Blood is the only fluid tissue in the human body Blood is classified as a connective tissue Blood carries nutrients waste and body heat through blood vessels Components of blood Living cells ID: 912803
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Slide1
Blood
Slide2Blood-the
“River of Life”
Blood is the only fluid tissue in the human body. Blood is classified as a connective tissue. Blood carries nutrients, waste, and body heat through blood vessels. Components of bloodLiving cells Formed elementsNon-living matrix Plasma
Slide3Blood Composition
If blood is centrifuged
Erythrocytes sink to the bottom (45% of blood, a percentage known as the hematocrit)Buffy coat contains leukocytes and platelets (less than 1% of blood)Buffy coat is a thin, whitish layer between the erythrocytes and plasmaPlasma rises to the top (55% of blood)
The formed elements (blood cells) make blood heavier and 5 times thicker (more viscous) than water.
Slide4Figure 10.1 (2 of 2)
Blood
Slide5Physical Characteristics of Blood
Color range
Oxygen-rich blood is scarlet redOxygen-poor blood is dull redpH must remain between 7.35–7.45
Acidosis (pH7. 2) Death (pH 7)
Slide6Physical Characteristics of Blood
Blood temperature is slightly higher than body temperature at 100.4°F
In a healthy man, blood volume is about 5–6 liters or about 6 quarts Blood makes up 8% of body weight
Slide7Functions of Blood
Functions
include (More details on next 3 slides)Distributing substances Regulating blood levels of substances
Protection
Slide8Distribution Functions
Delivering O
2 and nutrients to body cellsTransporting metabolic wastes to lungs and kidneys for eliminationTransporting hormones from endocrine organs to target organs
Slide9Regulation Functions
Maintaining body temperature by absorbing and distributing heat
Maintaining normal pH using buffers; alkaline reserve of bicarbonate ionsMaintaining adequate fluid volume in circulatory system
Slide10Protection Functions
Preventing blood loss
Plasma proteins and platelets initiate clot formationPreventing infection AntibodiesComplement proteinsWBCs
Slide11Blood
Plasma Composition
Composed of approximately 90% waterIncludes many dissolved substancesNutrientsSalts (electrolytes)Respiratory gasesHormones
Plasma proteins
Waste products
Slide12Blood Plasma
Plasma proteins
Most abundant solutes in plasmaMost plasma proteins are made by liverVarious plasma proteins includeAlbumin—regulates osmotic pressureFibrinogen: Clotting
proteins—help to stem blood loss when a blood vessel is injured
Globulins
: Antibodies
—help protect the body from pathogens
Slide13Blood
Plasma: Homeostatic imbalances
AcidosisBlood becomes too acidicAlkalosisBlood becomes too basicIn each scenario, the respiratory system and kidneys help restore blood pH to normal
Slide14Formed Elements
Erythrocytes
Red blood cells (RBCs)Leukocytes White blood cells (WBCs)Platelets Cell fragments