PDF-CHROMOSOMES

DISCLAIMER The presentation includes images which are taken from Google images or books They are being used in the presentation only for educational purpose The author of the presenta. EQ:. What is the importance of meiosis in providing genetic variation?. . SPECIALIZED CELLS. You have many specialized cells in your body that can be divided into two groups. . 1. . . SOMATIC. = body cells; make up most of your . CELL DIVISION. TOPIC . 2 - 2015. CHROMOSOMES . & CELL DIVISION. Things to cover. Chromosomes. Karyotypes. inc. . chromosomal. . disorders. Cell. division:. Mitosis. Meiosis. & fertilisation. Essential idea: Chromosomes carry genes in a linear sequence that is shared by members of a species.. The . asian. rice (. Oryza. sativa. ) genome can be seen illustrated . above. . Rice possesses up 63,000 genes divided up between 12 chromosomes. Karyotypes. To find what makes us uniquely human, we have to explore the human genome. . A . genome. is the full set of genetic information that an organism carries in its DNA.. A study of any genome starts with chromosomes, the bundles of DNA and protein found in the nuclei of eukaryotic cells. . DNA. Nucleic Acid macromolecule. DNA is long, thin molecule & stores genetic . information called . chromatin. Cell division requires compact structures = . chromosomes. Chromosomes . DNA . (. eukaryotic cells) coil around . Chromosomes carry genes in a linear sequence that is shared by members of a species.. Understandings:. Prokaryotes have one chromosome consisting of a circular DNA molecule. . Some prokaryotes also have plasmids but eukaryotes do not. .. Phases of Mitosis and Meiosis. Unit 2. glossary. Chromatin - diffuse, long fibers of DNA with proteins attached . Single chromosomes - a chromosome which has not been duplicated (like ½ of an x). Duplicated chromosomes - a chromosome which has been duplicated (a complete X). GENES. DNA. DNA. :  the chemical inside the nucleus of a cell that carries the genetic instructions for making living organisms. . The material inside the nucleus of cells that carries genetic information.. .. DNA . in cells is usually spread out so transcription can take place.. During . cell division, . chromosomes. form. .. Chromosomes are . DNA. and protein (. histones. ) coiled into a rod.. After DNA replicates, two . Human Genes and Chromosomes. Chromosomes 21 and 22 are the smallest human autosomes. Chromosome 22 has about 43 million DNA base pairs. Chromosome 21 has about 32 million base pairs. . Chromosome 22 has about 545 different genes. Genetic disorders tat occur on chromosome 22 are leukemia and neurofibromatosis (a tumor causing disease). There is also a long stretch of repeating DNA that does not code for proteins. . 3.2.1. . Bacterial Chromosomes (prokaryotes). Most only have 1 chromosome.. Which means, it only contains a single copy of each gene (except during cell division when chromosomes are replicated).. Has circular DNA that contains all genes needed for basic life processes of the cell.. Mutant organisms. What is a mutant organism?. An organism with a permanent change to its genome. What are mutants used for in research?. Expression of a fluorescent protein in a single pair of neurons . Associate Professor and Head. Department of Sericulture. Yuvaraja’s College, . University of Mysore, Mysore, India. 11-Sep-20. 1. www.hbmahesh.weebly.com. CHROMOSOMES. The chromosomes are nuclear components of special organization, individuality and function. They are capable of self reproduction and play a vital role in heredity, mutation and evolution.. 2n 2n Meiosis 2. How many DNA molecules are present in a chromosome of a cell in metaphase of mitosis? How many DNA molecules are present in a chromosome of a cell at metaphase II