PPT-GENETIC MATERIAL (DNA/RNA)

INTRODUCTION In 1865 Mendel showed that genes transmitted genetic information and in the first part of the 20 th century their patterns of transmission were studied extensively Although these classical genetic studies provided little insight into the molecular nature of genes they did demonstrate that the genetic material must perform three essential functions . Overview. Focus on:. Structure of DNA/RNA – can I draw it or interpret drawings. DNA Replication – can I describe the basic process. RNA Transcription – can I explain role of each type of RNA. Biosynthesis of Proteins – can I explain the basic process. Unit 7. Chapter 12. DNA. D. eoxyribo. n. ucleic . A. cid. RNA. R. ibo. n. ucleic . A. cid. Where does DNA “live”?. The NUCLEUS!. Why is DNA so Important?. * . DNA i. s a nucleic acid that contains the genetic information used in the development and functioning of all living things and some viruses.. When DNA codes for RNA, the process is called . TRANSCRIPTION. . When RNA codes for proteins, the process is called . TRANSLATION. .. There are 3 types of . rna. , however only mRNA is involved in transcription. Add to Table . of Contents. p. 10 DNA/RNA Vocabulary. p. 11 DNA/RNA Structures. p. 12 Complementary Base-Pairing. DNA. Deoxyribonucleic Acid. Double-stranded. Double-helix structure. Made of nucleotides - each nucleotide has 3 parts (remember PBS). Nucleic Acids. What do we know already?. i. . The nucleic acids DNA and RNA are polymers of nucleotides. Nucleotides consist of 3 parts. A 5-carbon sugar – ribose or deoxyribose. A phosphate group (acidic & negatively-charged). Essential idea: The structure of DNA allows efficient storage of genetic information.. There is 2m of DNA in each human cell, however the most cells in the human body have a diameter of 10 . μm. . This DNA is divided in chromosomes and coiled around proteins called histones so that it can be efficiently stored in each cell's nucleus. The human genome project which has decoded the case sequence for the whole 2m of the human genome requires a data warehouse (pictured) to store the information electronically. This should give a good idea of just how efficient DNA is at storing information and why it needs to be so.. CH. 5 & 6 REVIEW. ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS:. 1. What macromolecule group does DNA & RNA belong in?. 2. What monomer do we use to assemble the macromolecule group from question #1.. CH. 5 & 6 REVIEW. History of DNA. 8.1. Frederick Griffith - 1928. Investigated two forms of the bacteria that causes pneumonia. Smooth (S): known to be deadly. Rough (R): not known to be deadly. Injected bacterial strains into mice with interesting results. Chapter 12 DNA & RNA I.DNA A. Griffith & Transformation Frederick Griffith was trying to figure out how bacteria made people sick-how they cause a certain type of pneumonia. He isolated 2 strains(types) from mice-both cultured well,but only one caused pneumonia.The culture of the disease causing bacteria were __________________colonies while the other was rough Essential idea: . The structure of DNA allows efficient storage of genetic information. . 2.6 Structure of DNA and RNA. Nature . of science: . Using . models as representation of the real world—Crick and Watson used model making to discover the structure of DNA. (1.10) . Unequivoca. l Proof . 1952. Worked with Bacteriophage. Attaches to bacteria Genetic Material in cell Cell treats it as its own More Virus particles synthesized. Whether protein has entered or DNA. 1. What is the hidden Genetic code? Why is it hidden? Why genetic?. 2. How is it subject to the laws of evolution?. 3. What is the crucial difference between RNA and DNA that makes this possible?. 4. What does it do to the old rule of “one gene, one protein”? Explain.. 2022-23 2022-23 2022-23 2022-23 2022-23 2022-23 2022-23 2022-23 2022-23 2022-23 2022-23 2022-23 2022-23 2022-23 2022-23 2022-23 2022-23 2022-23 2022-23 2022-23 2022-23 2022-23 2022-23 2022-23 2022-23 A typical tRNA molecule has a cloverleaf shape when hydrogen bonds form between complementary bases within the tRNA. The acceptor stem attaches to an amino acid and its anticodon bonds with a codon on mRNA..