PPT-Chapter 11 Section 3: Chromosomes and Human Heredity

Ms Diana and Ms Suad Karyotype Studies The study of genetic material does not only involve the study of genes It also involves whole chromosomes by using images of chromosomes stained during metaphase . Review. Organelles. Centrioles. Made of microtubules. Acts as anchors in cell division. Mitotic Spindle fibers. Two Main types. Kinetochore Fibers- Attach from centriole to centromere of chromosomes and assists in movement of chromosomes. What mode of inheritance shows a blending of a trait?. Incomplete dominance. What is the sex of this individual?. Female. Who determines the sex of a child? . Father. Identify the disorder.. Turner’s Syndrome. 27.1 Why Must We Reproduce?. In order for all species to survive, organisms, including human beings, must produce new organisms like themselves.. The process by which organisms produce new organisms like themselves is called . Karyotypes. To find what makes us uniquely human, we have to explore the human genome. . A . genome. is the full set of genetic information that an organism carries in its DNA.. A study of any genome starts with chromosomes, the bundles of DNA and protein found in the nuclei of eukaryotic cells. . in Chimps and Humans. are Horrendously Different. Paul Giem. Loma Linda, CA. Y Chromosomes in Chimps and Humans. The common chimp (Pan troglodytes) and human Y chromosomes are "horrendously different from each other", says David Page of the Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research in Cambridge, Massachusetts. 11.1 Basic Patterns of Human Inheritance. 11.2 Complex Patterns of Inheritance. EQ: What is the difference between sex linked genes and genes found on autosomal chromosomes? . Chromosomes and Phenotype. 14-1 Human Heredity. A. . Human chromosomes. -. chromosomes are analyzed by taking a photograph of condensed chromosomes during mitosis. -. the chromosomes are then cut out of the photograph and grouped together in pairs. Human Genes and Chromosomes. Chromosomes 21 and 22 are the smallest human autosomes. Chromosome 22 has about 43 million DNA base pairs. Chromosome 21 has about 32 million base pairs. . Chromosome 22 has about 545 different genes. Genetic disorders tat occur on chromosome 22 are leukemia and neurofibromatosis (a tumor causing disease). There is also a long stretch of repeating DNA that does not code for proteins. . :The inheritance of traits. Heredity Terms. . Genes:. Sections of DNA that code for a trait.. Heredity Terms. . Alleles:. Different forms of a gene that code for a trait. One from mom, one from dad.. Human Chromosomes. Human chromosomes. 46 total, 23 pairs. 22 pairs of autosomes. 1 pair of sex chromosomes. Male vs. female. Human Chromosomes. Human chromosomes. 46 total, 23 pairs. 22 pairs of autosomes. The production of gametes (sex cells). Males = spermatogenesis in the testes. Females = oogenesis in the ovaries. Mitosis vs Meiosis. (Remember). . Diploid. Contain the full number (set) of chromosomes. Problems arose however regarding the following question:. Why are the number of alleles which undergo independent assortment greater than the number of chromosomes of an organism?. This was . explained by the . Important. Notes. For revision only. Objectives: . Describe the number, structure, and classification of human chromosomes . Explain what a Karyotype is and how it is obtained. . Describe chromosomal banding and explain its use. . Gene Linkage. Where two or more genes occurs on the same chromosome. Located in close association with one another. Tend to be inherited together. Generally do not follow Mendel's law of independent assortment.