PPT-INTRODUCTION Chromosomes are the structures that contain the genetic material

They are complexes of DNA and proteins The genome comprises all the genetic material that an organism possesses In bacteria it is typically a single circular chromosome In eukaryotes it refers to one complete set of . ch. : 7. Sexual or Asexual. Asexual – involves a single parent organism and produces off-spring or daughter cells that are clones. Sexual Reproduction – involves genetic contribution in the form of gametes from two sources. GENES. DNA. DNA. :  the chemical inside the nucleus of a cell that carries the genetic instructions for making living organisms. . The material inside the nucleus of cells that carries genetic information.. By:. Dola Pathak. For:. STAT 992:Computational Statistics. SPRING 2015. 1. Motivating Example. Motivating Example. The . data were collected at . Baystate. Medical Center in Spring- field, Massachusetts, in . Suppose that the . anole lizard has . fifty-two. chromosomes in the nucleus of its body or somatic cells. How many chromosomes will be in the . unfertilized. . egg. of . an anole lizard. ?. 1. 13. Review of Mitosis. Mitosis is a form of . asexual reproduction. This means that it . only requires 1 organism . (ex. Skin cells dividing). For growth and repair in . somatic. (body) cells!. Results in 2 cells identical to the original (parent) cell. Chapter 19, lesson 3 . objective:predict. the consequences of refusal skills in various situations. Words to know. Heredity: the passing of traits from parents to their children. chromosomes: threadlike structures found within the nucleus. Project goals:. identify. all the approximately 20,000-25,000 genes in human DNA. determine. sequences of the 3 billion chemical base pairs that make up human DNA. Karyotype. Genetic Disorders. Major types of genetic disorders:. © Taylor & Francis 2015. ROLE OF GENES AND CHROMOSOMES. A zygote is a single fertilized cell.. A somatic cell is a body cell. . A germ cell is a sex cell. . Cell structure includes a cell membrane that surrounds the cell material (cytoplasm). The nucleus in the center of the cell houses the chromosomes.. ANGGOTA KELOMPOK. SRI YUNIARTININGSIH (P2BA10009). YAYUK SUGIYARTI (P2BA10025). IHDA SYFAI (P2BA10010). Origins of Genetic Variation Among Offspring. The behavior of chromosomes during meiosis and fertilization is responsible for most of the variation that arises in each generation. Polydactyly. Down Syndrome. Hemophelia. Progeria. Hypertrichosis. Sickle Cell Anaemia. INTRODUCTION. What is genetic diseases/disorders?. The human body is composed up of cells , each one specializing a particular function like sensing light, smelling . 22 pairs of autosomes. 1 pair of sex chromosomes. XX = Female, XY = Male. Karyotype - chromosomes are arranged according to shape and size. AN EXTRA COPY OF CHROMOSOME 21 CAUSES DOWN SYNDROME. This condition is called . karyotype. is an important clinical method for diagnosing genetic disorders.  Explain why it is useful for diagnosing . monosomies. and . trisomies. .”  . (3 marks). Key Ideas. karyotype. = photograph of all the chromosomes in a cell. DISCLAIMER: • The presentation includes images which are taken from Google images or books . • They are being used in the presentation only for educational purpose . • The author of the presenta INTRODUCTION. In 1865, Mendel showed that genes transmitted genetic information and in the first part of the 20. th. century, their patterns of transmission were studied extensively.. Although these classical genetic studies provided little insight into the molecular nature of genes, they did demonstrate that the genetic material must perform three essential functions: .