PPT-3.2 Chromosomes

Chromosomes carry genes in a linear sequence that is shared by members of a species Understandings Prokaryotes have one chromosome consisting of a circular DNA molecule Some prokaryotes also have plasmids but eukaryotes do not . Karyotypes. To find what makes us uniquely human, we have to explore the human genome. . A . genome. is the full set of genetic information that an organism carries in its DNA.. A study of any genome starts with chromosomes, the bundles of DNA and protein found in the nuclei of eukaryotic cells. . The Chromosome Theory of Heredity. Mutations. Regulation of Gene Expression. Objectives. State the chromosome theory of heredity. Explain how gene linkage affects inherited traits. Describe the process of crossing-over and explain how it increases genetic variety. Phases of Mitosis and Meiosis. Unit 2. glossary. Chromatin - diffuse, long fibers of DNA with proteins attached . Single chromosomes - a chromosome which has not been duplicated (like ½ of an x). Duplicated chromosomes - a chromosome which has been duplicated (a complete X). GENES. DNA. DNA. :  the chemical inside the nucleus of a cell that carries the genetic instructions for making living organisms. . The material inside the nucleus of cells that carries genetic information.. Chromosomes carry genetic information. Chromosomes are wound up DNA. Diploid – Every body cell has 2 sets of chromosomes . n = number of chromosomes. Normal body cells have 2n (2 x n) chromosomes. .. DNA . in cells is usually spread out so transcription can take place.. During . cell division, . chromosomes. form. .. Chromosomes are . DNA. and protein (. histones. ) coiled into a rod.. After DNA replicates, two . Chromosomes carry genetic information. Chromosomes are wound up DNA. Diploid – Every body cell has 2 sets of chromosomes . n = number of chromosomes. Normal body cells have 2n (2 x n) chromosomes. 3.2.1. . Bacterial Chromosomes (prokaryotes). Most only have 1 chromosome.. Which means, it only contains a single copy of each gene (except during cell division when chromosomes are replicated).. Has circular DNA that contains all genes needed for basic life processes of the cell.. They are complexes of DNA and proteins. The genome comprises all the genetic material that an organism possesses. In bacteria, it is typically a single circular chromosome. In eukaryotes, it refers to one complete set of . Mutant organisms. What is a mutant organism?. An organism with a permanent change to its genome. What are mutants used for in research?. Expression of a fluorescent protein in a single pair of neurons . Associate Professor and Head. Department of Sericulture. Yuvaraja’s College, . University of Mysore, Mysore, India. 11-Sep-20. 1. www.hbmahesh.weebly.com. CHROMOSOMES. The chromosomes are nuclear components of special organization, individuality and function. They are capable of self reproduction and play a vital role in heredity, mutation and evolution.. Fusion DNAreplicationAcentricfragment Dicentric Chromosome Formation Dicentricchromosome Radiationexposure Centromere Scoring Dicentrics with New Technologies 80 Slide Feeder Digital Camera and Image DISCLAIMER: • The presentation includes images which are taken from Google images or books . • They are being used in the presentation only for educational purpose . • The author of the presenta 2n 2n Meiosis 2. How many DNA molecules are present in a chromosome of a cell in metaphase of mitosis? How many DNA molecules are present in a chromosome of a cell at metaphase II