PPT-Biodiversity Loss and Species Extinction

AP Environmental Science Mr Grant Lesson 38 Objectives Define the terms extinction extirpation and mass extinction Contrast background extinction rates and periods of mass extinction. What is Biodiversity?. All living things in a food web are connected.. If the numbers of one species are affected it affects the numbers of all other species in the food web.. If the numbers of baboons decreased then this would affect every other living things in the food web.. EXTINCT is FOREVER!!. Non-human causes of extinction:. Volcanic events. Ocean temperature change. Sea level changes. Meteorites. Glaciations. Global climate change. Competition/predation. Human causes of extinction/loss of biodiversity - HIPPO. Objectives:. Define the terms . extinction. , . extirpation. and . mass extinction. .. Contrast background extinction rates and periods of mass extinction.. Evaluate the primary causes of biodiversity loss.. By . Vaibhavi Apte. Biodiversity ???. Diversity = variety. Bio= living. Thus, variability among living organisms from all sources including inter alia, terrestrial, marine & other aquatic ecosystems and ecological complexes of which they are part of. . The Species Approach. Chapter 9. Core Case Study: . The Passenger Pigeon: Gone Forever. Once the most numerous bird on earth.. In 1858, Passenger Pigeon hunting became a big business.. By 1900 they became extinct from over-harvest and habitat loss.. The Species Approach. Chapter 9. Core Case Study: The Passenger Pigeon: Gone Forever. Passenger pigeon hunted to extinction by 1900. Commercial hunters used a "stool pigeon”. Geological record shows five mass extinctions. Remember. Operant conditioning extinction differs from classical conditioning extinction. During extinction, responding decreases to baseline levels for both classical and operant conditioning. BUT: Operantly conditioned behavior shows:. What is biodiversity?. Bio = life. Diversity = differences among organisms. Biodiversity. = the variety of living organisms found in an area. Where can you find biodiversity?. Biodiversity varies around the world:. Zebra Mussel . Species Introduction. “Introduced . species are species that have become able to survive and reproduce outside the habitat where they evolved or spread . naturally.” . -. United States Environmental Protection Agency. The Species Approach. Core Case Study: Polar Bears and . Global Warming. Polar Bears. 20,000-25,000 . in the . Arctic. Most calories in winter from seals on sea . ice. Environmental impact on polar bears. Good progress:. Define the term extinction. Explain how extinction may be caused.. Outstanding progress:. Explain that organisms become extinct because something changes and the species cannot adapt quickly enough to the new circumstances.. Extinction . When an organism is classed as extinct there are no living members of that species left. Extinction is a natural process where organisms that are less suited to an environment die out. Throughout the history of earth there have been several mass extinction events . Biodiversity at regional level is better understood by categorizing species richness into four types. . Whittaker (1972). described three terms for measuring biodiversity over spatial scales: . alpha, beta, and gamma diversity. Where did all these species come from?. Can new species form?. How do humans effect biodiversity?. How do we prevent extinction?. Why is it important to have so many different species? (in other words, what roles do they play in an ecosystem?.