PPT-Hypothesis Testing

Chapter 9 BA 201 Hypothesis Testing The null hypothesis denoted by H 0 is a tentative assumption about a population parameter The alternative hypothesis denoted by . Hypothesis. testing. The process of making judgments about a large group (population) on the basis of a small subset of that group (sample) is known as statistical inference.. Hypothesis testing, one of two fields in statistical inference, allows us to objectively assess the probability that statements about a population are true. . Statistics. Terms. Null hypothesis. – The claim being assessed in a hypothesis test is called the null hypothesis. . Usually, the null hypothesis is a statement of “no change from the traditional value,” “no effect,” “no difference,” or “no relationship.” . STAT 250. Dr. Kari Lock Morgan. SECTION 4.3. Significance level (4.3). Statistical conclusions (4.3). p-value and H. 0. If the p-value is small, then a statistic as extreme as that observed would be unlikely if the null hypothesis were true, providing significant evidence against H. +. Probability. Seminar 6. A difficult mock question for mid-term. Plot . the following graph. People . who use Facebook only (but not Twitter) are generally happier than those who use Twitter only (but not Facebook). This . Ho - this hypothesis holds that if the data deviate from the norm in any way, that deviation is due strictly to chance.. Alternative hypothesis. Ha - the data show something important.. Doing decision = accept/reject Ho (the decision centers around null hypothesis). Test of hypothesis - Test whether a population parameter is less than, equal to, or greater than a specified value.. Remember an inference without a measure of reliability is little more than a guess.. nd. type of formal statistical inference. Our goal is to assess the evidence provided by data from a sample about some claim concerning the population.. Remember: We are asking ourselves “What would happen if we repeated the sample or the experiment many times?”. Writing a Hypothesis. Quick Questions. What do we remember about testable questions?. What is a hypothesis?. What do hypotheses have in common with testable questions?. How do we write a hypothesis?. What is hypothesis testing?. A statistical hypothesis is an assumption about a population parameter. This assumption may or may not be true. . The best way to determine whether a statistical hypothesis is true would be to examine the entire population. Since that is often impractical, researchers typically examine a random sample from the population. . Q. uestion. R. andom guess. Observation. Experiment. Your mom. A . hypothesis is:. A . tentative explanation . for an observation or a scientific problem that can be tested by further investigation. . Q. uestion. R. andom guess. Observation. Experiment. Your mom. A . hypothesis is:. A . tentative explanation . for an observation or a scientific problem that can be tested by further investigation. . A nuclear power plant adjacent to a residential area. STATISTICS FOR BUSINESS. (Hypothesis testing for a single population). A nuclear power plant. adjacent to a residential area. Two . local . residents die . Frances Chumney, PhD CONTENT OUTLINE  Logic of Hypothesis Testing  Error & Alpha  Hypothesis Tests  Effect Size  Statistical Power HYPOTHESIS TESTING 2 HYPOTHESIS TESTING LOGIC OF HYPOT I. Terms, Concepts. A. In general, we do not know the true value of population parameters - they must be estimated. However, we do have hypotheses about what the true values are. B. The major