Medication Safety and Poison Prevention Keeping Children Safe From Injuries in Early Care and Education Settings Welcome Date Location PRESENTER INFORMATION HERE Learning Objectives Explain why children are at risk for medication poisonings ID: 673064
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Keeping Children Safe From Injuries in Early Care and Education Settings
Medication Safety and Poison PreventionSlide2
Keeping Children Safe From Injuriesin Early Care and Education Settings Welcome
DateLocationPRESENTER INFORMATION HERESlide3
Learning ObjectivesExplain why children are at risk for medication poisonings Identify ways to prevent poisonings in early care and education settings
Learn what to do when a poisoning has occurred or is suspected in early education and child care settingsSlide4
Medication Administration TrainingToday’s presentation is focused on medication safetyCheck state regulations around medication administration requirements for early care and education providers
Medication Administration trainings are available Slide5
“If a disease were killing our children in the proportions that injuries are, people would be outraged and demand that this killer be stopped.”C. Everett Koop, MD
Former US Surgeon GeneralSlide6
Injury Deaths Compared to Other Leading Causes of Death
(Ages 1–44, United States, 2013)Slide7
InjurySlide8
Injuries Among Children
Leading cause of death and disability10% of injuries in preschoolers happen in early care and education settingsNot accidentsPreventable and predictableSlide9
ImagineSlide10
Caring for Our Children
StandardsCaring for Our Children: National Health and Safety Performance Standards—Guidelines for Early Care and Education Programs (CFOC)3rd editionAvailable at http://cfoc.nrckids.org (free download and purchase options)Slide11
InjuriesPediatric first aid kit Pediatric CPR and first aid trainingCommunication device for emergencies (911)
Document and notify parents and state licensing agencyReport serious injuries to appropriate authoritiesSlide12
The Early Care and Education Provider
Relationship with family and childModel safety for children and familiesSlide13
The problemSlide14
How Busy Is Poison Control?Of the 1.34 MILLION calls made to Poison Control Centers for children, what percentage were medicine related?
10%29%33%49%Slide15
How Busy Are Poison Control Centers?
10%29%33%49%Slide16
Poisonings in the Emergency DepartmentOn average, how many young children are treated in the emergency department every day?
1050100>150Slide17
Medication Safety
1050100>150Slide18
The Facts: WhoGreater than 50% of calls for poisonings were for what age group?
0–12 months1–2 years3–4 years4–5 yearsSlide19
High Risk: What Age?
0–12 months1–2 years3–4 years4–5 years Slide20
Whose Medicine?Of the medication poisonings, what percentage of the medicine belonged to someone the child knew?
10%20%50%>75%Slide21
Whose Medicine?
Children can get into early care and education providers’ medications, too!10%20%50%>75%Slide22
Why are children at risk for poisonings?Slide23
Children and Medication RiskDevelopmentalCurious
explorersEverything goes in mouth PhysicalMedication weight basedOne pill can killSlide24
Look-a-Like MedicationsChildren don’t know difference between pills and candy Provider should be familiar with look-a-like medications and packagingSlide25
Mistaken IdentitySlide26
Mistaken IdentitySlide27
Mistaken IdentitySlide28
What Children Are Getting Into
Younger than age 1: Diaper care/rash productsAges 1‒4: Ibuprofen, vitamins, and diaper care/rash productsSlide29
Methods of Poisoning
Ingestion (eating or drinking) ~ 85% of poisonings Absorption (skin or eyes)Inhalation (breathing) Animal and insect bitesInjection (skin puncture)Slide30
Most Serious Household PoisonsDrain openers and toilet bowl cleaners (chemical burns)Nail glue removers (cyanide poisoning) Windshield washer solution
(blindness and death)Carbon monoxide (death)Slide31
Latest TrendsLaundry packetsLiquid nicotineButton batteriesSlide32
Medications to Avoid Aspirin: NOT FOR CHILDREN Cough and cold medications
Side effectsDon’t work in young childrenHoney (younger than age 1)Teething medicationsHomeopathic or herbalRisk: Combination medicationSlide33
Labels
Child’s nameOriginal labelPharmacy nameDose and instructionsOver-the-counter medicationsOriginal containersAdd child’s nameSlide34
