PPT-Chapter 12 Chromosomes and

Human Inheritance Disorders caused by individual genes dominant Individuals with the disorder only need 1 allele to have the disorder Huntingtons Disease Caused by a repeat of the sequence CAG . Chromosome theory of inheritance. Genes located on chromosomes = gene locus. Thomas Hunt Morgan, Columbia Univ. “Fly room”. Drosophila. 100s of offspring. 2n = 8. 3 . prs. autosomes. X and Y sex chromosomes. C8 Cells arise from pre-existing cells, and cell division leads to an increase in cell number. C8.1 explain why the amount of . dna. in a cell doubles before division. Cells contain . Deoxyribose. nucleic acid. Sexual Life Cycles. modes of reproduction. diploid/haploid and meiosis. meiosis I and meiosis II phases. key differences between mitosis and meiosis. variation in position of meiosis in life cycles. why sex?. The Chromosomal Basis . of. Inheritance. Chromosome Theory of Inheritance. 1860: Mendel. 1875: stages of mitosis. 1890: stages of meiosis. 1902: Walter Sutton & Theodor . Boveri. noted parallels between Mendel’s “factors” & what chromosomes do in mitosis & meiosis.  . I. Genetic, Cytological, and Physical Maps. II. Human Genome Project. A. . Goals of the Human Genome Project. B. . Public and Private First Drafts of the Human Genome Sequence. Human Genes and Chromosomes. Chromosomes 21 and 22 are the smallest human autosomes. Chromosome 22 has about 43 million DNA base pairs. Chromosome 21 has about 32 million base pairs. . Chromosome 22 has about 545 different genes. Genetic disorders tat occur on chromosome 22 are leukemia and neurofibromatosis (a tumor causing disease). There is also a long stretch of repeating DNA that does not code for proteins. . Ms. Diana and Ms. Su’ad. Karyotype Studies. The study of genetic material does not only involve the study of genes. It also involves whole chromosomes by using images of chromosomes stained during metaphase. . 1. Chromosomal Theory of Inheritance. Theodor . Boveri. Walter Sutton. In 1902, Walter Sutton and Theodor . Boveri. developed the . Chromosome Theory of Inheritance. . . This theory basically states that Mendelian genes have a specific locus on the chromosome and that chromosomes undergo segregation and independent assortment during meiosis. . Genetics – study of heredity. Gene – determinant of heredity. Chapter is outline of basic principles of genetics. www.sardi.sa.gov.au/. livestock. /meat_wool/breeding_. genetics. Cell Theory of Inheritance. Homologous - glossary. Diploid - glossary. Haploid - glossary. Meiosis. Tetrad - glossary. Crossing Over - glossary. Zygote - glossary. Section 4. Meiosis. Standards: 4C.1, 4C.3. Objectives:. Summarize the events of meiosis.. 22 pairs of autosomes. 1 pair of sex chromosomes. XX = Female, XY = Male. Karyotype - chromosomes are arranged according to shape and size. AN EXTRA COPY OF CHROMOSOME 21 CAUSES DOWN SYNDROME. This condition is called . The production of gametes (sex cells). Males = spermatogenesis in the testes. Females = oogenesis in the ovaries. Mitosis vs Meiosis. (Remember). . Diploid. Contain the full number (set) of chromosomes. They are also called as mega chromosomes. . These chromosomes are very long and thick in appearance during metaphase than normal chromosomes.. Hence they are called as Giant chromosomes.. The Giant chromosomes are of two types-. and Human Development. Behavior Genetics. Behavior Geneticists - Weigh the effects of our environment and heredity. The basics. Humans have 46 chromosomes (23 from mom/23 from dad). Chromosomes contain DNA.