PPT-4.2.2-.4 Causes of Extinction

EXTINCT is FOREVER Nonhuman causes of extinction Volcanic events Ocean temperature change Sea level changes Meteorites Glaciations Global climate change Competitionpredation Human causes of extinctionloss of biodiversity HIPPO. Species Richness and the Extinction Crisis. How many species are there?. Species richness . – the total number of species in an area.. 5-10 million is best guess, but may be anywhere from 3-100 million.. ASTR 1420. Lecture. 9. Sections : 4.6, 6.4, 11.3. Mass Extinctions in the Earth History. Mass Extinctions. Check . http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_event. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mass_extinction. AP Environmental Science. Mr. Grant. Lesson . 38. Objectives:. Define . the terms . extinction. , . extirpation. and . mass extinction. .. Contrast . background extinction rates and periods of mass extinction.. Frode Svartdal. . University. of . Tromsø. . Oct. 2013. Extinction: Basics. Extinction is defined in terms of a reinforcement process. Extinction contingencies. The . stimulus. (S. R. or US) is discontinued. The Sixth Mass Extinction. Essential Questions. What is extinction?. Which species have become extinct in modern times? . What are the characteristics of past mass extinctions? . How do modern extinction rates compare with natural (background) rates?. Objectives:. Define the terms . extinction. , . extirpation. and . mass extinction. .. Contrast background extinction rates and periods of mass extinction.. Evaluate the primary causes of biodiversity loss.. Reconsolidation of . Amygdala. -Based Fear Memories: . A Newly Discovered Mechanism and its Implications for Exposure. Stefan G. Hofmann, Ph.D.. Michael W. Otto, Ph.D.. Elizabeth A. Phelps, Ph.D.. Bradford C. Richards, Ph.D.. Modern Extinctions. In the tropical Pacific, 154 species, mostly birds of large size, those that nested on the ground, and those that were flightless were the first casualties (Boyer 2008, 2009). In . 1) Geological Time Scale. 2) Major Episodes in History of Life. 3) Extinctions and Radiations. Today. ’. s OUTLINE:. Geology plays an Important role in Evolutionary Thinking. Patterns of extinctions and evolutionary change in the fossil record were among the main influences on. Remember. Operant conditioning extinction differs from classical conditioning extinction. During extinction, responding decreases to baseline levels for both classical and operant conditioning. BUT: Operantly conditioned behavior shows:. Pedro J Marenco. Bryn Mawr College Department of Geology. End . Cretaceous . Mass Extinction. End Permian Mass Extinction. The Big 5 Mass Extinctions. (modified from . Alroy. , 2010). End Permian. End Triassic. Background vs. Mass Extinction. Background extinction. = species gradually and continuously go extinct, creating a turnover of species through time.. Background extinction and mass extinction. 0. 600. . . . Species. . A. . group of living organisms consisting of similar individuals capable of exchanging genes or interbreeding. .. Speciation. . It.  is the . evolutionary.  process by which populations evolve to become distinct . Behavior. Effects of Extinction Procedures. Response Recovery after Extinction. Enhancing Extinction Performance. “Paradoxical” Reward Effects in Extinction. Extinction Procedures. Classical Conditioning: .