PPT-Extinction

Overview Extinctions are as important in the history of life as are the evolution of new species Explaining extinctions is just as challenging a scientific question as explaining the evolution of new species. ASTR 1420. Lecture. 9. Sections : 4.6, 6.4, 11.3. Mass Extinctions in the Earth History. Mass Extinctions. Check . http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_event. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mass_extinction. Frode Svartdal. . University. of . Tromsø. . Oct. 2013. Extinction: Basics. Extinction is defined in terms of a reinforcement process. Extinction contingencies. The . stimulus. (S. R. or US) is discontinued. EXTINCT is FOREVER!!. Non-human causes of extinction:. Volcanic events. Ocean temperature change. Sea level changes. Meteorites. Glaciations. Global climate change. Competition/predation. Human causes of extinction/loss of biodiversity - HIPPO. Modern Extinctions. In the tropical Pacific, 154 species, mostly birds of large size, those that nested on the ground, and those that were flightless were the first casualties (Boyer 2008, 2009). In . (. Pavlovian. & Instrumental). Learning, Psychology 3510. Fall, 2016. Professor Delamater. Extinction: Procedure & Process. The extinction procedure refers to the removal of reward, when it previously occurred.. ASTR 1420. Lecture . 9. Sections : 4.6, 6.4, 11.3. Mass Extinctions in the Earth History. Mass extinction . (a.k.a. extinction event) : is a sharp decrease in the number of species in a relatively short period of time.. Steve Ward, MA, BCBA. Whole Child Consulting, LLC. www.wholechildconsulting.com. http://. www.facebook.com. /. wholechildconsulting. Escape behavior is a problem. Escape/avoidance is the most common function of SIB (38.1%) (Iwata, et al, 1994). Remember. Operant conditioning extinction differs from classical conditioning extinction. During extinction, responding decreases to baseline levels for both classical and operant conditioning. BUT: Operantly conditioned behavior shows:. Outline . Effects of Extinction Procedures. Decreased responding. Increased variability in responding. Extinction of Original Learning. Spontaneous Recovery. Renewal of Original Excitatory Conditioning. Essential Questions. What is extinction?. Which species have become extinct in modern times? . What are the characteristics of past mass extinctions? . How do modern extinction rates compare with natural (background) rates?. Inclusive Education & Community Partnership. Kristin Hoefflin, MFT, BCBA. March 5, . 2014. Activity. How are Behaviors Established? . Behaviors serve a purpose (or function). When behaviors are reinforced, they increase. Background vs. Mass Extinction. Background extinction. = species gradually and continuously go extinct, creating a turnover of species through time.. Background extinction and mass extinction. 0. 600. Good progress:. Define the term extinction. Explain how extinction may be caused.. Outstanding progress:. Explain that organisms become extinct because something changes and the species cannot adapt quickly enough to the new circumstances.. Behavior. Effects of Extinction Procedures. Response Recovery after Extinction. Enhancing Extinction Performance. “Paradoxical” Reward Effects in Extinction. Extinction Procedures. Classical Conditioning: .