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Cholesterol and Heart Disease Cholesterol and Heart Disease

Cholesterol and Heart Disease - PowerPoint Presentation

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Cholesterol and Heart Disease - PPT Presentation

Beth Kalicki Heli J Roy PhD RD Pennington Biomedical Research Center Cholesterol Trends Blood cholesterol levels correlate with weight However lean individuals can have high cholesterol levels ID: 663489

2010 cholesterol pbrc 2009 cholesterol 2010 2009 pbrc heart high range research http www retrieved august diet level blood healthy hdl center

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Slide1

Cholesterol and Heart Disease

Beth KalickiHeli J. Roy, PhD, RDPennington Biomedical Research CenterSlide2

Cholesterol Trends

Blood cholesterol levels correlate with weight. However, lean individuals can have high cholesterol levels.Blood cholesterol levels also correlate with the diet. A diet high in saturated fat and cholesterol increases blood cholesterol level.

Some individuals have high blood cholesterol level due to genetics.

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PBRC 2010Slide3

Cholesterol in the Body

Cholesterol travels in the bloodstream. It is vital to the functioning of the human body.It serves three main functions:

to make steroid hormones

to produce bile acids

it is a main component of cell membranes and structures.

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Development of Heart Disease

High level of blood cholesterol can cause accumulation of cholesterol in the arteries. There are no signs of accumulation at early stages.Build up of cholesterol leads to hardening of arteries.

Hardening of arteries can lead to heart attack and stroke.

Atherosclerosis can begin in childhood.

After age 20, it is recommended that blood cholesterol levels be checked every five years.

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Where Does Cholesterol Come From?

Cholesterol is made by the liver and is also consumed in the diet.The intestinal track absorbs the cholesterol from foods. Excess cholesterol that is not used for hormone production accumulates in the bloodstream and cells and can result in cholesterol plaques.

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PBRC 2010Slide6

Cholesterol Types:

There are 3 main types of cholesterol:

High Density Lipoproteins (HDL)

Low Density Lipoproteins (LDL)

Very Low Density Lipoproteins (VLDL)

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PBRC 2010Slide7

The Bad Cholesterol = LDL

Levels should be less than 100 mg/

dL

The Good Cholesterol = HDL

Levels should be greater than or equal to 60 mg/

dL

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PBRC 2010Slide8

Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL)

LDL cholesterol level is controlled by the liver and the intestines.Consuming foods that are high in cholesterol can increase cholesterol absorption and blood cholesterol level.

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PBRC 2010Slide9

High Density Lipoprotein (HDL)

HDL helps to remove cholesterol from the body, which lowers the risk for heart disease. HDL Cholesterol level that is <40 is a risk factor for heart disease.HDL Cholesterol level that is > 60 is cardio-protective.

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PBRC 2010Slide10

Ho to Improve High Density Lipoprotein (HDL)

To increase HDL Cholesterol:exercise regularly,

maintain a healthy weight and BMI,

avoid smoking,

eliminate trans fats, increase the amount of monounsaturated fats,

add soluble fiber to your diet (Ex: oats, fruits, nuts), and have alcoholic drinks occasionally.

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PBRC 2010Slide11

Cholesterol Guidelines for children

Cholesterol level guidelines for children and adolescents (age 2 to 19):

Total Cholesterol:

Acceptable range = less than 170 mg/

dL

Borderline range = 170 to 199 mg/

dLHigh range = 200 or greater mg/dL

LDL Cholesterol:

Acceptable range = less than 110 mg/

dL

Borderline range = 110 to 129 mg/

dL

High range = 130 or greater mg/

dL

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PBRC 2010Slide12

Cholesterol Guidelines for Adults

Cholesterol level guidelines for adults (age 20 and older):

Total Cholesterol:

Acceptable range = less than 200 mg/

dL

Borderline range = 200 to 239 mg/

dLHigh Range = greater than or equal to 240 mg/

dL

LDL Cholesterol:

Acceptable range = less than 100 mg/

dL

Borderline range = 130 to 159 mg/

dL

High range = 160 to 189 mg/

dL

Extremely High Range = greater than or equal to 190 mg/

dL

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PBRC 2010Slide13

Reducing Blood Cholesterol Levels

Limit foods that are high in saturated and trans fats.Limit cholesterol intake to less than 300 mg daily. Substitute soy protein for animal protein occasionally.

Eat a diet that is rich in fiber and whole grains. (The recommendation is to consume

25 to 30 grams

of fiber daily).

