Extinguishing the Flames of Burnout through Pathoplasticity - PowerPoint Presentation

Extinguishing the Flames of Burnout through Pathoplasticity Susan G. Klappa PT, PhD ProfessorBriar Cliff UniversitySioux City, IA USAScott P. Klappa MSPOR LLC Emotional Wellness Mental Health Clinic Golden Valley, MN USA

Objectives At the end of this presentation, participants will be able to: Define burnout as a social phenomenon and its constructs.Describe the principle of pathoplasticity in behavior change.Compare constructs of burnout among physical therapists in various clinical and leadership positions. Explain strategies for diminishing burnout among physical therapists using the ICF model. Develop a personal plan for behavior change to mitigate aspects of burnout in clinical practice.

Burnout Defined1-12 Burnout (BO): Emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, & low feelings of personal accomplishment10Secondary Trauma Stress (STS): Residual stress of working with traumatized individuals 10 Compassion Fatigue (CF): Reduction in capacity to bear sufferings of others 10 Compassion Satisfaction (CS): Pleasure derived from doing work well & helping others 10 (Stamm, 2010)

Pathoplasticity Defined13-17 Pathoplasticity utilizes the influence of interpersonal traits of dominance, submissiveness, agreeableness, and quarrelsomeness in the treatment of various mental health disorders in order to develop social treatment methods complimenting the interpersonal style of those seeking assistance with mental health challenges.

Personality Theory1,17,19,20 Since the infancy of personality research there has been a great emphasis on individual personality traits until recently. 1,17The introduction of Pathoplasticity turns the focus from traditional traits like the “Big Five” and sheds new light on personality traits that are exercised in social settings from dyadic relationships, group interactions, and beyond.19 The traits of greatest interest rest on two orthogonal axes, the first being the Power Axis and the second being the Affiliation Axis . 20

Pathoplasticity & Behavior Change13-20 Pathoplasticity starts by focusing on the influence of interpersonal style in relation to presenting mental health disorders such as depression, anxiety disorders, and traumatic experiences in order to develop successful treatment strategies for those dealing with mental health challenges.Principles of pathoplasticity suggest that a tailored treatment strategy may better influence treatment outcomes . Treatment is often focused in a social setting consisting of at least two people, thus, it is imperative to know the style of communication and interaction that is best received by all individuals involved.

Burnout 21-25 in Physical Therapists

Burnout & Physical therapists23-25 Phase 1: Professional Quality of Life (ProQOL) Survey (Stamm & Hundall, 2010)Participants: 304 surveys DRW: n=90 (63 females, 27 males) NG: n=151 (112 females, 38 males) WPT: n=63 (39 females, 24 males) Phase 2: Phenomenological interviews Participants: 34 interviews DRW: n=15 (12 females, 3 males) NG: n=12 (12 females, 0 males) WPT: n=7 (4 females, 3 males)

Environmental Factors21-25 PTs, like other health care professionals, lacked an awareness of CF and its influence on carePreventative Factors = Better Patient CareHealthy life-work balanceMentorsColleague support

Personal Factors21-25 Personal Factors contributing to CF in PTsLack of adequate coping mechanismsBusy work schedulesProductivity

ICF Model: Strategies to Diminish Burnout26

Mitigating Effects of Burnout in Clinical Practice21-25 The GoodJournalingSocial NetworkingCreative Writing/Song Writing/DanceGiving PresentationsExercise, Mindfulness, YogaThe Bad Feeling bullied at work Feeling not valued at work or home Not eating or over eating The Ugly Drinking excessively Smoking Illegal drugs Unprotected sex outside committed relationships

Strategies from around the world21-28 Rigidity or chaos: Where are healthy strategies located?Hardiness or resilience?Strategies to transform oneself and the environment

Personality Traits & Behavior Change21-28 Looking inward: Personality assessmentSCOT Analysis: Strengths, Challenges, Opportunities, and ThreatsScanning the environment : Cultural and work challenges Mentors Spiritual counselors Peers who understand challenges Paid time off of work Benefits for difficult challenges

Conclusion By understanding the experience of PTs, we can better anticipate the support needed for these individuals as they engage in their caregiving careers. The importance of having social support at work and home cannot be underestimated.Pathoplasticity and the ICF Model provide a way to develop strategies for successful coping.

What is your personality type? Some ideas for learning more about your personality style: DISC Training: http://www.everythingdisc.com/everythingdiscpartners/EverythingDiSC-AssessmentPartnership-Bing.aspxStrength Finders: http:// www.strengthsfinder.com/home.aspx True Colors : https://truecolorsintl.com / How will you cope?

Thank you! Questions may be addressed to: Susan.klappa@briarcliff.edu

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References Klappa SG, Crocker R. Interprofessional collaborative practice during disaster relief work in Haiti: An ethnographic study. HPA PTJ PAL. 2013;13(4);J1-11.Klappa SG, Audette J, Do S. The role of physical and occupational therapists in disaster relief post-earthquake Haiti 2010. Disability and Rehabilitation . Early Online, May 2013. 35:1-9. ISSN 0963-8288. Print: 2014; 36(4):330–338. ISSN 0963-8288 print/ISSN 1464-5165 online. Klappa SG, Howayek R, Reed K, Scherbarth B, Klappa SP (2015). Compassion fatigue among new graduate physical therapists. Global Journal of Medicine, Physical and Health Education . September 2015; 3(4):100-111.

References Klappa SG, Crocker R, Hughes L, Thompson J, Klappa SP. Predicting compassion fatigue: A model for disaster relief workers. HPA PTJ PAL. January 2016;15(4 ):J1-J18 . Klappa SG, Fulton LE, Cerier L, Peña A, Sibenaller A, Klappa SP. Compassion fatigue among physiotherapist and physical therapists around the world. Global Journal of Medical, Physical and Health Education. October 2015; 3(5): 124-137. World Health Organization. International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF). http://www.who.int/classifications/icf/en/ Published July 22, 2016. Accessed October 20, 2016.

references Klappa SG, Fulton LE, Gregg J, Tollefson A, Van Praag E, Klappa SP. Physical therapist leaders: How gritty are they? Global Journal of Medical, Physical and Health Education. November 2015;3(6):138-151. Weidlich C, Ugarriza D. A pilot study examining the impact of care provider support program on resiliency, coping, and compassion fatigue in military care providers. Military Medicine . 2015;180(3): 290-295.