PPT-CHROMOSOMES Dr. Mahesha H B

Associate Professor and Head Department of Sericulture Yuvarajas College University of Mysore Mysore India 11Sep20 1 wwwhbmaheshweeblycom CHROMOSOMES The chromosomes are nuclear components of special organization individuality and function They are capable of self reproduction and play a vital role in heredity mutation and evolution. CELL DIVISION. TOPIC . 2 - 2015. CHROMOSOMES . & CELL DIVISION. Things to cover. Chromosomes. Karyotypes. inc. . chromosomal. . disorders. Cell. division:. Mitosis. Meiosis. & fertilisation. Chromosomes carry genes in a linear sequence that is shared by members of a species.. Understandings:. Prokaryotes have one chromosome consisting of a circular DNA molecule. . Some prokaryotes also have plasmids but eukaryotes do not. .. The Chromosome Theory of Heredity. Mutations. Regulation of Gene Expression. Objectives. State the chromosome theory of heredity. Explain how gene linkage affects inherited traits. Describe the process of crossing-over and explain how it increases genetic variety. GENES. DNA. DNA. :  the chemical inside the nucleus of a cell that carries the genetic instructions for making living organisms. . The material inside the nucleus of cells that carries genetic information.. 1. 2 . 4. 8 . How many chromosomes are in the middle cell?. 1. 2 . 4. 8 . At what part of the cell cycle would you see a chromosome that looks like this. ?. G. 1. G. 2. . M. S . At what part of the cell cycle would you see a chromosome that looks like this? . Chromosomes carry genetic information. Chromosomes are wound up DNA. Diploid – Every body cell has 2 sets of chromosomes . n = number of chromosomes. Normal body cells have 2n (2 x n) chromosomes. .. DNA . in cells is usually spread out so transcription can take place.. During . cell division, . chromosomes. form. .. Chromosomes are . DNA. and protein (. histones. ) coiled into a rod.. After DNA replicates, two . Chromosomes carry genetic information. Chromosomes are wound up DNA. Diploid – Every body cell has 2 sets of chromosomes . n = number of chromosomes. Normal body cells have 2n (2 x n) chromosomes. Chromosomal Disorders. Chromosome abnormalities occur as a result of chromosome . mutations. brought on by . mutagens. (like radiation) or problems that occur during cell division.. . The defects are classified as abnormalities of . Yuvaraja’s College. University of Mysore, Mysore. 11 September 2020. 1. www.hbmahesh.weebly.com. Chromosomes . have definite . structure and organization, which is normally constant from one cell division to next. . They are complexes of DNA and proteins. The genome comprises all the genetic material that an organism possesses. In bacteria, it is typically a single circular chromosome. In eukaryotes, it refers to one complete set of . Mutant organisms. What is a mutant organism?. An organism with a permanent change to its genome. What are mutants used for in research?. Expression of a fluorescent protein in a single pair of neurons . DISCLAIMER: • The presentation includes images which are taken from Google images or books . • They are being used in the presentation only for educational purpose . • The author of the presenta They are also called as mega chromosomes. . These chromosomes are very long and thick in appearance during metaphase than normal chromosomes.. Hence they are called as Giant chromosomes.. The Giant chromosomes are of two types-.