GERMS GERMS aka HARMFUL MICROBES GERMS aka HARMFUL MICROBES aka HARMFUL MICROORGANISMS GERMS aka HARMFUL MICROBES aka HARMFUL MICROORGANISMS ID: 571498
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Slide1
Why CAN’T we live forever????Slide2
GERMS!!!Slide3
GERMS aka
HARMFUL
MICROBES
!!!Slide4
GERMS
aka
HARMFUL
MICROBES aka
HARMFUL
MICRO-ORGANISMS
!!!Slide5
MICRO-ORGANISMS = MICROBES
BACTERIA
VIRUSES
PROTOZOA (
protists
)
some
FUNGI
some
PARASITESSlide6
MICRO-ORGANISMS = MICROBES
BACTERIA
VIRUSES
PROTOZOA (
protists
)
some
FUNGI
some
PARASITES
SOME CAN BE GOOD, SOME CAN BE BADSlide7
PATHOGENS = CONTAGIONS = GERMS = BAD MICROBES = BAD MICROORGANISMS
bad BACTERIA
bad VIRUSES
bad PROTOZOA (
protists
)
some
bad FUNGI
some
bad PARASITES
HARMFUL
HARMFUL
HARMFUL
HARMFUL
HARMFULSlide8
One of these are the smallest living
things…which one?
BACTERIA
VIRUSES
PROTOZOA (
protists
)
some
FUNGI
some
PARASITESSlide9
What is the smallest of all living
things?
BACTERIA
VIRUSES
PROTOZOA (
protists
)
some
FUNGI
some
PARASITESSlide10
Bacteria are SINGLE-CELLED
organisms that are
SMALLER THAN
OUR
BODY’S CELLS
.
How much smaller?
Check out an
e.coli
bacterium versus our red blood cell.
http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/begin/cells/scale
https://scaleofuniverse.com
/Slide11
the smallest living
thing
BacteriumSlide12
the smallest living
thing
Bacterium (1) Bacteria (many)
the smallest CELLSlide13
WHAT DO ALL CELLS DO? (from bacteria to our cells)
Bacterium (1) Bacteria (many)Slide14
CELL THEORY
ALL LIVING THINGS are
made of
CELLS.
ALL CELLS
arise from (come from) other
CELLS.
CELLS are the smallest STRUCTURE of life.
CELLS can carry out ALL FUNCTIONS of life.
Even 1- celled little microbes…
REMEMBER?Slide15
CELL THEORY
ALL LIVING THINGS are
made of
CELLS.
ALL CELLS
arise from (come from) other
CELLS.
CELLS are the smallest STRUCTURE of life.
CELLS can carry out ALL
FUNCTIONS
of life.
Even 1- celled little microbes…
REMEMBER?Slide16
ALL CELLS (all living things) must:
ABSORB & USE ENERGY… chemical energy of courseSlide17
ALL CELLS (all living things) must:
absorb & use energy to GROW…Slide18
ALL CELLS (all living things) must:
absorb & use energy to GROW &
REPRODUCE
…
stentor
budding…weird reproduction
https://
www.youtube.com/watch?v=FcCvhYmjaXESlide19
ALL CELLS (all living things) must
All
LIVING THINGS are
made of
CELLS.
All
CELLS
arise from (come from) other
CELLS.
CELLS are the smallest STRUCTURE of life.
A CELL can carry out ALL
FUNCTIONS
of life.
1)ABSORB & USE chemical ENERGY to 2)GROW &
3)REPRODUCE (sexually or asexually)
Even 1- celled little microbes…Slide20
WHAT MUST BACTERIA DO IN ORDER TO BE ALIVE?
Bacterium (1) Bacteria (many)
Just like ALL cells, BACTERIA GROW
REPRODUCE!
ABSORB & USE CHEMICAL ENERGY
!Slide21
Do you remember YOUR cell processes?
CELL FUNCTIONS
ORGANELLES INVOLVED
(cell part)
WHAT’S the PROCESS CALLED?
WHAT RESULTS?
ABSORB ENERGY
1.
2
.
macronutrients enter cell
USE CARBOHYDRATE ENERGY
GROW
1.
2
.
doubles-up the organelles
REPRODUCE
1.
2
.
nucleus & then cell splitSlide22Slide23
Simple BACTERIA work similar.
