Presentations text content in HAZARD & RISK
Slide1
HAZARD & RISK
Slide2How would you define the terms hazard and risk?
A
hazard
is a source of danger which can be defined as “a condition or situation that exists in the work environment that could result in physical harm, injury and/ or damage”.
Risk
relates to exposure to the danger and is defined as “the probability of any injury or loss occurring from the hazard”.
Slide3TYPES OF HAZARDS
Slide4Can you give me some examples of a visible hazard?
Untidy
Working area
Missing machine guards
Broken or damaged ladders
Slippery surface.
Slide5Can you give me some examples of a hidden hazard?
Toxic/asphyxiating gases
Vapors inside a confined space
Emission from a radioactive source
Slide6Can you give some examples of a developing hazard?”
Building and structural damage due to vibration or moisture
Corrosion and weathering of metal components
Exposure to constant noise which is above the recommended levels
Abnormal wear and tear on critical parts of machinery, plant and equipment
Deterioration from ultra-violet radiation or chemical reaction
Slide7Working at Heights
Slide8Operatives not wearing safety helmets
No edge protection to roof nothing to stop materials falling offRoof ladder not long enoughAccess ladder tied to gutterLadder leaning on gutterAccess ladder too shortManual handlingUnprotected skylightOperative kneeling on fragile roof materialsOperative not wearing sensible clothingLoose tools in bag liable to fall out onto persons belowCarrying tools up ladder. Only one hand available to steady operative on the ladderNo safe access onto roof
Working at Heights
Slide9Ground Excavations
Slide10Ground Excavations
No ladder or safe access
Operatives not wearing safety helmetsTimbering inadequate to safety support the sides of the excavationCable crossing excavation both unprotected and unsupportedEdges of excavation unsafe and breaking awaySome wedges used to tighten up timbering missingNo securing pins in screw jackOperatives not wearing correct safety footwear Operative climbing on screw jackBoard incorrectly toed inSpoil heap in dangerous positionSoil slipping between trench supportsUnwedged strut across excavationCan of fuel incorrectly stored
Slide11Lifting Operations
Slide12No safety clip on crane hook
Shackle between crane hook and sling ringKnot in right-hand slingAngle between legs of sling too wideInsecure slinging method, chain too near end of load. Is load secure?Spare sling legs not hooked backLoad off levelWhat is SWL of sling?Signaller not wearing safety helmetCorrect hand signals not being usedAdjacent excavation not guardedOutrigger of crane too near to edge of trench on unstable groundTag rope not being usedDriver cannot see signalerNails in timber sticking upSpoil heap causing possible trip hazardSpoil heap sited too close to edge of excavation
Lifting Operations
Slide13CATEGORIES OF HAZARDS
Slide14Does anyone know the 6 general categories of hazards?
Physical (noise, vibration, temperature)
Chemical /Substances
(exposure to cyanide, acids, caustic soda, lead)
Ergonomic ( work area layout, equipment design, instrument layout)
Radiation (ultraviolet exposure from the sun or welding, infra-red from drying or heating processes)
Biological (viruses, bacteria, parasites)
Psychological (work load, shift arrangement, workplace violence)
Slide15ASSESSING THE RISK
Slide16“Does anyone remember the definition of risk?”
RISK
relates to exposure to a danger and is defined as “the probability of any injury or loss occurring from the hazard”
Slide17What would be an example in each category?
Some
Consequences of
high risk
examples would be:
Loss of life
Permanent disability
Loss of body part
Extensive loss of structure, equipment or material
Slide18“What would be an example in each category?” cont..
Some
Consequences of
medium risk
examples would be:
Serious injury or illness that results in a temporary disability
Property damage that is disruptive but less severe
than
a high risk hazard
Slide19“What would be an example in each category?” cont..
Some
Consequences of
Low
risk
examples would be:
Minor, on-disabling
injury or illness
Non-disruptive property damage
Slide20DEALING WITH HAZARDS
Slide21EliminationReplacementIsolation Control (work permits )Personal Protective EquipmentDisciplines (Procedures, work instruction )
Can
anyone suggest what these are
?
Slide22How can we, as individuals, help to eliminate hazards and protect ourselves and others?
Clean up after the job
Store and stack items correctly
Post hazard warning signs
Barricade the work area if a short term hazard exists
eg
welding /excavation
Operate equipment correctly
Follow the specified safe work procedures
Not walk away from a hazard – fix or report it
Slide23SUMMARY
During the talk we have discussed how to:Identify different types of hazardsCategorize hazardsAssess the risk associated with hazardsEliminate hazard
Slide24How do I develop a Task Hazard analysis for a critical job
Divide the task into sequences of basic steps.
Hazard Identification – Identify all potential hazards in each basic step .
Slide25Consequences Categories 5MajorCausing death to one or more people. Loss or damage is such that it could cause serious business disruption (e.g. major fire, explosion or structural damage). Loss/ damage in excess of a financial value4SeverCausing permanent disability. (e.g. loss of limb, sight or hearing). Loss/ damage in excess of a financial value.3Significant Causing temporary disability. (e.g. fractures). Loss/ damage in excess of a financial value.2MinorCausing significant injuries. (e.g. sprain, bruises, and lacerations). Loss/ damage in excess of a financial value e.g. damage to fixtures and fittings.1SlightCausing minor injuries. (e.g. cuts, scratches). No lost time likely other than for first aid treatment. Loss/ damage in excess of a financial value e.g. superficial damage to interior decorations.
Estimate the consequence or severity of the event
How do I develop a Task Hazard analysis for a critical job
Slide26Likelihood Categories 5CertainAbsence of any management controls. If conditions remains unchanged there is almost 100% certainty that an accident will happen. (e.g. broken rung on a ladder, live exposed electrical conductor, and untrained personnel).4ProbableSerious failures in management controls. The effect of human behavior or other factors could cause an accident but is unlikely without this additional factor (e.g. ladder not secured properly, oil spilled on floor, poor trained personnel).3PossibleInsufficient or substandard controls in place. Loss is unlikely during normal operation, however it may occur in emergencies or non routine conditions (e.g. keys left in forklift trucks; obstructed gangways; refresher training required).2likelyThe situation is generally well managed, however occasional lapses could occur. This also applies to situations where people are required to behave safely in order to protect themselves but are well trained.1ImprobableLoss, accident or illness could only occur under exceptional conditions. The situation is well managed and all reasonable precautions have been taken. Ideally, this should be the normal state of the workplace.
Determine the Likelihood or probability of event occurring
Slide27How do I develop a Task Hazard analysis for a critical job
Evaluate the Risk- Likelihood X Severity
Certain
5
10
15
20
25
Probable
4
8
12
16
20
Possible
3
6
9
12
15
Improbable
2
4
6
8
10
Negligible
1
2
3
4
5
LIKELIHOOD
SEVERITY
Slight
Minor
Significant
Severe
Major
Slide28How do I develop a Task Hazard analysis for a critical job
Risk Management – by setting control measures.
Re
evaluate the risk after control measures.
Slide29ANY QUESTIONS
THANKS
HAZARD & RISK
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