The Intertestamental Period: From Babylon To The Birth Of C - PowerPoint Presentation

Slide1

The Intertestamental Period: From Babylon To The Birth Of Christ

Maccabean Part 1Slide2

Intertestamental PeriodWeek

Date

Topic

1

01 Mar 17

Overview

2

08 Mar 17

Babylonian Period (605-539 BC)

3

15 Mar 17

Persian Period (539-332 BC)

4

22 Mar 17

Greek Period (332-323 BC)

5

29 Mar 17

Ptolemaic (323-198 BC)

6

05 Apr 17

Seleucid (198-168 BC)

7

12 Apr 17

Maccabean Part 1 (168-153 BC)

8

19 Apr 17

Maccabean Part 2 (153-139 BC)

9

26 Apr 17

Independence (139-63 BC)

10

03 May 17

Rome Intervenes (63 – 37 BC)

11

10 May 17

Herod (37 BC – 4 BC)

12

17 May 17

The IT Period and Christianity (4 BC – 70 AD)

13

24 May 17

ReviewSlide3

Today’s ObjectivesReview last week’s lessonLearn about the Hasmonean dynastyLearn about the Mattathias’ role in the Jewish uprisingLearn about Mattathias’ five sons

Review Judas Maccabeus’ actions to carry on his father’s missionLearn about the rededication of the templeLearn about further oppression by Antiochus V

Review important historical notes about RomeSlide4

Last week’s lesson

Reviewed last week’s lesson

Learned about Antiochus III and Antiochus IV Epiphanies ruled over Palestine

Learned about Roman influence over the Seleucid empire

Reviewed the degeneration of Jewish religious freedom under Antiochus IV Epiphanies

Discovered the seeds of a Jewish revolt in the actions of Antiochus IV Epiphanies

Reviewed the key events occurring during the Seleucid rule of JerusalemSlide5

Reference MaterialKJV (w/ Apocrypha)1st and 2nd MaccabbeesJosephus – The Complete Works

Herodotus – The HistoryIntertestamental History – Mark Moore

Ancient Rome –

Simon Baker

Harding University –

BNEW 112 Course Notes

– Dr. Thompson

Intertestamental Period

– John BattleSlide6

Where we left off….Antiochus IV forbids the practice of the Jewish religion, 167-166 BCDestroys all copies of Scriptures (Ant 12.5.4)Forbids observance of Jewish festivalsForbids circumcision

Requires Jews to sacrifice on pagan alters and eat pig flesh (2 Macc 7)Samaritans, meanwhile, assure Antiochus of their allegiance to himNot “Jews” but “Sidonians”Slide7

Hasmonean Dynasty167-63 BCLed to independent rule in JerusalemThreats by more powerful nations remainedSyrians (Seleucids)RomansSeleucid oppression led to a Jewish revolt Against Antiochus IV Epiphanies

Ultimately obtained victoryMaccabee family is integral in the revoltSlide8

MattathiasFrom the village of Modin20 miles northwest of Jerusalem10 miles east of Lydda, Syrian district capital

Near Syrian troop concentrationPriest who lived in Modin kills an emissary of Antiochus and an apostate Jew – 167 BCMattathias flees with his five sons and other Jews to the mountains

Many Hasidim join them

Mattathias and his family begin guerrilla warfare against the SyriansSlide9
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Sons of MattathiasMattathias dies of old age in 167 BC, soon after the revolt beganHe appoints his third son, Judas, as leaderMattathias had five sonsJohnSimon

Judas (or Judas the Maccabee)EleazarJonathan

Three sons ruled over Judah, all five sons suffer violent deathsSlide11

Judas MaccabeusVery capable military leaderDefeats several larger Syrian forcesBecame known as the “hammer”Battle of Emmaus165 BC, 1 Macc 4:1-23

Gorgias, general for EpiphanesJudas attacks Syrian garrison at EmmausGorgias returns, only to find garrison capturedGorgias flees for the coastal plane

See Luke 24:13-35, “road to Emmaus”Slide12
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Rededication of the TempleDec 25, 164 BCJudas gains control of the temple areaPurifies and rededicates the templeBecame a national holidayHannukkah, Feast of Lights, or Feast of Dedication

John 10:22-301 Macc 4:52-59; 2 Macc 10:1-8Antiochus IV Epiphanies dies in Persia in 163 BC,

Succeeded by Antiochus V, his sonSlide16

Antiochus V162 BCLeads a large army to retake JerusalemGreat battle ensues, temple is retakenEleazar is killed in the battleBut they did not interfere with worship

Death of Antiochus V162 BCDemetrius I captures and executes Antiochus V

Sends general Bacchides to control Judea

Bacchides captures, executes Menelaus

Hasidim recognizes Alcimus as high priestSlide17

Return to OppressionBacchides, along with Alcimus, began executing many JewsHasidim leaders are executed as well161 BCBacchides took a large army to capture JudasJudas had only 800 menJudas was killed in the battleThree brothers escape to Tekoa

Jonathan, Simon, JohnSlide18

JonathanRebuilds his base of supportLeads further clashes with the SyriansJohn was killed in one of the battlesLeft on Jonathan and SimonBecomes the ruler of Judah, controlling the entire area except the AkraAwarded the title of high priestSends a message to Rome desiring to create an allianceSlide19

RomeMacedonian wars – 171 BCPerseus the Macedonian kingIntervenes in local wars of GreeceRome dislikes the expansion and declares war

Rome destroys Perseus’ army by 168 BC, Persueus is paraded through the streets of RomeEnvoys of Judas conclude a treaty with the Roman Senate in 161 BC In 157 BC Roman censor Cato heads a commission which arbitrates a truce between Carthage and Masinissa

During his time in Carthage, Cato is so struck by the evidence of Carthaginian prosperity that he is convinced that the security of Rome now depends on the annihilation of CarthageSlide20

Review

Reviewed last week’s lesson

Learned about the Hasmonean dynasty

Learned about Mattathias’ role in the Jewish uprising

Learned about Mattathias’ five sons

Reviewed Judas Maccabeus’ actions Learned about the rededication of the temple

Learned about further oppression by Antiochus V

Reviewed important historical notes about Rome