Central to both of these forces 1707 Scotland Wales amp England join to form Great Britain Ireland would be added later to make The United Kingdom Raw materials enormous amounts of coal and iron in Britain ID: 541001
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Slide1
The Industrial Revolution and the Rise of Nationalism
Central to both of these forces:
1707 Scotland, Wales & England join to form “Great Britain”(Ireland would be added later to make “The United Kingdom”)Slide2Slide3
Raw materials: enormous amounts of coal and iron in Britain
Other essential raw materials are imported from British colonies under mercantilist systemSlide4
Early industrial age:
No child-labor laws
No minimum wage
No workplace safety laws
No unemployment or disability or retirement insurance
No environmental lawsSlide5
The invention of the steam engine and the railroads makes markets larger
Consumers can now have goods imported to them from previously unreachable marketsSlide6
Pessimistic Predictions
Malthus – population growth would lead to famine and massive waves of starvation
Ricardo – population growth would steadily drive wages down below subsistence levelBoth predictions were predicated on an inflexible interpretation of supply and demand. Both were (thankfully) wrong. What did they miss??Slide7
What did Malthus and Ricardo get wrong?Slide8
During the early industrial age, states (governments) began using taxes to build and expand infrastructure.
(roads, bridges, canals, railroads etc.)
Is this a wise investment?Slide9
The Luddite movement sought to stop or roll back technological progress
(When lightbulbs were invented, all the candle-makers lost their jobs)
Today the term is used to refer to anyone who is unwilling to use the newest technologySlide10
1807 British Parliament abolishes the slave trade and ends slavery in all of its colonies
The industrial revolution, however, is still dependent on slave-supplied cotton from the American southSlide11
After the defeat of Napoleon, the European Powers impose the most peaceful century in European history (1815-1914)
Main ideas:
Balance of powerNo harsh peace conditions imposed on defeated France (the European powers would NOT follow this policy concerning Germany 100 years later)Slide12
Beginnings of nationalism: “Liberals believed that each people, each national group, had a right to establish its own independent government and fulfill its own destiny.” pg. 687
Is this a good idea? If so, where does it end?Slide13
“A large population and vast territory gave the empire economic and military clout, but its potentially dissatisfied nationalists undermined political unity.” pg. 687
Other examples:
British EmpireFrench Empire
Ottoman Empire
Soviet UnionSlide14
The assassin who triggered World War I (which triggered World War II) was a Serbian nationalist who sought independence from the Austro-Hungarian EmpireSlide15
1820’s – Central & Southern American colonies win independence from Spain
Democracy did not take root because of the rigid social hierarchy
Bolivar fails in his effort to create a “United States” of South AmericaSlide16
Emergence of Socialism
“Modern capitalism, they believed, fomented a selfish individualism”
“They believed that private property should be strictly regulated by the government or abolished outright and replaced by state or community ownership”Every single government on Earth today has at least some socialist influenceSlide17
Karl Marx develops the theory of communism as the logical extension of socialism
In the future, Soviet Communists would massacre the Socialists, deeming them too “conservative”.
The Communist ManifestoSlide18Slide19
1840’s Irish Potato Famine results in mass starvation, emigration to the United States, and anti-British hatred among Irish nationalists