PPT-Extinction and Endangerment

Modern Extinctions In the tropical Pacific 154 species mostly birds of large size those that nested on the ground and those that were flightless were the first casualties Boyer 2008 2009 In . ASTR 1420. Lecture. 9. Sections : 4.6, 6.4, 11.3. Mass Extinctions in the Earth History. Mass Extinctions. Check . http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_event. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mass_extinction. Overview. Extinctions are as important in the history of life as are the evolution of new species. Explaining extinctions is just as challenging a scientific question as explaining the evolution of new species. Frode Svartdal. . University. of . Tromsø. . Oct. 2013. Extinction: Basics. Extinction is defined in terms of a reinforcement process. Extinction contingencies. The . stimulus. (S. R. or US) is discontinued. (. Pavlovian. & Instrumental). Learning, Psychology 3510. Fall, 2016. Professor Delamater. Extinction: Procedure & Process. The extinction procedure refers to the removal of reward, when it previously occurred.. ASTR 1420. Lecture . 9. Sections : 4.6, 6.4, 11.3. Mass Extinctions in the Earth History. Mass extinction . (a.k.a. extinction event) : is a sharp decrease in the number of species in a relatively short period of time.. 1. Original Petition for Rulemaking 1999.. 2. Denied by Bush EPA in 2003.. 3. Denial upheld by DC Circuit in 2005.. 4. Reversed by Supreme Court in . Massachusetts v. EPA . in 2007.. EPA ordered to make a finding, one way or the other.. Remember. Operant conditioning extinction differs from classical conditioning extinction. During extinction, responding decreases to baseline levels for both classical and operant conditioning. BUT: Operantly conditioned behavior shows:. Outline . Effects of Extinction Procedures. Decreased responding. Increased variability in responding. Extinction of Original Learning. Spontaneous Recovery. Renewal of Original Excitatory Conditioning. Rarity vs. endangerment and the role of environmental scale, genetics, dispersal barriers and range limits.. Excerpt from: . Endangered Species, Provincialism and a continental approach to Bird Conservation. By lizzie rogers. Chapter 1 : Animal cards. felines. Animal card 1 : Amur Leopard . Animal class : feline . Reason for endangerment : Habitat destruction, degradation and poaching . Food diet : . roe deer, red deer, musk deer, sika deer, wild boar, hares, badgers . Essential Questions. What is extinction?. Which species have become extinct in modern times? . What are the characteristics of past mass extinctions? . How do modern extinction rates compare with natural (background) rates?. Background vs. Mass Extinction. Background extinction. = species gradually and continuously go extinct, creating a turnover of species through time.. Background extinction and mass extinction. 0. 600. Good progress:. Define the term extinction. Explain how extinction may be caused.. Outstanding progress:. Explain that organisms become extinct because something changes and the species cannot adapt quickly enough to the new circumstances.. Behavior. Effects of Extinction Procedures. Response Recovery after Extinction. Enhancing Extinction Performance. “Paradoxical” Reward Effects in Extinction. Extinction Procedures. Classical Conditioning: .