Harry Wong Four Engineers and a Mathematician Joseph Louis Lagrange Born in Italy during the mid1700s Inspired by a paper by Edmund Halley to enter mathematics while studying at Turin College in Italy ID: 310532
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ESE 251 Harry Wong
Four Engineers and a MathematicianSlide2
Joseph Louis Lagrange
Born in Italy during the mid-1700s
Inspired by a paper by Edmund Halley to enter mathematics while studying at Turin College in Italy
Later studied under Euler and eventually succeeded him as director of Mathematics at the Prussian Academy of Sciences.
Moved to France in 1786
Survived the French Revolution
Reformed the systems of weights & measurements in France to what is currently used today
Made significant advances in diverse fields of mathematicsSlide3
Achievements of Lagrange
Method of undetermined coefficients
Very useful technique developed by Lagrange
A method for finding solutions to
inhomogenous
differential equations
Lagrange Multipliers
Used often in optimization problems
In number theory
Proved every positive integer can be expressed as the sum of the squares of four other integersSlide4
Death
Died in 1813 and was Buried in the Pantheon Slide5
Leonardo Da Vinci
Born in 1452 – Florence
To a notary and peasant
Phenomenal individual who accomplished many things as…….Slide6
Paintings
A painter…
1505 – Oil on poplar
1452 - TemperaSlide7
Anatomy
An anatomist….
Extremely detailed drawings of body parts via dissectionSlide8
Da Vinci the Engineer
And most importantly – as an engineer
Made technical drawings/designs for machines way ahead of their timesSlide9
The Helicopter
It consisted of a flat platform with a screw running through it
Instead of rotor blades seen in modern helicopters
Had no real hope of actually taking flight
Inspired
Sikorsky -
“father of helicopters” to start building helicopters
Made first mass produced helicopter
Sketch of Leonardo’s
Ornithopter
Flying Machine Slide10
Sikorsky’s Helicopter
Igor Sikorsky
Vought-Sikorsky VS-300 – First mass produced helicopter
Similar concept – use of rotors instead of screws to generate liftSlide11
The Parachute
First modern conical parachute
Linen cloths supported by wooden polesSlide12
Testing of Leonardo’s Parachute
In 2000, Adrian Nicholas used the canvas/wood design set by Leonardo to make a parachute
Test jump from 10,000 feet was successful
Proved that Leonardo’s design worked!Slide13
Nikola Tesla
A Serbian scientist born in Austria [1856]
Trained as an electrical engineer
Immigrated to the US in 1884
Worked for Thomas Edison for a while
Completely redesigned its direct current generators
Later formed his own company and made numerous advances in physics, computer science, and robotics
Died in 1943 after a long mental illness
The unit for magnetic induction was named Tesla in his honorSlide14
The Invention of The Radio
Credit usually attributed
to
Marconi
Tesla’s patent upheld by SCOTUS after death
Used a high voltage resonance transformer [Tesla Coil] to propagate radio waves
And a rather bulky receiver consisting of a strong magnet, a long steel wire, and various other components (like an antenna)
Used innovation to pilot a mechanical radio-controlled boat Slide15
Other Achievements of Nikola Tesla
Developed AC current (alternating current)
Electric current can reverse direction
sinusoidally
Proved superior to DC
Transport electricity further at higher voltages
Used for domestic energy distribution
Developed induction motor
AC motorUses electromagnetic induction to get power to motor“Electromagnetic induction is the production of voltage across a conductor situated in a changing magnetic field or a conductor moving through a stationary magnetic field.”Slide16
Charles Algernon Parsons
Sir Charles Algernon Parsons was born in 1854
Graduated college with a degree in mathematics
Founded a company called C.A. Parsons and Company to market his invention of steam-turbines
Company is now part of Siemens
Died in 1931 in JamaicaSlide17
Achievements of Parsons
Primarily known for his invention of steam turbines
Uses pressurized steam to turn rotary blades producing energy
Showcased the capabilities of this technology in the
Turbina
, the first turbine-powered ship
Faster than any other ship at that time
Later used to power everything from locomotives to airplanes
Left: steam turbine
Right:
TurbinaSlide18
Achievements of Parsons Today
Today, 80 percent of world electricity production is done via a steam turbine driving a electric generator
Above: Generator powered by 3 steam turbines – 1000 MWSlide19
Alexander Graham Bell
Born in 1847 in Scotland
Had two other brothers who died of Tuberculosis
He immigrated to the US in the 1870 to establish a school for the deaf for the purpose of teaching them how to speak using special method set up by his father
One of the students was Helen Keller
Later abandoned the school to devote his full energy to the telephone
Died in 1922Slide20
The Telephone
Derived from Bell’s work on the harmonic telegraph
MAIN QUESTION: Can we use electric currents to represent sound waves?
ANSWER: YES
According to patent: the telephone was an "apparatus for transmitting vocal or other sounds telegraphically”
Sound was converted into waves that were then transmitted by wires
Alexander Bell speaking into a telephone prototypeSlide21
The Metal Detector
Developed the first metal detector
Device that detects metals by electromagnetic induction
Used to detect (unsuccessfully) the bullet lodged in President Garfield’s bodySlide22
Hydrofoil Boat
Bell with Casey Baldwin created first hydrofoil boat prototype
Based on the idea of hydroplanes
As speed of boat increases – hydrofoils lift boat steadily out of water – the hydrofoils generate lift
Allows the hydrofoil boat to reach amazing speeds
Created the Bell HD-4 that could reach speeds of 71 MPHSlide23
Questions