Physics 7 th edition Classroom Response System Questions Chapter 12 Temperature and Heat Interactive Lecture Questions 1211 Three thermometers are used to measure the temperature inside a closed insulated box Thermometer A is calibrated in Fahrenheit degrees thermometer B in Celsiu ID: 235834
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Cutnell/JohnsonPhysics 7th edition
Classroom Response System Questions
Chapter 12 Temperature and Heat
Interactive Lecture Questions
Slide2
12.1.1. Three thermometers are used to measure the temperature inside a closed, insulated box. Thermometer A is calibrated in Fahrenheit degrees, thermometer B in Celsius degrees, and thermometer C in Kelvins. When the thermometers reach thermal equilibrium with the interior of the box, B reads 40
C and C reads 233 K. Which one of the following statements is necessarily true?a) Thermometer C should read 233 K.b) Thermometer A must read –40 °F.
c) If the temperature of the interior of the box is increased until A reads 20 F, thermometer B will read
10
C.
d) Thermometer B should read
77
C.
e) If the temperature of the interior of the box is increased until C reads 293 K, thermometer A will read 36
F.Slide3
12.1.1. Three thermometers are used to measure the temperature inside a closed, insulated box. Thermometer A is calibrated in Fahrenheit degrees, thermometer B in Celsius degrees, and thermometer C in Kelvins. When the thermometers reach thermal equilibrium with the interior of the box, B reads
40 C and C reads 233 K. Which one of the following statements is necessarily true?
a) Thermometer C should read 233 K.b) Thermometer A must read –40 °F.c) If the temperature of the interior of the box is increased until A reads
20
F, thermometer B will read
10
C.
d) Thermometer B should read
77
C.
e) If the temperature of the interior of the box is increased until C reads 293 K, thermometer A will read 36
F.Slide4
12.1.2. Unsatisfied with the Celsius and Fahrenheit temperature scales, you decide to create your own. On your temperature scale, the ice point is 77 M and the steam point is at 437 M, where “M” stands for “my scale.” What temperature on your scale corresponds to 68
F?a) 154 Mb) 168 M
c) 140 Md) 136 M
e) 149
MSlide5
12.1.2. Unsatisfied with the Celsius and Fahrenheit temperature scales, you decide to create your own. On your temperature scale, the ice point is 77
M and the steam point is at 437 M, where “M” stands for “my scale.” What temperature on your scale corresponds to 68 F?
a) 154 Mb) 168 Mc) 140
M
d) 136
M
e) 149
MSlide6
12.2.1. Unsatisfied with the Celsius and Kelvin temperature scales, you decide to create your own. On your temperature scale, the ice point is 0.0 M and the steam point is at 366.1 M, where “M” stands for “my scale.” What temperature on your scale corresponds to 0 K?
a) 273.1 Mb) 500.0
Mc) 1000.0 M
d)
732.4
M
e)
633.9
MSlide7
12.2.1. Unsatisfied with the Celsius and Kelvin temperature scales, you decide to create your own. On your temperature scale, the ice point is 0.0
M and the steam point is at 366.1 M, where “M” stands for “my scale.” What temperature on your scale corresponds to 0 K?a)
273.1 Mb) 500.0 M
c)
1000.0
M
d)
732.4
M
e)
633.9
MSlide8
12.3.1. Which one of the following properties is not likely to be used as a temperature-sensitive property to construct a thermometer?a) The volume of a liquid increases with increasing temperature.b) A gas held within a constant volume container exhibits pressure changes with corresponding temperature changes.
c) The length of a metal rod changes linearly with temperature.d) The mass of a solid decreases with increasing temperature.e) The electrical resistance of a wire increases with increasing temperature.Slide9
12.3.1. Which one of the following properties is not likely to be used as a temperature-sensitive property to construct a thermometer?
a) The volume of a liquid increases with increasing temperature.b) A gas held within a constant volume container exhibits pressure changes with corresponding temperature changes.c) The length of a metal rod changes linearly with temperature.
