PPT-C ondition in which the body’s own immunologically competent cells or antibodies act

Paul Ehrlich had first introduced the concept of autoimmunity he termed this condition as horror autotoxicus AUTOIMMUNITY Normally immune system does not react to its own antigens due to a protective mechanism called tolerance . BLOOD……. White blood cells. Red blood cells. A LITTLE HISTORY . DISCOVERED IN 1900 at the University of Vienna by. Karl Landsteiner in the process of trying to learn why. blood transfusions sometimes cause death and other. The . First. Line of Defence:. Primarily physical defence. Includes:. - . The Skin. . - Lysozymes . . . (antimicrobial enzymes in tears, sweat, saliva, & mucous). . - . Mucous and Cilia in Respiratory Tract. Blood. What Exactly is BLOOD??. Fluid portion of blood= PLASMA. Primarily water and is 55% of the blood. Suspended in the plasma are solid materials, mostly types of cells: red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. Menu. Progression of HIV to AIDS without treatment. 3. 10. Years. Menu. Human body defense system. CD4 . are . permanent . defense . elements. 700 to 1000 . CD4 . cells. /Ml in a normal . person. CD4. Immune System. organs . and tissues that work together to protect the body from infection. Immune System. includes skin, white blood cells, and special proteins called antibodies. White Blood Cells. immune . BCH 462 [practical]. 2. nd. lab. Overall Transformation Process . The plasmid vector must be cut with restriction endonuclease.. DNA ligase joins the DNA fragment and vector. . Host cell is made competent to take up the .  . How our immune system works. Our body’s immune system works to protect us from foreign agents trying to enter our bodies.. Immunity is the body’s capability to repel foreign substances, pathogens and cancer cells. BCH 462 [practical]. 2. nd. lab. DNA cloning. involve: “cell based” . 1.. Insertion of DNA fragments in to a cloning vector ”e.g. plasmid”.. 2.. Introducing a vector in to bacterial cells ” the host”.. Siguna. Mueller, . M.Sc., . PhD . (Mathematics),. PhD . student in BMS, . Fellow UW EE Nanotechnology, . University of Wyoming. Adapted from . Drs. Jennifer Doherty and Ingrid Waldron, Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania. H. ave . O. ne . W. ithout . T. he Other. 1. If you damage one system, you may damage several like smoking which irritates the lungs and also destroys the cells of the immune system. Body Systems Work Together. Purpose of the Immune System . Protect from internal attacks from . abnormal body cells . (cancerous cells). Protect from . external pathogens. Can enter the body through any systems that have openings on the exterior of the body. . Abul K. . Abbas . UCSF. FOCiS. 2. Lecture outline. Functions of antibodies. B cell activation; the role of helper T cells in antibody production . Therapeutic targeting of B cells . 3. Humoral. immunity is the defense mechanism against extracellular microbes . Pathogens . Any organism that causes disease in another.. Most pathogens have to get inside our body to spread infection. Once they are inside, the body provides ideal living conditions - plenty of food, water and warmth. Standing in their way is our body's . Chapter 43 - Immune System. Chapter 44 - Osmoregulation. 1. Chapter 42 . Circulation and Gas Exchange. 2. Circulation in Animals. Diffusion not sufficient for transport of substances (oxygen, carbon dioxide, glucose, etc) because it is too slow; therefore transport systems that can move substances in bulk are necessary.