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Mass Depopulation  & Euthanasia Mass Depopulation  & Euthanasia

Mass Depopulation & Euthanasia - PowerPoint Presentation

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Uploaded On 2018-11-09

Mass Depopulation & Euthanasia - PPT Presentation

Swine Euthanasia Adapted from the FAD PReP NAHEMS Guidelines Mass Depopulation and Euthanasia 2015 Euthanasia Transitioning painlessly and stressfree as possible Mass Depopulation Large numbers quickly and efficiently ID: 725253

aphis guidelines nahems prep guidelines aphis prep nahems usda mde fad cfsph swine euthanasia captive bolt pigs adjunct dvm

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Slide1

Mass Depopulation & Euthanasia

Swine Euthanasia

Adapted from the FAD

PReP

/NAHEMS

Guidelines: Mass Depopulation and Euthanasia (2015)Slide2

EuthanasiaTransitioning painlessly and stress-free as possibleMass DepopulationLarge numbers, quickly and efficientlyConsideration to welfare as practicable

Terms used interchangeably here

USDA APHIS and CFSPH

FAD

PReP

/NAHEMS Guidelines: MDE-Swine

Euthanasia and DepopulationSlide3

May be practiced during an animal health emergencyGoals of Euthanasia Provide humane treatment

Select acceptable method

Minimize negative

emotional impact

Safeguard food chain

Prevent or mitigate disease spreadUSDA APHIS and CFSPH

FAD

PReP

/NAHEMS Guidelines: MDE-Swine

Euthanasia and DepopulationSlide4

Goal: Humane Treatment

Decrease animal stress, excitement

Do not force animals to travel quickly

Avoid

electric prods

Sorting boardsHuman body

position

Flight zones

Flags and plastic paddles

Handle animals quietly

USDA APHIS and CFSPH

FAD

PReP

/NAHEMS Guidelines: MDE-Swine

HandlingSlide5

Flight Zone, Point of Balance, Blind Spot

USDA APHIS and CFSPH

FAD

PReP

/NAHEMS Guidelines: MDE-Swine

General Handling Slide6

Acceptable: noninhalant injectableAcceptable for all classes of pigs

BarbituratesBarbituric acid

derivatives

USDA APHIS and CFSPH

FAD

PReP

/NAHEMS Guidelines: MDE-Swine

Acceptable MethodsSlide7

PhysicalCaptive bolt Penetrating- mature and grower-finisher Non-penetrating- nursery, sucklingGunshot (mature, grower-finisher)Electrocution (mature, grower-finisher, nursery, suckling >10

lbs)Blunt force trauma (suckling pigs)Inhaled agents

USDA APHIS and CFSPH

FAD

PReP

/NAHEMS Guidelines: MDE-SwineConditionally Acceptable MethodsSlide8

If primary euthanasia fails, personnel should be prepared to apply an adjunct measure such as:PithingExsanguinationSecond shot

USDA APHIS and CFSPH

FAD

PReP

/NAHEMS Guidelines: MDE-Swine

Adjunct MethodsSlide9

Usually impractical

Individual handling/restraintExpensiveCarcass disposal

Recordkeeping

May be used if

animal is hand-raised

USDA APHIS and CFSPH

FAD

PReP

/NAHEMS Guidelines: MDE-Swine

Chemical AgentsSlide10

Major drawbacksVolume of agent required

Difficulty of suitable venous access Carcass disposal

issues

Prolonged restraint time needed

USDA APHIS and CFSPH

FAD PReP/NAHEMS Guidelines: MDE-Swine

Chemical

AgentsSlide11

Protocols under development

Endorsed for smaller swine

Up to 70lbs (32kg)

Impractical for

larger

animals/farmsSafety of personnelTraining

Equipment

USDA APHIS and CFSPH

FAD PReP/NAHEMS Guidelines: MDE-Swine

Physical- Carbon

DioxideSlide12

Use appropriate restraint Methods

Young pigs

Firm holding,

body

sling

Lifting with two contact pointsLarger pigs

C

enter-line conveyor

S

naring individually USDA APHIS and CFSPH

FAD

PReP

/NAHEMS Guidelines: MDE-Swine

Physical- Captive

BoltSlide13

Pigs <300 lbs

Middle of forehead; 0.5-1 in.