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PBRC 2010Slide14

Reducing Blood Cholesterol Levels

Eat a diet that is low in cholesterol, saturated fats, and free of trans fatsParticipate in moderate intensity exercise at least 30 minutes a dayMaintain healthy weight and BMI

Get a periodic physical exam

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PBRC 2010Slide15

Dietary Recommendations

Choose Margarine Over ButterChoose Whole Grain Bread

Rules to Remember When Selecting Foods:

The first ingredient listed on the Nutrition Facts and Ingredients label is the one that is used the most.

Always try to choose foods that have fats and oils listed later on in the ingredients label.

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PBRC 2010Slide16

Dietary Recommendations for Children to Prevent High Cholesterol

Encourage children to consume a variety of fruits and vegetables.Offer whole grain breads and cereals.

Help them choose low fat foods.

Help them maintain their weight within normal range.

Make sure they get 60 minutes of physical activity most days of the week.

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Authors:

Beth Kalicki

Heli

Roy, PhD, RD

Division of Education

Phillip Brantley, PhD, Director

Pennington Biomedical Research Center

Steven

Heymsfield

, MD, Executive

Director

The Pennington Biomedical Research Center is a world-renowned nutrition research center.

 

Mission:

To promote healthier lives through research and education in nutrition and preventive medicine.

The Pennington Center has several research areas, including:

Clinical Obesity Research

Experimental Obesity

Functional Foods

Health and Performance Enhancement

Nutrition and Chronic Diseases

Nutrition and the Brain

Dementia, Alzheimer’s and healthy aging

Diet, exercise, weight loss and weight loss maintenance

The research fostered in these areas can have a profound impact on healthy living and on the prevention of common chronic diseases, such as heart disease, cancer, diabetes, hypertension and osteoporosis.

The Division of Education provides education and information to the scientific community and the public about research findings, training programs and research areas, and coordinates educational events for the public on various health issues.

We invite people of all ages and backgrounds to participate in the exciting research studies being conducted at the Pennington Center in Baton Rouge, Louisiana. If you would like to take part, visit the clinical trials web page at www.pbrc.edu or call (225) 763-3000. 

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PBRC 2010Slide18

References

American Diabetes Association. (2009). Diabetes, Cholesterol, and Heart Disease.

Fact Sheet.

Retrieved August 13,2009, from

http://www.diabetes.org/utils/printthispage.jsp?PageID=

ALLABOUTDIABETES_253269

American Heart Association. (2009). About Cholesterol.

Cholesterol

. Retrieved August 11, 2009, from http://www.americanheart.org/print_presenter.

Jhtml?identifier

=512

American Heart Association. (2009). Cholesterol: Welcome to the first step for a healthy heart.

Cholesterol

. Retrieved August 13, 2009, from http://www.americanheart.org/print_presenter.jhtml?identifier=1516

American Heart Association. (2009). High Cholesterol Increases Your Risk.

Cholesterol

. Retrieved August 13, 2009, from http://www.americanheart.org/presenter.jhtml?identifier=1502

American Heart Association. (2009). It’s Not Just a Man’s Problem.

Women and Cholesterol

. Retrieved August 13, 2009, from http://www.americanheart.org/print_presenter.jhtml?identifier=185

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PBRC 2010Slide19

References

A

merican Heart Association. (2009). Learn The Facts.

Cholesterol

. Retrieved August 13, 2009, from http://www.americanheart.org/

presenter.jhtml?identifier

=3006030

American Heart Association. (2009). Start Healthy Habits Early.

Children and Cholesterol

. Retrieved August 13, 2009, from

http://americanheart.org/presenter.jhtml?identifier=211

Center For Disease Control. (2006). Cholesterol Fact Sheet.

Fact Sheets and At-A-Glance Reports

. Retrieved August 18,2009, from http://www.cdc.gov/

print.do?url

=http://www.cdc.gov/DHDSP/library/fs_cholesterol.htm

Federal Citizen Information Center. (2009). What You Need to Know About

Cholesterol.

Health

. Retrieved August 18, 2009, from

http://www.pueblo.gsa.gov/cfocus/cfcholesterol08/focus.htm

Nazano

, Brenda. (2009). High Cholesterol: Heart-Healthy Diet.

Cholesterol

Management Guide

. Retrieved August 13, 2009, from

http://webmd.com/cholesterol-management/guide/heart-healthy-

diet?print

=true

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PBRC 2010