PPT-Introduction and Extinction of Species in an Eco System

Zebra Mussel Species Introduction Introduced species are species that have become able to survive and reproduce outside the habitat where they evolved or spread naturally United States Environmental Protection Agency. ASTR 1420. Lecture. 9. Sections : 4.6, 6.4, 11.3. Mass Extinctions in the Earth History. Mass Extinctions. Check . http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_event. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mass_extinction. Overview. Extinctions are as important in the history of life as are the evolution of new species. Explaining extinctions is just as challenging a scientific question as explaining the evolution of new species. Frode Svartdal. . University. of . Tromsø. . Oct. 2013. Extinction: Basics. Extinction is defined in terms of a reinforcement process. Extinction contingencies. The . stimulus. (S. R. or US) is discontinued. The Sixth Mass Extinction. Essential Questions. What is extinction?. Which species have become extinct in modern times? . What are the characteristics of past mass extinctions? . How do modern extinction rates compare with natural (background) rates?. EXTINCT is FOREVER!!. Non-human causes of extinction:. Volcanic events. Ocean temperature change. Sea level changes. Meteorites. Glaciations. Global climate change. Competition/predation. Human causes of extinction/loss of biodiversity - HIPPO. Objectives:. Define the terms . extinction. , . extirpation. and . mass extinction. .. Contrast background extinction rates and periods of mass extinction.. Evaluate the primary causes of biodiversity loss.. Modern Extinctions. In the tropical Pacific, 154 species, mostly birds of large size, those that nested on the ground, and those that were flightless were the first casualties (Boyer 2008, 2009). In . (. Pavlovian. & Instrumental). Learning, Psychology 3510. Fall, 2016. Professor Delamater. Extinction: Procedure & Process. The extinction procedure refers to the removal of reward, when it previously occurred.. The rise and fall of biodiversity. Four major mass extinctions of marine organisms:. End of Silurian Devonian, Permian, and Cretaceous). Rise in diversity during Cambrian, Silurian, Cretaceous, and Paleogene. Steve Ward, MA, BCBA. Whole Child Consulting, LLC. www.wholechildconsulting.com. http://. www.facebook.com. /. wholechildconsulting. Escape behavior is a problem. Escape/avoidance is the most common function of SIB (38.1%) (Iwata, et al, 1994). Remember. Operant conditioning extinction differs from classical conditioning extinction. During extinction, responding decreases to baseline levels for both classical and operant conditioning. BUT: Operantly conditioned behavior shows:. n. Locally and Globally. E. NVR Senior Seminars. Fall 2013. The ENVR Senior Seminar. Defining Species Extinction. Species do not die, only individuals do. With the extinction of a species, no further individuals of that particular living kind will be born. . Background vs. Mass Extinction. Background extinction. = species gradually and continuously go extinct, creating a turnover of species through time.. Background extinction and mass extinction. 0. 600. Behavior. Effects of Extinction Procedures. Response Recovery after Extinction. Enhancing Extinction Performance. “Paradoxical” Reward Effects in Extinction. Extinction Procedures. Classical Conditioning: .