above eyes

Mature pigs: sows, boars

Adjust target area

Use correct size bolt, charge

Adjunct method

on hand

USDA APHIS and CFSPH

FAD PReP/NAHEMS Guidelines: MDE-Swine

Aiming Captive BoltSlide14

Under developmentEuthanizes in one stepInterchangeable captive bolts for different size animalsVarious lengths, thicknesses, charges

USDA APHIS and CFSPHFAD

PReP

/NAHEMS Guidelines: MDE-Swine

Single Step Captive BoltSlide15

Lethal concussive traumaUp to 12 lbs – primary euthanasiaUp to 70 lbs

– use with adjunct stepLethal concussive traumaPositioning same as captive boltNot recommended >70 lbs

USDA APHIS and CFSPH

FAD

PReP

/NAHEMS Guidelines: MDE-SwineNon-Penetrating Captive Bolt Slide16

Immediate collapse, postural rigidity, gradual relaxationInvoluntary kicking and paddlingInsensible pigs:Lack corneal reflexNo deliberate movement

No rhythmic breathingIf in doubt: re-stun, adjunct methodUSDA APHIS and CFSPH

FAD

PReP

/NAHEMS Guidelines: MDE-Swine

Captive Bolt: EffectsSlide17

Trained, experienced personnelFollow safety guidelines

At close range, same point of entry as captive bolt

Muzzle NEVER

in contact with head

Mature animal skulls may be more difficult to

penetrateUse appropriate ammunition

USDA APHIS and CFSPH

FAD

PReP

/NAHEMS Guidelines: MDE-SwinePhysical- GunshotSlide18

Long range gunshot generally unacceptable

If necessaryP

oint

of entry

between

eye and base of earDo not target chest, neckRisk of free bullets and human injuries

USDA APHIS and CFSPH

FAD

PReP

/NAHEMS Guidelines: MDE-Swine

Physical- Gunshot (cont’d)Slide19

Method has been successfully used

Stunning and deathElectric current directly

through

head and

heart

15 seconds to achieve deathHead stunning

Electrodes on sides of head

2-3 seconds for proper stun

Unconscious for 30 sec

Adjunct method within 15 sec

USDA APHIS and CFSPH

FAD

PReP

/NAHEMS Guidelines: MDE-Swine

Physical- ElectrocutionSlide20

Confirmation of death can be difficultSustained lack of heartbeat and respirationRigor mortisEvaluate by competent, experienced personnel

USDA APHIS and CFSPH

FAD

PReP

/NAHEMS Guidelines: MDE-Swine

Confirmation of DeathSlide21

FAD PReP/NAHEMS Guidelines: Mass Depopulation and Euthanasia (MDE) (2015)http://

www.aphis.usda.gov/fadprepMDE web-based training modulehttp://naherc.sws.iastate.edu/

USDA APHIS and CFSPH

FAD

PReP

/NAHEMS Guidelines: MDE-Swine

For More InformationSlide22

Authors (CFSPH):

Reneé

Dewell

DVM,MS

Nichollette

Rider, Veterinary StudentSignificant contributions to the content were provided by

USDA

APHIS VS:

Lori P. Miller, PE

Darrel

K. Styles, DVM, PhD

USDA APHIS and CFSPH

FAD PReP/NAHEMS Guidelines: MDE-Swine

Guidelines ContentSlide23

Acknowledgments

Development of this presentation was by the Center for Food Security and Public Health at Iowa State University through funding from the USDA APHIS Veterinary

Services

PPT Authors: Dawn Bailey, BS; Kerry

Leedom

Larson, DVM,

MPH, PhD, DACVPM

Reviewers:

Glenda Dvorak, DVM, MPH,

DACVPM: Cheryl L. Eia, JD, DVM, MPH, Patricia

Futoma

, BS,

Veterinary Student,

Reneé

Dewell

DVM,MS