PPT-Human Chromosomes and Karyotyping

Chromosomal Disorders Chromosome abnormalities occur as a result of chromosome mutations brought on by mutagens like radiation or problems that occur during cell division The defects are classified as abnormalities of . CELL DIVISION. TOPIC . 2 - 2015. CHROMOSOMES . & CELL DIVISION. Things to cover. Chromosomes. Karyotypes. inc. . chromosomal. . disorders. Cell. division:. Mitosis. Meiosis. & fertilisation. Karyotypes. To find what makes us uniquely human, we have to explore the human genome. . A . genome. is the full set of genetic information that an organism carries in its DNA.. A study of any genome starts with chromosomes, the bundles of DNA and protein found in the nuclei of eukaryotic cells. . in Chimps and Humans. are Horrendously Different. Paul Giem. Loma Linda, CA. Y Chromosomes in Chimps and Humans. The common chimp (Pan troglodytes) and human Y chromosomes are "horrendously different from each other", says David Page of the Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research in Cambridge, Massachusetts. 14-1 Human Heredity. A. . Human chromosomes. -. chromosomes are analyzed by taking a photograph of condensed chromosomes during mitosis. -. the chromosomes are then cut out of the photograph and grouped together in pairs. Chromosomal mutations. …. Additional, missing, or damaged chromosomes cause several human genetic disorders.. One way of studying these disorders is to observe the chromosomes themselves. . Why do scientists study chromosomes?. Human Genes and Chromosomes. Chromosomes 21 and 22 are the smallest human autosomes. Chromosome 22 has about 43 million DNA base pairs. Chromosome 21 has about 32 million base pairs. . Chromosome 22 has about 545 different genes. Genetic disorders tat occur on chromosome 22 are leukemia and neurofibromatosis (a tumor causing disease). There is also a long stretch of repeating DNA that does not code for proteins. . Vocabulary. Karyotype. Autosome. Sex chromosome. Nondisjunction. Monosomy. Trisomy. Pedigree. Carrier. Restriction enzyme. Restriction site. Restriction fragment. Sticky ends. Recombination. Gel electrophoresis. Week’s Number. Lecture. 1. Introduction of human chromosomes. 2. Linkage, crossing over . 3. Chromosome mapping. 4. Sex determination systems and sex-linked inheritance . 5. Pedigree Analysis . 6. Pedigree Analysis . by. Mark S. Nardone. &. Roland M. Nardone, Ph.D.. Foundation for Advanced Education in the Sciences, Inc.. At the National Institutes of Health. Bethesda, MD. Karyotyping . Source: National Human Genome Research Institute. DISCLAIMER: • The presentation includes images which are taken from Google images or books . • They are being used in the presentation only for educational purpose . • The author of the presenta FLOW CYTOMETRY AppCATn nOTE minimal debris formation and large numbers of indiidual chromosomes for a well-resoled flow karyotype, protocols hae made use of stabilizing agents such as dialent c any agency employees, makes any warranty, for the process disclosed, rights. Reference commercial product, any agency and opinions expressed herein do not any agency This new set-up makes for the res Problems arose however regarding the following question:. Why are the number of alleles which undergo independent assortment greater than the number of chromosomes of an organism?. This was . explained by the . Important. Notes. For revision only. Objectives: . Describe the number, structure, and classification of human chromosomes . Explain what a Karyotype is and how it is obtained. . Describe chromosomal banding and explain its use. .