Ancient Cities Walled Temples and Palaces in Middle settlements surrounding Graves outside the cities well planned narrow passages City States Trade oriented diffused along the Mediterranean ID: 691453
Download Presentation The PPT/PDF document "Cities Throughout History" is the property of its rightful owner. Permission is granted to download and print the materials on this web site for personal, non-commercial use only, and to display it on your personal computer provided you do not modify the materials and that you retain all copyright notices contained in the materials. By downloading content from our website, you accept the terms of this agreement.
Slide1
Cities Throughout History
Ancient Cities : Walled, Temples and Palaces in Middle, settlements surrounding. Graves outside the cities, well planned, narrow passages
City States: Trade oriented, diffused along the Mediterranean
Roman Cities: Connected by roads
Medieval Cities: Walled cities in Europe, supported by surplus from rural areasSlide2Slide3
Modern World Cities
Headquarters of Major Banks and other financial institutions
Higher % of affluent
Clustering of major corporations
Disproportionately high # of fine dining, plays, opera, pro. sports teams, clubs, bars, etc.
Headquarters for trade organizations, professional organizations, multinational organizationsSlide4
Hierarchy of CitiesSlide5
Why Downtown?
CBD
Accessibility…
High land costs
Underground …
Peak Value Intersection
Skyscrapers
Vertical Geography
Clustering (
agllomeration
)
Financial analysts near brokerage firms; lawyers
Traditionally High Threshold businesses…
Ex: Goldsmiths,
Bry’s
, Sears,
Wollworth
Traditionally High Range businesses…Slide6
Downtown Today
What other businesses are located downtown?
Financial, government, legal…
Lunch…
New downtown malls…
Ban motor vehicles…
Entertainment Districts…
Sports
Downtown living has declined…
Manufacturing decline has led to…
Empty nesters and “yuppies”Slide7
Land Costs in CBD
Most high in world cities…
Ex: Tokyo business men – hotels
Intensive Land Use
Space is used below and…
Skyscrapers
Sense of place…
Rent differs…
Dominates skylines worldwide
Europe
Narrow streets and
lowrise
…
Parks in the center…
Limitations on cars and…
Preservation of historic CBDSlide8
Why the Suburbs?
Historic emphasis on neighborhoods and downtown has been replaced by suburbanization
After WWII the transportation changed
Prosperity
Leisure to…
Streetcars…
Enabled people and business…
Retailers and people went where land was abundant and cheaper
Neighborhood grocers have been replaced by…
Downtown shopping has been replaced by…
Factories abandoned 2-4 story CBD sites for large…
Technology encouraged service businesses…
Geography of nowhere???Slide9Slide10
Where Have Cities Grown?Slide11
UrbanizationSlide12Slide13Slide14Slide15
Physical Definitions of a City
City
Self-Governing unit
Urbanized Area
Density is greater than 1000/sq. mile
70% of US (30 city, 40 surrounding areas)
Metropolitan Statistical Area
Pop. Of at least 50,000
The county within which the city is located
Adjacent Counties w/high pop. And large% of residents working in the county the city is in
Micropolitan
Statistical Area
Urbanized area between 10,000 and 50,000 (Considered Rural)
Overlapping Metropolitan Areas (Conurbation)
Megalopolis, (
Boswash
,
Tokaido
,
Jakota
Triangle)Slide16Slide17
Where Are People Distributed Within Cities? Models of Urban StructureSlide18
Concentric Zone Model
Sociologist E.W. BurgessSlide19
Sector Model
Economist Homer HoytSlide20
Multiple Nuclei Model
Geographers Harris and
UllmanSlide21Slide22Slide23Slide24
European CitiesSlide25
Less Developed Cities
Precolonial
Cities
Colonial Cities
Cities Since IndependenceSlide26Slide27Slide28Slide29
Latin American Model
Geographers Griffin and
FordSlide30
http://aphg.northgwinnett.com/aphg/review-guides-aphg-1Slide31
http://aphg.northgwinnett.com/aphg/review-guides-aphg-1Slide32
Squatter Settlements
Barrios – Mexico, Central America
Barriadas
– (Spanish) South America
Favelas
– Brazil (Portuguese)
Bidonvilles
– North Africa
Bustees
– India
Gecekondu
– Turkey
Kampongs – Malaysia
Barong-Barong –
Phillipines
Slide33
Inner-City Economic Problems
Loss of Tax Revenue Do to Suburbanization
Funding Gap
Federal Tax Cuts
Annexation of Peripheral Land
Prohibition Challenges
Too much annexation???Slide34
Chicago, ILSlide35
Inner City Physical Problems
Deterioration
Filtering
Redlining
Carter to
Fanie
Mae
Urban
Renewel
Public Housing
Gov. Subsidies
Cluster vs. “Scatter-site”
Renovated Housing
GentrificationSlide36
Inner City Social Problems
Underclass
High rates of…
Lack of Job Skills
Homelessness
Poverty Cycle
Family Decay
Crime
Ethnic and Racial SegregationSlide37
Suburban Sprawl and Smart GrowthSlide38
Suburban Challenges
Costs to the inner core
Roads and utilities must be extended
Aesthetic loss (parking lots, Geog. Of Nowhere)
Loss of Agricultural land
Suburban Segregation
Zoning ordinances
Income segregation
Reliance on Personal transportation
Rush hour commutingSlide39Slide40
Peripheral ModelSlide41
Cleveland, OhioSlide42Slide43
New Urbanism and Smart Growth
Purpose:
Limit Sprawl
Reduce Traffic Congestion
Reverse Inner-City Decline
Compact and Contiguous Development
Protection of Rural farm, Recreation, and Wildlife areas