BACTERIA
CELL
FUNCTIONS
ORGANELLES INVOLVED
(cell part)
WHAT’S the PROCESS CALLED?
WHAT RESULTS?
ABSORB ENERGY
MEMBRANE
1.
OSMOSIS
2. DIFFUSION
macronutrients enter cell
USE CARBOHYDRATE ENERGY
GROW (proteins)
RIBOSOMES
PROTEIN SYNTHESIS
doubles-up the organelles
REPRODUCESlide24
Simple BACTERIA work similar.
BACTERIA
CELL
FUNCTIONS
ORGANELLES INVOLVED
(cell part)
WHAT’S the PROCESS CALLED?
WHAT RESULTS?
ABSORB ENERGY
MEMBRANE
1.
OSMOSIS
2. DIFFUSION
macronutrients enter cell
USE CARBOHYDRATE ENERGY
CYTOPLASM
ANAEROBIC
RESPIRATION (no oxygen needed)
Other CHEMICAL
ENERGY
GROW (proteins)
RIBOSOMES
PROTEIN SYNTHESIS
doubles-up the organelles
REPRODUCESlide25
Simple BACTERIA work similar.
BACTERIA
CELL
FUNCTIONS
ORGANELLES INVOLVED
(cell part)
WHAT’S the PROCESS CALLED?
WHAT RESULTS?
ABSORB ENERGY
MEMBRANE
1.
OSMOSIS
2. DIFFUSION
macronutrients enter cell
USE CARBOHYDRATE ENERGY
CYTOPLASM
ANAEROBIC
RESPIRATION (no oxygen needed)
Other CHEMICAL
ENERGY
GROW (proteins)
RIBOSOMES
loose DNA
PROTEIN SYNTHESIS
doubles-up the organelles
REPRODUCE
NO
NUCLEUS
BINARY
FISSION
CELL SPLITS FAST!Slide26
Bacteria are
SINGLE-CELLED
organisms that are
smaller than our body’s cells
.
How much smaller?
Check out an
e.coli
bacterium versus our red blood cell.
http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/begin/cells/scale
UNICELLULAR
EACH ONE a CELL
…
EACH ONE ALIVE
(but still communicating)Slide27
ONE GLASS of CLEAN, DRINKING WATER contains TEN MILLION HELPFUL BACTERIA!
These 10 million represent at least a COUPLE THOUSAND different SPECIES of bacteria.
Earth has
MILLIONS OF SPECIES of BACTERIA
,
)
T
hat slippery film
on the inside of an old
glass is mostly good
bacteria!Slide28
…Compared to us apes, there are only a handful of ape species (including us).Slide29
Of course, these bacteria can be pathogenic contagions too…
THIS IS JUST A
SHORT
LIST OF DIFFERENT BACTERIA THAT CAN BE FOUND JUST IN THE
HUMAN
BOWEL SYSTEM THAT CAN BE HARMFUL.Slide30
freaky fact of the day!Slide31
freaky fact of the day!Slide32
Earth has
MILLIONS OF SPECIES of bacteria
,
BUT
ONLY A HANDFUL of SHAPES
:
)Slide33
How long have we had BACTERIA on EARTH???
http://
www.cnn.com/videos/world/2017/03/01/earths-oldest-fossils.cnnSlide34
How long have we had BACTERIA on EARTH???
http://
www.cnn.com/videos/world/2017/03/01/earths-oldest-fossils.cnn
show vid…
Scientists
at the University College London say they have discovered
the remains of microorganisms in
Quebec, Canada
that are at least 3.77 billion years old. If they are proven to have a biological origin, they would be the oldest microfossils ever found.
The discovery comprises tiny filaments and tubes formed by bacteria that lived on iron,
They
were found in quartz layers in the
Nuvvuagittuq
Supracrustal
Belt in Quebec, Canada, which contains some of the Earth's oldest known sedimentary rocks, it said.
"Our discovery supports the idea that life emerged from hot, seafloor vents shortly after planet Earth
formed.“ --3/1/17Slide35
ABSOLUTE, RADIOACTIVE DATING SHOW BACTERIA have been on Earth over
3.7
BILLION
YEARS
!!
.
