PPT-The role of FAO in supporting laboratory diagnosis of influenza in the Americas

Cedric Lazarus Livestock Development Officer FAO Subregional Offices for Central America and the Caribbean 1 Food and Agriculture Organization Technical Cooperation Programme in the Americas. Originally . presented on Wednesday, October 22, 2014 . Learning Objectives. By the end of the webinar participants will be able to : . Understand the rationale for influenza vaccination as well as the indications and contraindications . O. bjectives. Describe the basic properties of microorganisms, including their natural habitat and mode of . transmission.. List . the most important "alert" microorganisms causing . HAIs.. Explain . Influenza Surveillance Update. Vivian Hawkins, MS PhD. Washington State Department of Health. Communicable Disease Epidemiology Office. 206-418-5500. Vivian.Hawkins@doh.wa.gov. Influenza Update. Rates, Trends and Comparisons. Rakhee Palekar, MD, MPH. PAHO/WHO. Background. Influenza A.  subtype H1, H3, . etc. Influenza B distinct lineages emerged in 1970’s B-Yamagata & B-Victoria co-circulated since 2001. Rangaraj . Selvarangan. . BVSc. , PhD, D(ABMM).. Associate Professor, UMKC-SOM. Director, Microbiology . Laboratory. Director, Laboratory Medicine Research Affairs. Children's Mercy . Hospitals and Clinics. Rangaraj . Selvarangan. . BVSc. , PhD, D(ABMM).. Associate Professor, UMKC-SOM. Director, Microbiology . Laboratory. Director, Laboratory Medicine Research Affairs. Children's Mercy . Hospitals and Clinics. effectiveness. R. ed para la . E. valuación de . V. acunas . E. n . L. atino . A. mérica y el . C. aribe – . i. nfluenza. Washington DC, febr. 2018 . Alba Maria Ropero-Alvarez, . Nathalie . El Omeiri, . In many settings influenza is recognized as a major cause of disease and death. In other parts of the world however, its epidemiology and the degree of its impact on human health remain relatively uncertain -- in large part due to a lack of virological and disease surveillance.WHO has developed this manual to strengthen the laboratory diagnosis and virological surveillance of influenza infection by providing standard methods for the collection, detection, isolation and characterization of viruses. The specific objectives of the manual include: * increasing understanding of the principles and importance of haemagglutination and haemagglutination inhibition (HAI) testing in the identification of influenza virus field isolates, and in serological diagnosis using the WHO Influenza Reagent Kit* ensuring HAI test results are analyzed and interpreted accurately by including the appropriate controls and recognizing potential problems in interpreting test results* increasing understanding of the principles of reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and its application in the typing and subtyping of influenza viruses* highlighting the significance of influenza virus isolation as compared with direct antigen detection* increasing understanding of the principles of the microneutralization assay and its application to serological diagnosis* increasing understanding of the principles of the neuraminidase inhibition (NAI) assays used in the detection of virus strains resistant to antivirals.All national and international influenza surveillance systems -- including those for monitoring clinical disease -- depend fundamentally upon the consistent and successful implementation. Barbara A. Konkle, M.D.. Medical Director, Hemostasis Reference Laboratory. Puget Sound Blood Center. Professor of Medicine/Hematology. University of Washington. Seattle, WA. Disclosures. Nothing to disclose. Prof. Ahmed S. Abdel-Moneim. College of Medicine-Taif University. Outcomes. Knowledge. Determine the method of sample collection, transport processing and storage. . Enlist the laboratory investigations conducted for routine screening of different virological investigations including blood transfusion.. In many settings influenza is recognized as a major cause of disease and death. In other parts of the world however, its epidemiology and the degree of its impact on human health remain relatively uncertain -- in large part due to a lack of virological and disease surveillance.WHO has developed this manual to strengthen the laboratory diagnosis and virological surveillance of influenza infection by providing standard methods for the collection, detection, isolation and characterization of viruses. The specific objectives of the manual include: * increasing understanding of the principles and importance of haemagglutination and haemagglutination inhibition (HAI) testing in the identification of influenza virus field isolates, and in serological diagnosis using the WHO Influenza Reagent Kit* ensuring HAI test results are analyzed and interpreted accurately by including the appropriate controls and recognizing potential problems in interpreting test results* increasing understanding of the principles of reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and its application in the typing and subtyping of influenza viruses* highlighting the significance of influenza virus isolation as compared with direct antigen detection* increasing understanding of the principles of the microneutralization assay and its application to serological diagnosis* increasing understanding of the principles of the neuraminidase inhibition (NAI) assays used in the detection of virus strains resistant to antivirals.All national and international influenza surveillance systems -- including those for monitoring clinical disease -- depend fundamentally upon the consistent and successful implementation. Avian influenza is viral disease affecting respiratory, digestive and / or nervous system of many species of birds .. Etiology . Orthomyxovirus. . type . A two . forms :-. 1- Highly . Pathogenic . Improving the laboratory diagnosis of Infectious Disease . Gunturu Revathi. Aga Khan University Hospital . Nairobi. KPA Pre . C. ongress Symposium. Infectious Diseases . 9. th. April 2019. White sands, Mombasa . disease. ? . It. . is. . what. . we. . make. . of. . it!. -- . Seasonal. . flu. . vs. . pandemic. . flu. --. Seasonal. . flu. : . - . outbreaks. follow . predictable. . seasonal. . patterns.