words are words you use to connect sentences or parts of sentences By using linking words you express yourself more clearly and the reader finds it ID: 332499
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Linking
words
are
words
you
use
to
connect
sentences
or parts of
sentences. By using linking words you express yourself more clearly and the reader finds it easier to understand your ideas. The more formal the text is the more linking words are required. Here is a list of useful linking words you can use:* Must be followed by a noun, a pronoun or an ”ing-form” verb.
Group 1 –
Result
linkers (”so”)ThereforeThat is whyFor this/that reasonConsequentlyhence
Group 2 –
Reason/Cause
linkers
(”
because
”, ”as”)
Since
As a
result
of*
In
view
of*
Because
of*
Due
to*
Owing
to*
Thanks
to*Slide7
*
These
are just a
few
examples
of linking
words
. Ask your
teacher
for
more!*These linkers should be followed by a comma if they come at the beginning of a statement. Sometimes if they come in the middle of a sentence, we put commas both before and after.
Group 3 –
Concessive
linkers (”but”)ThoughEven thoughAlthoughWhileWhilst
Wheras
YetIn spite of*Despite*
Group 4 –
Other
linkers
*
Above
all
On the
whole
Nevertheless
However
In
fact
Still/even
so
Otherwise
On the
one
hand
On the
other
hand
At the same time
Moreover
What
is
more
In addition
Besides
Apart from
HardlySlide8
Tip!
Do not
confuse
:
What’s
more
,
moreover
and
in additionwithBesides What’s more, moreover and in addition add extra information. Example: I reckon this is the car I should buy as it’s cheap enough and not really so old. What’s more, it’s just been re-sprayed. Besides adds another argument that is shown as being stronger than the other
ones
mentioned. Example: I reckon this is the car i should
buy as it’s not so old, and it’s just been re-sprayed. Besides, it’s the only one I can afford
. Note that
besides can also be used as a preposition, in which
case
it must
take
an
ing-form
verb.
Example: Besides having
the right
price
,
what
attracted
me
to the
car
was
its
new
re-spray
. Slide9
Try to learn
as
many
linking
words
as
possible
!
Use
them
in writing as well as speaking. This will help you improve your English instantly. The more you force yourself to write academically with advanced language, the more natural it will come to you and in the end you will not even think about it! Have a look at the following two sentences:She felt weak after her illness, but she
turned up for the exam
and managed to pass. She felt weak
after her illness; nevertheless, she turned up for the exam and managed to pass. Which one looks more
professional to you?Slide10Slide11Slide12Slide13
Spelling is important so that a reader can process the communication as quickly and easily as possible
.
What happens if you don’t spell correctly?
Have a look at the “spell checker” here ->
*Source unknown Slide14Slide15
A
common
argument from students is ”I
don’t
know
what
to
write
– I
have no imagination” Tips!Look around yourself – what in your immediate field of vision can trigger your imagination?Can you think of related things that have happened recently to yourself or anyone you know?Is the given topic something that does not interest you in any way? Why?Strategies
: brainstorming or clustering!Slide16
ESPEE
SPAIN
Food
Flamenco
Warm
climate
Sangría
Football
Siesta
Paella
Gazpacho
Tortilla
española
Barça
Real MadridSlide17
Source:
http://www.flickr.com/photos/tomgauld/3397589927/
(Tom
Gauld
)Slide18
Write
a story
about
anything
.
Use
one
of the
phrases
below to start off your text. Try to use as many linking words as possible. In a normal situation you might not use as many in one place, but this is for practicing, so that you get used to using them. The day I found… My great grandfather always used to say…When she opened the refrigerator… After three years of
searching ge finally
…Slide19
Source:
http://www.flickr.com/photos/jbleith/3803599149/
Slide20
RMIT University,
http://www.dlsweb.rmit.edu.au/lsu/content/4_WritingSkills/00writingskills.htm
(A great page with lots of tips!)
http://www.dailywritingtips.com/
http://www.meredithsuewillis.com/writingexercises.html
Slide21