3.7 out of 4.5 billion years our Earth has had BACTERIA!Slide36
Bacteria are our most primitive
life
on our planet…
They’ve been on Earth for BILLIONS of years!
.
In contrast, HUMANS have been here only 0.0001 out of 4.5 billion years on Earth
wimpy, wimpy, wimpySlide37
BACTERIA: (3.7 / 4.5) x 100 =HUMANS: (0.0001 / 4.5) x 100 =
If we EVER find life on other planets, it’s no wonder why scientists think it will be BACTERIAL.
calcs
outSlide38
BACTERIA: (3.7 / 4.5) x 100 =
82% of EARTH HISTORY
HUMANS
: (0.0001 / 4.5) x 100 =
0.002% of EARTH HISTORY
If we EVER find life on other planets, it’s no wonder why scientists think it will be BACTERIAL.Slide39
Bacteria BY FAR are
the
most SUCCESSFUL LIFE
on our planet…
They’ve been on Earth
for BILLIONS of years
!
.
W
hy?
No WAY we can stop them all!!Slide40
Bacteria BY FAR are
the
most SUCCESSFUL LIFE
on our planet…
They’ve been on Earth
for BILLIONS of years
!
.
W
hy?
No WAY we can stop them all!!
IF
WE
TRY
TO STOP THEM,
WE
LOSE!Slide41
Why are
bacteria
MOST SUCCESSFUL
?
Slide42
Why are
bacteria
MOST SUCCESSFUL
?
Leave plenty of space between each number!Slide43
It takes us til we are teenagers before we can get pregnant (please don’t).And even then it takes 9 months for a baby to be born.
Under
IDEAL
conditions, bacteria can divide & split every 20 minutes!Slide44
If you started with just 10
teeny microbe bacteria, and they split every 20 minutes, how many will you have in just 5 hours?
Time
passed
# of
bacteria
BEGIN
10
:20
20
:40
40
1
HOUR
1:20
1:40
2 HRS
2:20
2:40
3 HRS
3:20
3:40
4
HRS
4:20
4:40
5 HRS
5:20
5:40Slide45
If you started with just 10 teeny microbe bacteria, and they split every 20 minutes, how many will you have in just 5 hours?
Time
passed
# of
bacteria
BEGIN
10
:20
20
:40
40
1
HOUR
80
1:20
160
1:40
320
2 HRS
2:20
2:40
3 HRS
3:20
3:40
4
HRS
4:20
4:40
5 HRS
5:20
5:40Slide46
If you started with just 10 teeny microbe bacteria, and they split every 20 minutes, how many will you have in just 5 hours?
Time
passed
# of
bacteria
BEGIN
10
:20
20
:40
40
1
HOUR
80
1:20
160
1:40
320
2 HRS
640
2:20
1,280
2:40
2,560
3 HRS
3:20
3:40
4
HRS
4:20
4:40
5 HRS
5:20
5:40Slide47
If you started with just 10 teeny microbe bacteria, and they split every 20 minutes, how many will you have in just 5 hours?
Time
passed
# of
bacteria
BEGIN
10
:20
20
:40
40
1
HOUR
80
1:20
160
1:40
320
2 HRS
640
2:20
1,280
2:40
2,560
3 HRS
5,120
3:20
10,240
3:40
20,480
4
HRS
4:20
4:40
5 HRS
5:20
5:40Slide48
If you started with just 10 teeny microbe bacteria, and they split every 20 minutes, how many will you have in just 5 hours?
Time
passed
# of
bacteria
BEGIN
10
:20
20
:40
40
1
HOUR
80
1:20
160
1:40
320
2 HRS
640
2:20
1,280
2:40
2,560
3 HRS
5,120
3:20
10,240
3:40
20,480
4
HRS
40,960
4:20
81,920
4:40
163,840
5 HRS
327,680
5:20
5:40Slide49
What did we get?
In just 5 hours, 10 bacteria turned into over 300,000 micro-organismsSlide50
How many bacteria can there be in 8 hours?
Time
passed
# of
bacteria
5 HOURS
327,680
5:20
5:40
6 HRS
6:20
6:40
7 HRS
7:20
7:40
8 HRSSlide51
How many bacteria can there be in 8 hours?
OVER 167 MILLION!
