dynamics that shape decisions regarding the use of international climate finance at the national level. Scope:

analysis of interactions between

Actors

– their role, interests,

their

ideologies and knowledgeand the underlying incentives.

Decision outcomes/

Responses to climate change

Conceptual approach and Scope Slide5

Methodology/ StepsSlide6

Climate investment funds and PPCR

Climate Investment Funds

CTF

SCF

PPCR

FIPSREP

PPCR aims

t

o help countries

transform

onto a climate resilient development path,

consistent with national poverty reduction and sustainable development goals.Slide7

Step 1: Identify key decision points Slide8

Key decision points in different stages of PPCR Planning/ Conceptualisation

Participation issue

:

Who to involve in decision making?

Financing issue

: Loan Vs. GrantPrioritisation/ Selection outcome InstitutionalisationRole issue: Where should PPCR be hosted? Who should execute it?

MoE, MoEF? MDBs?

Which line ministries?

Role of

private sector

vs. state ?

Response priorities:

What investments to

prioritise?

Why

prioritise

coastal infrastructure? Slide9

Step 2: Stakeholder analysis

Map

key actors

by actor categories

Map their

roles in different stages of PPCR stages.Map their interests in different PPCR stages. Map their influence. Slide10

Key actors and their roles ?

Directly involved in PPCR

No direct involvement

Policy leaders

Tech Dept.'s

MDBs

Dev. partner

Other Multilaterals

CSOs

Other Govt

Stage

MDBs

Technical

(LGED, BWDB)

Policy leaders

MoF,

MoE

Donors

Other multilaterals

Other

depts.

DM, MoA

CSOs

Planning

Role

XXX

X

XXX

X

X

XX

Influence

XXX

X

XXX

XX

Interest

XXX

X

XXX

X

XXX

Priority setting

Role

XXX

XXX

XXX

X

X

X

Influence

XXX

XXX

XXX

X

X

X

Interest

XXX

XXX

XXX

XX

XXX

XXX

Implementation

Role

XXX

XXX

XXX

Influence

XXX

XXX

XXX

Interest

XXX

XXX

XXXSlide11

Step 3: Identify Ideologies/core beliefs of actors.

Discourse analysis using Hajerian Discourse Analysis approach

.

Identify dominant discourses

: Semi structured interviews to understand key narratives or worldviews around PPCR objectives/ design principles.

Observe coalitions around discourses. Slide12

Dominant Actor Coalition

MDB

Policy leaders

DPs

Transformational change-

Infrastructure narrative

Developmental Benefits-

Economic growth narrative

Loans in Adaptation-

Pro loan narrative

Pvt sector in adaptation-

Market liberalist

Tech Dept.'s

Technical View or Infrastructure development view

There is an actor coalition around

infrastructure investments

and

economic growth pathway

to transformational change and development

benefits.

Loans

and

private sector

is perceived to have

a key role in delivering these investments and

pathways. Slide13

Alternative but dispersed views

Social development view

Actor

coalition around

social development

and community based response pathway towards transformational change and development effectiveness. Loans are perceived as unjust financing modalities and private sector is considered less mature in a dominant ‘development state’. Transformational change- Social welfare narrative

Developmental Benefits-

Social welfare

Loans in Adaptation-

Neutral or Against loans

Pvt

sector in adaptation-

Developmental state or sceptics.

Unengaged Gov. dept.

Civil society

Other Multi lateralsSlide14

Step 4: Map underlying incentivesKnowledge

based

Resource

based Slide15

What incentivises actors to prioritise infrastructure pathways

Knowledge

Shared

knowledge or evidence

of

vulnerability and needs based on scientific studies. Shared evidence of urgency- Rising sea level, loss and damage. Based on climate modelling information, L&D assessments. Shared expertise of actors: Engineering, technical M&E.Comparative advantage of the institutions working in coastal infrastructure. Need to show results.

Resource interdependencies

Opportunity to top up existing pipeline projects of MDBs.

Resource interdependencies and alliances.

History of existing

partnerships

between MDBs and Tech departments.

Resource

needs.

Enormous need for finance

to investments

in coastal areas. Slide16

Step 5: Analyse interactions b/w actors, ideologies & incentives that shape decision Slide17

Dominant coalitions with shared ideologies and incentives shape decisions

Decisions

Institutional traditions/expertise, resource interdependencies and shared ideas and knowledge base of actors

has shaped the prioritisation of

business as usual

infrastructure

development.

Resource needs and evidence of urgency

drive financing modalities that emphasise use of loans in adaptation

.

Institutional traditions and international drivers

drive

a strong

vision to engage private sector in

adaptation-(often by delineating some government actors-

e.g.

MoA). Slide18

Ideological coalitions with dispersed resources knowledge and incentives are less able to influence decisions. …….However, actors that oppose dominant actions

are in a position to deter ongoing actions or complement actions depending on their buy in and available incentives. Slide19

Step 6: Use PEA to inform policy making Slide20

Policy suggestions Learn to use the political economy in different contexts:

Each CRD planning decision will have proponents and dissenters depending on ideologies, incentives and resources. In order to achieve timely outcomes, governments and development partners will need to be bold and find context specific pathways towards climate resilience development that work around the political economy at hand, often by reshaping incentives.

Be

purposeful in policy and process:

More attention is needed to the sequencing of decisions and representation of actors in the policy process. Ensuring that line ministries, such as the Ministry of Agriculture, are engaged in CRD decisions that directly effect them will increase the likelihood of ownerships and alignment during implementation

Tie incentives to context by acknowledging diverse actors/incentives: Consensus often masks the difference that will shape policy implementation. Bangladesh’s experience highlights that a large diversity of viewpoints and incentives shape CRD decisions. Governments and development partners can improve the effectiveness of policies by acknowledging the political economy for CRD and planning to work with diverse actor coalitions to achieve desired policy outcomes that are transformational.Slide21

Broad lessons from PEA- Ladder of consensus

Harness dominant coalitions

(Actors with shared ideas, resources, knowledge)

PEA allows decision makers to understand what resources and incentives are needed to strengthen coalitions promoting CRD

.

Use

an extended participation approach.

Create avenues to

develop knowledge and bridge science

with indigenous knowledge.

Identifying roles and tying incentives

Integrate alternative coalitions

shared ideas, influence

but dispersed resources or knowledge

PEA can be used to generate a process to

negotiate

between competing discourses.

Understand

actor influence in diff stages

to steer involvement.

Arrive at a holistic discourse.

Grievance management

Address

contested

relations

Diverging views

Resourceful, influential.Slide22

Thank YouNeha Rai International institute of environment and development (IIED), UKneha.rai@iied.org