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AP Psychology AP Psychology

AP Psychology - PowerPoint Presentation

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AP Psychology - PPT Presentation

SocialCognitive Theories Socialcognitive perspective emphasized the interaction of cognitive behavioral environmental and learning factors which affect personality How do your thoughts behaviors amp environment influence your personality ID: 620186

social cognitive control perspective cognitive social perspective control personality situation behavior bandura learned thoughts helplessness efficacy seligman aggression human sense martin test

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Presentation Transcript

Slide1

AP Psychology

Social-Cognitive Theories Slide2

Social-cognitive perspective emphasized the

interaction

of cognitive, behavioral, environmental and learning factors, which affect personality.How do your thoughts, behaviors & environment influence your personality?

Social-cognitive perspectiveSlide3

Perspective stating that understanding personality involves considering the

situation and thoughts before, during, and after an

eventSocial-Cognitive Perspective Albert Bandura (1925- )Slide4

Social Cognitive differs from Humanistic & Psychoanalytic Perspectives in Three Ways:

It relies heavily on experimental findings

It emphasizes conscious, self-regulating behaviorIt emphasizes that our sense of self (personality) can vary

, depending on our thoughts, feelings, and behaviors in a given situation.Slide5

The Social-Cognitive Perspective:

Interacting with Our Environment

Albert BanduraSlide6

Reciprocal determinism

- explains personality

is the result of behavioral, cognitive, and environmental factorsAccording to Bandura, personality is influenced by:Thoughts (cognition), The way a person acts (behavior), The environment one grows up in.

Social Cognitive Perspective

Key TermsSlide7

Reciprocal DeterminismSlide8

Self-efficacy

the beliefs or opinions a person has about him or herself, also influence personality. The thought of “I think I can” would positively affect the way a person acts when performing a task or activitySocial Cognitive PerspectiveKey TermsSlide9

The sense that one can control the outcome of one

s environmentWe develop this in childhood but it continues as a lifelong process.Self-Efficacy-Acquisition

Performance Outcomes

Self-Modeling

Verbal

Encouragment

Emotional State

Development of Self-Efficacy

Behavior and PerformanceSlide10

We

develop new behaviors and strengthen our self-efficacy by

observing others and through mastery experiences.Different from Self-Esteem which is more global – How you feel about yourself in overall.

Self-

Efficacy-StrengthsSlide11

The Social-Cognitive Perspective:

Personal Control

Julian Rotter and Martin SeligmanSlide12

Rotter believed that learning results in

expectancies

, which are our expectations of the outcome of a situation. Julian Rotter—expectancy theory

These expectancies guide behavior

Example: personal effort, through what we think is going to happen- this can also be influenced by our sense of control in a situationSlide13

The perception that chance, or

forces

beyond a person’s control, control one’s fateThe expectation to fail because you did not write the test, or don’t know what is going to be on the test

External Locus of ControlSlide14

The perception that

we control our own

fateYou control how long and how much you study, resulting in the expectation that you can pass the test

Internal Locus of ControlSlide15

Seligman

believed that learned helplessness results when people who repeatedly attempt something and continuously fail will eventually give upMartin Seligman

--

Learned

helplessness

Slide16

Martin Seligman studied dogs that were unable to escape a painful stimulus and eventually stopped trying to escape.

Learned HelplessnessSlide17

Learned HelplessnessSlide18

The Social-Cognitive Perspective:

Evaluating the

PerspectiveSlide19

Evaluation of Social Cognitive Perspective

Well-grounded

in empirical, laboratory researchHowever, laboratory experiences are rather simple and may not reflect the complexity of human interactionsIgnores the influences of unconscious, emotions, conflicts instead placing responsibility of behavior firmly on ourselves.Slide20

Freud

Human aggression is a universal unconscious instinct controlled by the superego and restraints of society.Bandura

All

behavior is driven by

conscious

goals and motives.

Aggression

is the result of a deliberate, rational choice in a particular situation.

Freud vs. Bandura on

Human Aggression