d) The mass of a solid decreases with increasing temperature.e) The electrical resistance of a wire increases with increasing temperature.Slide10
12.4.1. An artist wishes to insert a gold pin into a hole in an iron sculpture and have it held permanently. The pin is slightly larger than the hole. The coefficient of linear thermal expansion of gold is slightly larger than that of iron. Consider the following options: (1) increase the temperature of the pin and the sculpture by the same amount, (2) decrease the temperature of the pin and the sculpture by the same amount, (3) increase the temperature of the pin and decrease the temperature of the sculpture, and (4) decrease the temperature of the pin and increase the temperature of the sculpture. Which of the choices would most likely accomplish the artist’s task?
a) 1b) 2c) 3
d) 4e) 2 and 4Slide11
12.4.1. An artist wishes to insert a gold pin into a hole in an iron sculpture and have it held permanently. The pin is slightly larger than the hole. The coefficient of linear thermal expansion of gold is slightly larger than that of iron. Consider the following options: (1) increase the temperature of the pin and the sculpture by the same amount, (2) decrease the temperature of the pin and the sculpture by the same amount, (3) increase the temperature of the pin and decrease the temperature of the sculpture, and (4) decrease the temperature of the pin and increase the temperature of the sculpture. Which of the choices would most likely accomplish the artist’s task?
a) 1
b) 2c) 3d) 4
e) 2 and 4Slide12
12.4.2. The length of an aluminum pendulum in a certain clock is 0.2480 m on a day when the temperature is 23.30 C. This length was chosen so that the period of the pendulum is exactly 1.000 s. The clock is then hung on a wall where the temperature is
5.00 C and set to the correct local time. Assuming the acceleration due to gravity is the same at both locations, by how much time is the clock incorrect after one day at this temperature?a) 69.3 sb) 115 s
c) 87.2 sd) 31.0 se) 11.5 sSlide13
12.4.2. The length of an aluminum pendulum in a certain clock is 0.2480 m on a day when the temperature is 23.30
C. This length was chosen so that the period of the pendulum is exactly 1.000 s. The clock is then hung on a wall where the temperature is 5.00 C and set to the correct local time. Assuming the acceleration due to gravity is the same at both locations, by how much time is the clock incorrect after one day at this temperature?
a) 69.3 sb) 115 sc) 87.2 s
d) 31.0 s
e) 11.5 sSlide14
12.4.3. A rod of length L is heated so that its temperature increases by T. As a result, the length of the rod increases by L
. The rod is then cut into two pieces, one of length L/3 and one of length 2L/3. What is the ratio of the change in length of the rod of length 2L/3 to
L of the original rod when its temperature is increased by T?a) 1/3b) 2/3
c) 1
d) 3/2
e) 3Slide15
12.4.3. A rod of length
L is heated so that its temperature increases by T. As a result, the length of the rod increases by L. The rod is then cut into two pieces, one of length L/
3 and one of length 2L/3. What is the ratio of the change in length of the rod of length 2L/3 to L of the original rod when its temperature is increased by
T
?
a) 1/3
b) 2/3
c) 1
d) 3/2
e) 3Slide16
12.5.1. Which one of the following statements is the best explanation for the fact that metal pipes that carry water often burst during cold winter months?a) Both the metal and the water expand, but the water expands to a greater extent.
b) Water contracts upon freezing while the metal expands at lower temperatures.c) The metal contracts to a greater extent than the water.d) The interior of the pipe contracts less than the outside of the pipe.e) Water expands upon freezing while the metal contracts at lower temperatures.Slide17
12.5.1. Which one of the following statements is the best explanation for the fact that metal pipes that carry water often burst during cold winter months?
a) Both the metal and the water expand, but the water expands to a greater extent.b) Water contracts upon freezing while the metal expands at lower temperatures.
