PPT-Chromosomes Subtopic 3.2

321 Bacterial Chromosomes prokaryotes Most only have 1 chromosome Which means it only contains a single copy of each gene except during cell division when chromosomes are replicated Has circular DNA that contains all genes needed for basic life processes of the cell. Mitosis vs. Meiosis . Mitosis. One division. 2 diploid daughter cells. Identical to parent cell. Mitosis. Two divisions. 4. haploid daughter cells. Genetically different from. parent cell. http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/0072495855/student_view0/chapter28/animation__how_meiosis_works.html. CELL DIVISION. TOPIC . 2 - 2015. CHROMOSOMES . & CELL DIVISION. Things to cover. Chromosomes. Karyotypes. inc. . chromosomal. . disorders. Cell. division:. Mitosis. Meiosis. & fertilisation. Chromosome theory of inheritance. Genes located on chromosomes = gene locus. Thomas Hunt Morgan, Columbia Univ. “Fly room”. Drosophila. 100s of offspring. 2n = 8. 3 . prs. autosomes. X and Y sex chromosomes. Karyotypes. To find what makes us uniquely human, we have to explore the human genome. . A . genome. is the full set of genetic information that an organism carries in its DNA.. A study of any genome starts with chromosomes, the bundles of DNA and protein found in the nuclei of eukaryotic cells. . DNA. Nucleic Acid macromolecule. DNA is long, thin molecule & stores genetic . information called . chromatin. Cell division requires compact structures = . chromosomes. Chromosomes . DNA . (. eukaryotic cells) coil around . The Chromosome Theory of Heredity. Mutations. Regulation of Gene Expression. Objectives. State the chromosome theory of heredity. Explain how gene linkage affects inherited traits. Describe the process of crossing-over and explain how it increases genetic variety. in Chimps and Humans. are Horrendously Different. Paul Giem. Loma Linda, CA. Y Chromosomes in Chimps and Humans. The common chimp (Pan troglodytes) and human Y chromosomes are "horrendously different from each other", says David Page of the Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research in Cambridge, Massachusetts. diploid. Sex cells (gametes/germ cells) have only one set of chromosomes . . = . haploid. . That means when fertilization . occurs, the new individual will. have the correct number of chromosomes.. enter.  . a moderated caucus:.      A) After topic speeches.      B) during an open floor (no ongoing speeches, caucuses, etc.). To motion to move into a moderated caucus, be sure to.... A). state the time allotted to the caucus. Chromosomes carry genetic information. Chromosomes are wound up DNA. Diploid – Every body cell has 2 sets of chromosomes . n = number of chromosomes. Normal body cells have 2n (2 x n) chromosomes. Chromosomes carry genetic information. Chromosomes are wound up DNA. Diploid – Every body cell has 2 sets of chromosomes . n = number of chromosomes. Normal body cells have 2n (2 x n) chromosomes. 22 pairs of autosomes. 1 pair of sex chromosomes. XX = Female, XY = Male. Karyotype - chromosomes are arranged according to shape and size. AN EXTRA COPY OF CHROMOSOME 21 CAUSES DOWN SYNDROME. This condition is called . DISCLAIMER: • The presentation includes images which are taken from Google images or books . • They are being used in the presentation only for educational purpose . • The author of the presenta They are also called as mega chromosomes. . These chromosomes are very long and thick in appearance during metaphase than normal chromosomes.. Hence they are called as Giant chromosomes.. The Giant chromosomes are of two types-.