Time
passed
# of
bacteria
5 HOURS
327,680
5:20
5:40
6 HRS
2,621,440
6:20
6:40
7 HRS
7:20
7:40
8 HRS
>167 MILLIONSlide52
Why are
bacteria
MOST SUCCESSFUL
?
They reproduce
VERY
quickly.
Slide53
Why are
bacteria
MOST SUCCESSFUL
?
They reproduce
VERY
quickly.
What does this look like on a graph?Slide54
Bacteria can split (through _________ _______)
in 2 as fast as every 20 minutes!!!
Time:
every 20 minutes
Numb
e
r
of
b
a
c
t
e
r
i
a
1hr
2hrs
3hrs
4hrs
5
hrs
100K
300K
500K
700K
900K
1.1MSlide55
Bacteria can split
(through _________ _______)
as fast as every 20 minutes!!!
Time:
every 20 minutes
Numb
e
r
of
b
a
c
t
e
r
i
a
1hr
2hrs
3hrs
4hrs
5
hrs
100K
300K
500K
700K
900K
1.1M
DIVIDE in 2Slide56
Bacteria can split
(through _________ _______)
as fast as every 20 minutes!!!
Time:
every 20 minutes
Numb
e
r
of
b
a
c
t
e
r
i
a
1hr
2hrs
3hrs
4hrs
5
hrs
100K
300K
500K
700K
900K
1.1M
DOUBLESlide57
It’s hard to make a graph BIG enough to show that much growth!!!
Time:
every 20 minutes
Numb
e
r
of
b
a
c
t
e
r
i
a
1hr
2hrs
3hrs
4hrs
5
hrs
100K
300K
500K
700K
900K
1.1M
yikesSlide58
oh man, that’s crazy growth.Slide59
Why are
bacteria
MOST SUCCESSFUL
?
They reproduce
VERY
quickly!
hey can survive almost anything!
not through mitosis
HOW?Slide60
Why are
bacteria
MOST SUCCESSFUL?
They reproduce VERY quickly
!
BINARY FISSION
ey
can survive almost anything!Slide61
NUCLEAR FISSION like when at ATOM splits in two!
They reproduce qui
BINARY FISSION
They can survive almost anything!Slide62
Bacteria
split SIMPLY in two through
BINARY
fission.
y can survive almost anything!Slide63
Bacteria
split SIMPLY in two through
BINARY
fission (no nucleus-no mitosis).
y can survive almost anything!
Not SEXUAL, either.Slide64
Why are bacteria
MOST SUCCESSFUL
?
They reproduce VERY quickly.
BINARY FISSION
-
SUPERFAST
A
sexual
NO NUCLEUS-no mitosis
They can survive almost anything!Slide65
WHY
is BACTERIA BINARY FISSION so much
FASTER
than MITOSIS?
They reproduce quickly.
BINARY FISSION-
superfast asexual reproduction
They can survive almost anything!
They have lots of species, each genetically different.
Some work with us!Slide66
WHY is BACTERIA BINARY FISSION so
much
FASTER
than
MITOSIS?
They reproduce quickly.
BINARY FISSION-
superfast asexual reproduction
They can survive almost anything!
WHAT ARE BACTERIA MISSING?Slide67
WHY is BACTERIA BINARY FISSION so
much
FASTER
than
MITOSIS?
They reproduce quickly.
BINARY FISSION-
superfast asexual reproduction
They can survive almost anything!
LOOK MA! NO NUCLEUS!Slide68
WHY is BACTERIA BINARY FISSION so
much
FASTER
than
MITOSIS?
They reproduce quickly.
BINARY FISSION-
superfast asexual reproduction
They can survive almost anything!
NO NUCLEUS!Slide69
REMEMBER: WHAT RHYMES WITH “NO”???Slide70
BACTERIA are PROkaryotic
NO nucleus creatures!
PRO
karyote
cells have
NO
nucleus!Slide71
or cilia
on someSlide72
or cilia
on some
PROKARYOTESlide73
Why are
bacteria
MOST SUCCESSFUL
?
They reproduce VERY quickly.
BINARY FISSION
-
superfast
A
sexual divide
NO
NUCLEUS-no
mitosis
PRO
KARYOTE
cell
means
NO
NUCLEUS
They can survive almost anything!
http://www.biology4kids.com/files/micro_prokaryote.htmlSlide74
bacteria growth worksheet…