c) The metal contracts to a greater extent than the water.d) The interior of the pipe contracts less than the outside of the pipe.e) Water expands upon freezing while the metal contracts at lower temperatures.Slide18
12.5.2. Consider the four blocks made from the same material that are shown in the drawing. The sides have lengths of L, 2L, or 3L. Rank these blocks according to their expected increase, largest to smallest, in their volumes when their temperatures are increased by the same amount.
a) B > C > A > Db) C > B > A > Dc) D > C > A > Bd) C > D > B > A
e) All would have the same increase in volume.Slide19
12.5.2. Consider the four blocks made from the same material that are shown in the drawing. The sides have lengths of L, 2L, or 3L. Rank these blocks according to their expected increase, largest to smallest, in their volumes when their temperatures are increased by the same amount.
a) B > C > A > Db) C > B > A > Dc) D > C > A > Bd) C > D > B > A
e) All would have the same increase in volume.Slide20
12.7.1. A certain amount of heat Q is added to materials A, B, and C. The masses of these three materials are 0.04 kg, 0.01 kg, and 0.02 kg, respectively. The temperature of material A increases by 4.0 C while the temperature of the other two materials increases by only 3.0 C
. Rank these three materials from the largest specific heat capacity to the smallest value.a) A > B > Cb) C > B > A
c) B > A > Cd) B = C > Ae) A > B = CSlide21
12.7.1. A certain amount of heat
Q is added to materials A, B, and C. The masses of these three materials are 0.04 kg, 0.01 kg, and 0.02 kg, respectively. The temperature of material A increases by 4.0 C while the temperature of the other two materials increases by only 3.0 C. Rank these three materials from the largest specific heat capacity to the smallest value.
a) A > B > Cb) C > B > Ac) B > A > C
d) B = C > A
e) A > B = CSlide22
12.7.2. A swimming pool has a width of 9.0 m and a length of 12.0 m. The depth of the water is 1.83 m. One morning, the temperature of the pool water was 15.0 C. The water then absorbed 2.00 109
J of heat from the Sun. What is the final temperature of the water? Assume no heat loss to the surroundings.a) 16.9 Cb) 18.1 C
c) 17.4 Cd) 19.6 C
e) 20.2
CSlide23
12.7.2. A swimming pool has a width of 9.0 m and a length of 12.0 m. The depth of the water is 1.83 m. One morning, the temperature of the pool water was 15.0
C. The water then absorbed 2.00 109 J of heat from the Sun. What is the final temperature of the water? Assume no heat loss to the surroundings.
a) 16.9 Cb) 18.1 Cc) 17.4
C
d) 19.6
C
e) 20.2
CSlide24
12.7.3. Which of the following substances would be the most effective in cooling 0.300 kg of water at 98 C?a) 0.100 kg of lead at 22
Cb) 0.100 kg of water at 22 Cc) 0.100 kg of glass at 22 C
d) 0.100 kg of aluminum at 22 Ce) 0.100 kg of copper at 22 CSlide25
12.7.3. Which of the following substances would be the most effective in cooling 0.300 kg of water at 98
C?a) 0.100 kg of lead at 22 Cb) 0.100 kg of water at 22
Cc) 0.100 kg of glass at 22 Cd) 0.100 kg of aluminum at 22
C
e) 0.100 kg of copper at 22
CSlide26
12.7.4. Britanny’s normal body temperature is 36.5 C. When she recently became ill, her body temperature increased to 38.0 C. What was the minimum amount of heat required for this increase in body temperature if her weight is 561 N?
