PPT-Chapter 14.2 Human Chromosomes

Human Genes and Chromosomes Chromosomes 21 and 22 are the smallest human autosomes Chromosome 22 has about 43 million DNA base pairs Chromosome 21 has about 32 million base pairs Chromosome 22 has about 545 different genes Genetic disorders tat occur on chromosome 22 are leukemia and neurofibromatosis a tumor causing disease There is also a long stretch of repeating DNA that does not code for proteins . Camp Sunshine. July 22, 2013. Diamond . Blackfan. Anemia . Foundation. Diamond . Blackfan. Anemia Canada. THE FUNDAMENTALS. Humans have 46 chromosomes in each cell: 23 pairs. Sperm and egg cells have 23 chromosomes, 1 of each pair.. Mendel used pea plants to study genetics. Why were humans not equally ideal subjects? . Fruit Fly. Drosophila . melanogaster. . . Ideal organism used to study genetics. Suggested by Thomas Hunt Morgan. Karyotypes. To find what makes us uniquely human, we have to explore the human genome. . A . genome. is the full set of genetic information that an organism carries in its DNA.. A study of any genome starts with chromosomes, the bundles of DNA and protein found in the nuclei of eukaryotic cells. . in Chimps and Humans. are Horrendously Different. Paul Giem. Loma Linda, CA. Y Chromosomes in Chimps and Humans. The common chimp (Pan troglodytes) and human Y chromosomes are "horrendously different from each other", says David Page of the Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research in Cambridge, Massachusetts.  . I. Genetic, Cytological, and Physical Maps. II. Human Genome Project. A. . Goals of the Human Genome Project. B. . Public and Private First Drafts of the Human Genome Sequence. 14-1 Human Heredity. A. . Human chromosomes. -. chromosomes are analyzed by taking a photograph of condensed chromosomes during mitosis. -. the chromosomes are then cut out of the photograph and grouped together in pairs. Week’s Number. Lecture. 1. Introduction of human chromosomes. 2. Linkage, crossing over . 3. Chromosome mapping. 4. Sex determination systems and sex-linked inheritance . 5. Pedigree Analysis . 6. Pedigree Analysis . Ms. Diana and Ms. Su’ad. Karyotype Studies. The study of genetic material does not only involve the study of genes. It also involves whole chromosomes by using images of chromosomes stained during metaphase. . Lecturer . Dr. Samah A. Jassam BSc MSc PhD . MRSB. Al-Mustansiriya University . Collage of Pharmacy. What is the secret behind the . transmission of hereditary characteristics from generation to . 22 pairs of autosomes. 1 pair of sex chromosomes. XX = Female, XY = Male. Karyotype - chromosomes are arranged according to shape and size. AN EXTRA COPY OF CHROMOSOME 21 CAUSES DOWN SYNDROME. This condition is called . Human Chromosomes. Human chromosomes. 46 total, 23 pairs. 22 pairs of autosomes. 1 pair of sex chromosomes. Male vs. female. Human Chromosomes. Human chromosomes. 46 total, 23 pairs. 22 pairs of autosomes. The production of gametes (sex cells). Males = spermatogenesis in the testes. Females = oogenesis in the ovaries. Mitosis vs Meiosis. (Remember). . Diploid. Contain the full number (set) of chromosomes. Problems arose however regarding the following question:. Why are the number of alleles which undergo independent assortment greater than the number of chromosomes of an organism?. This was . explained by the . Important. Notes. For revision only. Objectives: . Describe the number, structure, and classification of human chromosomes . Explain what a Karyotype is and how it is obtained. . Describe chromosomal banding and explain its use. .