Development and Production of Malting Barley for Canadian - PowerPoint Presentation

Slide1

Development and Production of Malting Barley for Canadian Brewers Slide2

Source: CMBTCSlide3

Source: CMBTCSlide4

Source: CMBTCSlide5
Slide6

Source: CGCSlide7

Source: CGCSlide8

Region

2011

2012

2013

2014

2015

Western

Canada

7,432.0

7,488.8

9,748.3

6,853.6

7,199.5

Eastern Canada

459.5

523.5

488.8264.4410.7

Canadian Barley Production by Region (1000 tonnes)

(Source: Stats Canada)Slide9

Source: CGCSlide10
Slide11

Source: CGCSlide12

A Breeding Cross Produces a Few Winners and Many Losers

But Sometimes Spectacular Winners!

Breeding Crosses Need to Be Tested to see if they have inherited the right stuffSlide13

Malting Barley

Breeding and Research

(funding and guiding)

Evaluation and Testi

ng New Varieties, among members

Assist

with

Official Registration

of New Varieties (Collaborative Micro-malting Test Data)

BMBRI is funded by malting and brewing company members with associated input from seed companies and provincial grower commissions

BMBRI operates at beginning of Canadian barley

value chain with activities including:Slide14
Slide15

Malting Barley Breeding and Development in Canada:

Canadian Malting Barley has a very high reputation for malting and brewing quality in the international market

This is based on careful BMBRI and industry-guided breeding and variety development since 2

nd

World War

Industry needs have changed with time due to technological and/or consumer changes. This includes recent trends towards craft and all-malt beerSlide16

Canadian

and North American

Craft

Brewers

Canadian Craft Brewers

Maltsters

Associate

/

Collaborative

ABInBev

Bearhill

Canada Malting

Alberta

Barley

Sleeman

Village

Cargill/PrairieSeCanMooseheadPhillips

Malteurop

Canterra

Seeds

Great

Western

Picaroons

Rahr

FP Genetics

Big Rock

PEI

Malteria

Frontenac

CPS Ag

Sierra NevadaBig Tide Harvest Hops/MaltSyngentaNew Belgium Beaus SK Barley CommFlying MonkeysMuskoka Brewery

Current Members and Contributors to BMBRI

Additional Advisory Members:

AMBA

, AAFC, CGC, WGRF, CMBTC, etc Slide17

Malting Barley Breeding/Pre-registration evaluation/Research

Breeders;

BMBRI

;

CGC*;

provincial grower commissions

Post Registration pilot malting and brewing/commercial market testing

Seed Companies;

CMBTC**;

malting and brewing companies; grain companies

Commercial Production and Marketing of Malting Barley and Malt

Seed companies; malting companies; grain handling companies

* Canadian Grain Commission

** Canadian Malting Barley Technical Centre

Canadian Barley Value Chain/Related Organizations:Slide18

New:

Canadian

Agri

-Innovation (AIP)

Program

.

$3 million of industry/grower funds + $8 million of federal government

= $11 million over

2013-2018

.

BMBRI, grower Commissions and Foundations - major

industry partners in the funding consortium

Ongoing

: Investment by Western Grains Research Foundation (WGRF) in barley breeding programs at University of Saskatchewan and Agriculture Canada, Brandon. Provincial breeding program at Alberta Agriculture Lacombe with grower and provincial funding

Other: Sm

aller AAFC barley programs in Eastern Canada

Canadian Barley Breeding and Research Investment Programs

:Slide19

Current BMBRI-Funded Malting Barley Breeding and Research Projects

Agriculture Canada

Canadian Grain Commission

University of Manitoba

University of Saskatchewan

Alberta AgricultureSlide20

Current BMBRI Grants for Malting Barley Breeding/Research (*within AAFC AIP Barley Cluster):

*Agriculture Canada Brandon , MB– New Variety Breeding

*Agriculture Canada Charlottetown, PEI – Eastern Canada Malting Barley Production

*Agriculture Canada Lacombe, AB – Barley Agronomy

*University of Saskatchewan – New Variety Breeding

*Alberta Agriculture Lacombe, AB - Breeding and Agronomy

Alberta Agriculture

Vegreville

, AB – Breeding/Agronomy ResearchSlide21

Other Eastern Canada Malting Barley Breeding/Research Projects (within AAFC AIP Barley Cluster):

Agriculture Canada Lacombe, AB – Barley Disease

Agriculture Canada, ECORC, Ottawa, QC – Barley Breeding and DiseaseSlide22

Requirements for Evolving Grower and Market Needs

Varieties with better yield to compete with other crops?

