PPT-Unit 2.2 RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN DNA, CHROMOSOMES AND

GENES DNA DNA  the chemical inside the nucleus of a cell that carries the genetic instructions for making living organisms The material inside the nucleus of cells that carries genetic information. Essential idea: Chromosomes carry genes in a linear sequence that is shared by members of a species.. The . asian. rice (. Oryza. sativa. ) genome can be seen illustrated . above. . Rice possesses up 63,000 genes divided up between 12 chromosomes. Gametes. ________ are sex cells. . Haploid. The daughter cells produced at the end of meiosis II are considered- diploid or haploid?. Genetically DIFFERENT!. What is the genetic relationship of daughter cells to each other in meiosis?. Chromosomes carry genes in a linear sequence that is shared by members of a species.. Understandings:. Prokaryotes have one chromosome consisting of a circular DNA molecule. . Some prokaryotes also have plasmids but eukaryotes do not. .. diploid. Sex cells (gametes/germ cells) have only one set of chromosomes . . = . haploid. . That means when fertilization . occurs, the new individual will. have the correct number of chromosomes.. Chromosomes carry genetic information. Chromosomes are wound up DNA. Diploid – Every body cell has 2 sets of chromosomes . n = number of chromosomes. Normal body cells have 2n (2 x n) chromosomes. Topic 1: DNA Organization. By the end of this topic, you should be able to…. Identify parts of a chromosome. Explain why DNA has to copy and coil before cell division. Explain why cells cannot continue to grow forever. Advanced Higher Biology. Miss A Aitken. How do we become male or female?. Genes (most common). Sex can be determined by genetic factors. Environment (less common). Sex can be determined by things going on in the environment. Human Inheritance. Disorders caused by individual genes - dominant. Individuals with the disorder only need 1 allele to have the disorder. Huntington’s Disease. Caused by a repeat of the sequence CAG . 22 pairs of autosomes. 1 pair of sex chromosomes. XX = Female, XY = Male. Karyotype - chromosomes are arranged according to shape and size. AN EXTRA COPY OF CHROMOSOME 21 CAUSES DOWN SYNDROME. This condition is called . Take out your notebook. . Administration. Things to increase chances of success…. Get Warm Ups done & Keep track of them.. Stay organized.. Easy points.. Make your own or print off your website if you lose them.. Chromosome . ABERRATIONS. B.Ed. (. Hons. ) Secondary. Semester: I. Subject: Biology I (Minor). Course Title: General Biology. Represented By: Ms Sidra . Younis. Department of Education (Planning and Development) . They are also called as mega chromosomes. . These chromosomes are very long and thick in appearance during metaphase than normal chromosomes.. Hence they are called as Giant chromosomes.. The Giant chromosomes are of two types-. Question #1. Looking at the diagram below, what would be the correct order of the illustrated stages of mitosis?. B-D-C-A. A-B-C-D. A-B-D-C. B-C-D-A. Question #2. The diagram below illustrates the stages of the cell cycle. Inhibitors stop the cycle at G1 to avoid cells dividing out of control. When mutations take place and do not allow the inhibitors to stop the cell cycle, what can happen in the body?. Advanced Higher Biology. Miss A Aitken. National 5 Re-Cap. Haploid: One set of chromosomes – 23 . All gametes (sex cells – sperm and egg) are haploid. Diploid: Two sets of chromosomes – 46 (or 23 pairs).