a) 2.96 106 Jb) 3.50 103
Jc) 4.98 104 Jd) 3.00
10
5
J
e) 7.60
10
5
JSlide27
12.7.4. Britanny’s normal body temperature is 36.5
C. When she recently became ill, her body temperature increased to 38.0 C. What was the minimum amount of heat required for this increase in body temperature if her weight is 561 N?a) 2.96 10
6 Jb) 3.50 103 J
c) 4.98
10
4
J
d) 3.00
10
5
J
e) 7.60
10
5
JSlide28
12.7.5. Four 1-kg cylinders are heated to 100 C and placed on top of a block of paraffin wax, which melts at 63 C. There is one cylinder made from lead, one of copper, one of aluminum, and one of iron. After a few minutes, it is observed that the cylinders have sunk into the paraffin to differing depths. Rank the depths of the cylinders from deepest to shallowest.
a) lead > iron > copper > aluminumb) aluminum > copper > lead > ironc) aluminum > iron > copper > lead
d) copper > aluminum > iron > leade) iron > copper > lead > aluminumSlide29
12.7.5. Four 1-kg cylinders are heated to 100
C and placed on top of a block of paraffin wax, which melts at 63 C. There is one cylinder made from lead, one of copper, one of aluminum, and one of iron. After a few minutes, it is observed that the cylinders have sunk into the paraffin to differing depths. Rank the depths of the cylinders from deepest to shallowest.
a) lead > iron > copper > aluminumb) aluminum > copper > lead > ironc) aluminum > iron > copper > leadd) copper > aluminum > iron > lead
e) iron > copper > lead > aluminumSlide30
12.8.1. Heat is added to a substance, but its temperature does not increase. Which one of the following statements provides the best explanation for this observation?a) The substance has unusual thermal properties.b) The substance must be cooler than its environment.
c) The substance must be a gas.d) The substance must be an imperfect solid.e) The substance undergoes a change of phase.Slide31
12.8.1. Heat is added to a substance, but its temperature does not increase. Which one of the following statements provides the best explanation for this observation?
a) The substance has unusual thermal properties.b) The substance must be cooler than its environment.c) The substance must be a gas.
d) The substance must be an imperfect solid.e) The substance undergoes a change of phase.Slide32
12.8.2. What is the final temperature when 2.50 105 J are added to 0.950 kg of ice at 0.0 C?
a) 0.0 Cb) 4.2 Cc) 15.7
Cd) 36.3 Ce) 62.8
CSlide33
12.8.2. What is the final temperature when 2.50
105 J are added to 0.950 kg of ice at 0.0 C?a) 0.0 C
b) 4.2 Cc) 15.7 C
d) 36.3
C
e) 62.8
CSlide34
12.8.3. By adding 25 kJ to solid material A, 4.0 kg will melt. By adding 50 kJ to solid material B, 6.0 kg will melt. Solid material C requires 30 kJ to melt 3.0 kg. Which of these materials, if any, has the largest value for the heat of fusion?a) Ab) B
c) Cd) A = BSlide35
12.8.3. By adding 25 kJ to solid material A, 4.0 kg will melt. By adding 50 kJ to solid material B, 6.0 kg will melt. Solid material C requires 30 kJ to melt 3.0 kg. Which of these materials, if any, has the largest value for the heat of fusion?
a) Ab) Bc) C
d) A = BSlide36
12.8.4. Consider the system shown in the drawing. A test tube containing water is inserted into boiling water. Will the water in the test tube eventually boil?a) Yes, heat is continually transferred to the water inside the test tube and eventually it
will boil?b) Yes, the pressure above the water in the test tube will be reduced to less than atmospheric pressure and cause the water to boil.c) No, heat will only be transferred until the water in the test tube is 100
C.d) No, the temperature of the water in the test tube will never reach 100 C.Slide37
12.8.4. Consider the system shown in the drawing. A test tube containing water is inserted into boiling water. Will the water in the test tube eventually boil?a) Yes, heat is continually transferred to the water inside the test tube and eventually it
will boil?b) Yes, the pressure above the water in the test tube will be reduced to less than atmospheric pressure and cause the water to boil.c) No, heat will only be transferred until the water in the test tube is 100
C.d) No, the temperature of the water in the test tube will never reach 100 C.