Adaptability to different growing environments across Canada?

Resistance to disease pressures?

Desired quality specs for Adjunct brewing vs. All malt “craft” brewing?

Ability to provide different malt specs to a range of brewer customers?

Differences between domestic North America and International Needs?Slide23

Crossing GH in summer (Saskatoon) 2013

F1 Field Rows (NZ) 2013/14

F2 Field Bulk Plot (Saskatoon) 2014

F3 Field Bulk Plot (NZ) 2014/15

F4 Field Space Planted Plot (Saskatoon) 2015

select ~200 heads/cross

F5 Field Hills (Saskatoon) 2016

~150/cross

F6

Microplots

(Saskatoon) 2017

1 rep @ 1 location

20-30/cross (average)

3200 entries

cull to 50% in field

cull to 15-20% (yield, quality)

F7 Preliminary Yield Trial 2018

2 reps @ 2 locations

600 entries

harvest all

cull to 20-25%

SSD (~30 pop.)

F5 hills by

2015

200 hills

MMAS (Rpg1,

QRpt6,

Un8,

LOX-less, amo1)

20,000

data points

CDC (U of S) Barley Breeding

Cycle

TimelineSlide24

F8 Standard Yield Trial 2019

3 reps @ 6 locations

175 entries

harvest all

F9 1st year 2R Coop 2020

5-8 entries

3 reps @ 13-18 locations

F10 2nd year 2R Coop/1st year

Collabs

2021

2-4 entries

150-200 paired hills for breeder seed

F11 2nd year

Collabs

2022

1-2 entries

100-150 Breeder Rows (from hills)

CDC (U of S) Barley Breeding

Cycle

Timeline (continued)

Source: Dr. A. Beattie, Crop Development Centre U of S.Slide25

Characteristic

In Breeding

For Research

Aribinoxylan

Measurement

+

Balanced Modification

+

Consistent Barley Quality Across Regions

+

Sensory Properties

+

+

Enzyme Activities *

+

Extract

+

+

Fermentability

+

FHB Resistance

+

Hull Adherence

+

Long Term Germination

+

Pre Harvest Sprout Tolerance

+

Protein*

+

Varietal Identification

+

BMBRI Desired Traits for Malting Barley Breeders and ResearchersSlide26

Canadian Malting Barley for the needs of Craft Brewers and Craft

Maltsters

?

Canadian malting barley

is already the major source of supply

for the North American craft industry

Large and small Canadian malting companies have been leaders in supplying the expanding craft brewing sector over last

decade

Now being supplemented by smaller “local” “craft” malting

More innovations in malting barley breeding and development are already happening for the benefit of craft and other brewers, e.g. varieties with

Lower

proteins/Range

of FANs

Less enzymes/range of enzyme packages

Research on factors that affect

flavourSlide27

All Malt 2R (Craft)

(Increasing)

Solid Adjunct

2R

Adjunct 6R

(Declining

)*

Extract,

fg

, db %

>80 (High as possible)

>80 (High as possible)

>79 (High as possible)

Protein, db%

< 11.5

> 11.5

> 11.5

Sol. Protein, db%

< 5.0

> 5.0

> 5.0

KI (S/T), %

38-45

42 – 47

42 – 47

Enzymes/DP, °L

low/med

100-120

: 120-140

med/high

120-140 : >140

med/high

125-145 : >145

Beta Glucan, mg/L

Variable, 135 Max

Low as possible

Low as possible

FAN, mg/L

< 200

> 200

> 200

BMBRI Guidelines to Breeders for Different Brewing Market Segments

*BMBRI has discontinued funding or testing 6R malting barley breeding in Canada Slide28

Two Years of Coop Testing

of breeder lines for agronomy, disease and micro-malt quality data (GRL). Multiple sites in Western Canada

Two years of BMBRI Collaborative Testing

of the elite lines from the first year of Coop Testing. Grown and harvested at multiple sites in Western Canada. BMBRI members and CGC/GRL conduct micro-malting

Presentation of Coop and Collaborative Test Reports to

Prairie Registration Committee for Oats and Barley (PRCOB

) to seek support for variety registration application to federal Canadian Food Inspection Agency (CFIA)

