French and Indian War Paintings by Nat Youngblood uscclsorg The French and Indian War Or The Seven Years War Or La guerre de la Conquête Or Fourth Intercolonial War ID: 641174
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Slide1
The French and Indian War
French
and
Indian War
Paintings by Nat Youngblood usccls.orgSlide2
The French and Indian War
Or…
The Seven Years War
Or…
La guerre de la Conquête
Or…
Fourth Intercolonial War
Or…
Great War for the Empire
Slide3
Who Fought?
The French and Indian War was fought by the
British
against the
French
and their Indian (Native American) allies
The British had Indian allies too.Remember, the colonists were Englishmen at this time. They were loyal subjects and did not think of themselves as anything but Englishmen
God Save the King!!Slide4
The Albany Plan of UnionSlide5
7 of the 13 colonies sent
representatives
to a conference in Albany, New York
Benjamin Franklin proposed a Union so the colonies could:
Make decisions over
Indian affairs
Handle trade issuesDefend themselves against the French
The Albany Plan of UnionSlide6
The colonies said, “No thanks”Slide7
Why did they Fight???
French claims
Spanish claims
English claimsSlide8
Remember the “G” in Glory!
England and France and Spain were all in competition with each other and with other
European countries
France had long claimed the
Ohio River Valley
As the 13 colonies prospered, many colonist began to look west toward lands that were claimed by the FrenchSlide9
One Part of a Bigger War
The war was driven by the antagonism between Great Britain (in personal union with Hanover) and the Bourbons (in France and Spain), resulting from overlapping interests in their colonial and trade empires, and by the antagonism between the Hohenzollerns (in Prussia) and Hapsburgs (Holy Roman Emperors and Archdukes in Austria), resulting from territorial and hegemonial conflicts in the Holy Roman Empire. The Diplomatic Revolution established an Anglo-Prussian Camp, allied with some smaller German States and later Portugal, as well as an Austro-French Camp, allied with Sweden, Saxony and later Spain. The Russian Empire left its offensive alliance with the Habsburgs on the succession of Peter III, and like Sweden concluded a separate peace with Prussia in 1762. The war ended with the peace treaties of Paris (Bourbon France and Spain, Great Britain) and of Hubertsburg (Hohenzollerns, Habsburgs, Saxon elector) in 1763. The war was characterized by sieges and arson of towns as well as open battles involving extremely heavy losses; overall, some 900,000 to 1,400,000 people died. Slide10
But… this was a
World War
Just kidding… You don’t have to learn all that stuff!
England and her Allies
France and her AlliesSlide11
George Washington
A young Major in the
Virginia Militia
, George Washington was sent into western Pennsylvania to counter the French
His group encountered a party of French scouts and there was a fight. A
French officer was killed
This was one of the first events that sparked the world-wide conflict
A young George Washington
Washington-Custis-Lee Collection, Washington and Lee University, Lexington, Virginia Slide12
Peace
Before
AfterSlide13
England’s North American Territory is now HUGE!!
France
cedes
(gives up) all land EAST of the
Mississippi
to England
France gives New Orleans to SpainSpain gives Florida to England (who will later give it back, but that’s another story)
In North America, the only possessions France has are some islands in the
Caribbean (West Indies)Slide14
The Result?
England is
in debt
(big time!)
England needs money
to pay for the war
Fighting Indians would be too expensive
So…..Slide15
England’s Plan
Enforce existing taxes on the colonists (The state of
Salutary Neglect
was over)
Impose
new taxes
(after all, the war was to protect the colonists, so they should pay. Right???)Declare that there would be no settlements west of the Proclamation Line of 1763. (England was too broke to fight any Indian wars!) Slide16
Vocabulary
Salutary Neglect
: The unofficial policy England had toward her colonies; tax and trade restrictions were
loosely enforced
(the colonists liked it!)
The Proclamation of 1763
: Colonists were forbidden to settle west of the Appalachian Mountains because England wanted to avoid wars with IndiansSlide17
The Proclamation of 1763Slide18
Colonial ReactionSlide19
TEKS 8.4A: analyze causes of the American Revolution, including the Proclamation of 1763, the Intolerable Acts, the Stamp Act, mercantilism, lack of representation in Parliament, and British economic policies following the French and Indian War