TROPHIC LEVELS An organisms trophic feeding level is determined by the organisms source of energy There are 3 main trophic levels in a food web Autotrophs Heterotrophs Saprotrophs 1 AUTOTROPHS ID: 649285
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Slide1
Energy Flow Pyramids and Trophic LevelsSlide2
TROPHIC LEVELS
An organisms trophic (feeding) level is determined by the organism’s source of energy
There are 3 main trophic levels in a food web.
Autotrophs
Heterotrophs
SaprotrophsSlide3
1. AUTOTROPHS:
Capture energy from the sun (
photosynthetic
)
or inorganic molecules (
chemosynthetic)
and converts it into usable energy. Also known as (AKA) PRODUCERSproduces food (make energy storing molecules),Eg. Plants, algae and some kinds of bacteria Slide4
2.
HETEROTROPHS-
AKA CONSUMER
obtains the energy to build their molecules by consuming plants or other organisms
Includes:
primary,
secondary,tertiary (etc.) consumers, anddecomposers and detritivoresSlide5
Saprotrophs
AKA
detritivores
and decomposers
An organism that feeds off of dead or decaying organic matter
Examples:
FungusVulturesSlide6
DETRITIVORES
Organisms that eat detritus, or dead organic matter.
Eg
. Earthworm, vulture, crabSlide7
DECOMPOSERS
A kind of
detritivore
Break down organic matter into simpler compounds.
release essential nutrients back into the environment to be recycled.
Eg. FungusSlide8
Energy Pyramid Model
Organisms convert food (glucose) into energy.
This energy is given off as heat which is lost to space.
Energy is a one way path. It is not a cycle.Slide9
Energy Flow Models:
graphs which illustrate the trophic levels in a community.
Slide10
Energy Pyramid Model
An energy pyramid is a diagram that compares energy used by producers, primary consumers, and other trophic levels.
As a rule each trophic level receives only 10% from the trophic level below.
In other words each trophic level loses 90% heat to the atmosphere.Slide11
Student Task
Study the food web
and
convert it into an energy pyramid model.
The
autotrophs in this food web start off with 123,000 kilojoules of energy and the decomposers are included on the outside of the pyramid.
Also label the levels with the terms on paperSlide12
flowers, grasses (seeds, berries)
Marmot, grouse, butterfly, deer, chipmunk
Red-tailed hawk,
grizzly bear,
Mushrooms and
earthworms
Hawk
Producers
autotrophs
Primary Consumer
Heterotroph, herbivore
Secondary Consumer
Heterotroph, Decomposer,
detritivore
, carnivore
C
arnivore
123,000 kJ
12, 300 kJ
1,230 kJ
123 kJ
Saprotrophs
Mushrooms, earthwormsSlide13
Pyramid of Biomass
Biomass is the mass of organisms minus water.
Biomass
refers to the amount of carbon and other trace
elements an
organism’s body contains.Slide14
Student Task
Study the food web below and convert it into a biomass pyramid model.
The
autotrophs in this food web start off with 5,693,112 Kg of biomass and the decomposers are included on the outside of the pyramid.
Also label the levels with
the terms found on your paperSlide15
Phytoplankton
cod, krill, zooplankton
Penguin, Leopard
seal, squid, cod
Elephant Seal,
Killer Whale
Autotrophs, producers
Primary consumer, herbivore, heterotroph
Secondary Consumer, Carnivore, heterotroph
Tertiary Consumer, Heterotroph, Carnivore
5,693,112 kg
569,311 kg
56,931 kg
5,693 kg
Whale
Mushrooms, earthwormsSlide16
Pyramid of Numbers
Illustration of the
number
of organisms at each levelSlide17
How can more people be supported on Earth when there is a limited supply of resources?
It depends on what they are eating
.