Registration Decision

by CFIA Variety Registration Office

Malting Barley Variety Testing/Registration Process in CanadaSlide29

Collaborative Field Tests using AC Metcalfe and CDC Copeland as Checks

Slide30

Malting Barley Production Research –

Cribit

Seeds, Winterbourne, Ontario Slide31

BMBRI Update

To AMBA Technical CommitteeApril 2011Michael Brophy

University of Saskatchewan Barley Breeding Slide32

Alberta Agriculture Malting Barley BreedingSlide33

Agriculture Canada Brandon Barley Breeding Program Slide34

Recent Successes in Canadian Malting Barley Breeding:

New Varieties with-

Better yield and disease resistance for growers

Improved Fermentable Extract

Lower Proteins (more extract)

Range of Enzymes to suit different brewing styles

Good balance of

betaglucans

and soluble proteins (even modification)

Same or lower

betaglucan

levels for different brewing needs

Range of FANs (high and lower) to suit different brewing stiles (all malt craft brewing or adjunct brewing) Slide35

General Enzyme/Protein Fits for Different Brewing Market Segments

Moderate protein/High enzymes

–

demand,

adjunct brewing,

e.g.,

CDC Kindersley, some

Six-rows

Moderate protein/Moderate enzymes

–

high demand for adjunct and general brewing,

e.g.,

AC Metcalfe; AAC Synergy?

Moderate protein/Low enzymes

–

moderate demand for low adjunct brewing and blending,

e.g., CDC Copeland

Low protein/Low enzymes

–

specific demand for all-malt/craft brewing with limited adjuncts,

e.g., BentleySlide36

U of S:

CDC Copeland, CDC Reserve, CDC Meredith, CDC Kindersley, TR11127 (CDC Bow), TR 12135 (recommended in 2015)

Sapporo/U of S:

PolarStar

, Platinum Star

BARI USA:

Merit 57

Alberta Agriculture:

Bentley

Agriculture Canada:

AC Metcalfe,

Newdale

, Major,

Cervesa

, AAC Synergy, TR12225 (AAC Connect)

Above list does not include all registered varieties

Older and Newer Canadian 2R Varieties, in Commercial Production , Testing or in pipelineSlide37
Slide38
Slide39
Slide40
Slide41

2016-17

CMBTC Recommended

Malting Barley Varieties Slide42

Conclusion – Study the Form and Pick your Winner (Malting Barley Variety ):

- Race horse winners are suited to different distances and tracks

-

Newer Varieties are Bred to be Winners for Specific Brewing Needs and Production Locations

- Ask your supplier and learn about a new malting barley variety best suites to your needsSlide43

Evaluation of malting barley quality in Eastern North America as affected by improved cultural practices

Source: Dr. A. Mills, AAFC CharlottetownSlide44

Evaluation of malting barley production and quality in Eastern Canada

Source: Dr. A. Mills, AAFC CharlottetownSlide45

Yield

Source: Dr. A. Mills, AAFC CharlottetownSlide46

Source: Dr. A. Mills, AAFC CharlottetownSlide47

Source: Dr. A. Mills, AAFC CharlottetownSlide48

Barley Quality

The average grain protein level increased with increasing N-fertilization rates, but

in general the

proteins levels in barley were acceptable for malting

purposes

There were some differences in barley proteins content among locations.

Source:

Dr. M. Izydorczyk

CGC/GRLSlide49

Barley Quality

The average kernel plumpness and kernel weight increased with increasing N-rates, however, in general the plumpness and kernel weight were relatively low.

The RVA results reflected generally wet harvest conditions resulting in high incidence of substantial pre-germination.

Source:

Dr. M. Izydorczyk

CGC/GRLSlide50

Malting Barley and the Environment?Slide51

Malting Barley a Beneficial Crop for a Sustainable Environment (1/2)

New varieties are bred for better disease resistance with

reduced use of pesticides

Newly Canadian varieties are

non-GMO

Barley is good for rotations with other crops for

soil health

Dense plant stands cover the soil and prevent growth of weeds,

reducing need for herbicides

As a dense vegetative crop, barley is good

carbon sink

for CO2

Barley has a low moisture requirement for growth leading to

greater water use efficiency

Some newer varieties can provide

lower energy use and other efficiencies in malt house or brewery (

shorter processing time, etc)Slide52

Malting Barley a Beneficial Crop for a Sustainable Environment (2/2)

Malting barley grown as a low protein crop requires less application of nitrogen ,

reducing potential for excess residual soil nitrates

Current grower best management practices (BMPs) for successful malting barley production are consistent with

good environmental stewardship

E.g.,

Glyphosate

(Roundup) and other desiccants are not allowed

by BMBRI or its members for malting barley selection

Malting

barley growers are careful and proud

their crop is destined for beer which they also consumeSlide53

Merci

Questions?