Child-Resistant Packaging Slide35
Child Safety CapsPrevent/delay access: Layer of protection Re-secure after useCaps are NOT childproof
They are child resistantSlide36
Flow RestrictorsUsed with child safety capsLayer of protectionAdded to necks of liquid medication
Limits liquid escapeSlide37
storageSlide38
Medication: Where Children Find ItSlide39
Storage: Up and Away
In original containerIn designated areaOut of reach or locked/secure (except emergency medications)Home: Empty medicine cabinetsNO cubby or diaper bagRisk: Staff and guest medicationsPurses and diaper bagsVisit http://upandaway.org for more informationSlide40
Disposal
Preferred: Return to parentDocument Do not dispose in sink or toiletLocal pharmacyCommunity medication disposalTrash disposal (if necessary)Slide41
Policy and ProcedureSlide42
American Academy of Pediatrics
ALL early care and education settings should have emergency protocols in place in the event of medication poisoning.Slide43
Policy and Procedure
Permission and documentation (log)Giving medications Medication error or incidentDisposalMedication policy given to ALL parentsSlide44
Medication Administration TrainingThe Medication Administration in Early Education and Child Care Settings is available from the Healthy Futures Website as a free online course!
www.healthychildcare.org/HealthyFutures.htmlSlide45
supervisionSlide46
Adult Supervision = #1 Prevention
ALL medication poisonings are PREVENTABLEPoisonings can occur in all settingsHomeFamily child care settingsEarly care and education centersSlide47
SupervisionMost poisonings occur when children are unsupervisedNever turn back to child taking medicationSlide48
Teaching kidsSlide49
Teaching KidsAn adult always gives medicine Medicine is not candy Child-free zone
Cabinets: Medicine, cleaning cabinet, kitchen, and bathroomGarage Don’t share medicineDon’t know what it is?Don’t smell, taste, or touchSlide50
Role PlayFor preschool-age children Role playWhat to do when you find a pill or medicine on the floor Slide51
Suspected or Confirmed PoisoningSlide52
Poison Control Center
1-800-222-1222 SAVE ON YOUR PHONEFree Confidential24/7Multilingual ExpertsSlide53
Poison Control CenterCall: Any potential poisoningFollow and document advice Be prepared to give information
Age and gender - SubstanceEstimated amount - Child’s conditionTime since ingestion or exposureSlide54
What If?Swallowed Call
Poison Control Center FIRSTDo not try home remedies NEVER try to make someone throw upEyes Rinse eyes with running water + callSlide55
What If?Skin Remove any clothing that poison touched + rinse skin with running water + call
InhaledProvide fresh air right away + callSlide56
Don’t Forget the Invisible PoisonCarbon monoxide – invisible, tasteless, odorless gasFaulty furnace or heaterHeadache, nausea, and drowsiness
Check detectors monthly, batteries yearlyAlarm - go outside and call 911Slide57
SummaryCurious children = Risk for poisoningNever call medicine “candy” Keep medicines in original containers
Keep medicines locked up Always read labelTeach children to ask an adult before tasting anything 1-800-222-1222: Save this number! Slide58
Resources
Safe Kids Worldwide: http://www.safekids.org Up and Away and Out of Sight: http://www.upandaway.org National Capital Poison Center: http://www.poison.orgQuills Up, Stay Away!http://www.poison.org/spike Online AAP Course—Medication Administration in Early Education and Child Care: http://www.healthychildcare.org Slide59
AcknowledgementsThis curriculum has been developed by the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP). The authors and contributors are expert authorities in the field of pediatrics. The recommendations in this curriculum do not indicate an exclusive course of treatment or serve as a standard of medical care. Variations, taking into account individual circumstances, may be appropriate.
Listing of resources does not imply an endorsement by the AAP. The AAP is not responsible for the content of resources mentioned in this curriculum. Web site addresses are as current as possible, but may change at any time. Support for the Heathy Futures curricula has been provided through funding from Johnson & Johnson Consumer Inc.Slide60
AcknowledgementsProject Advisor
Andrew N. Hashikawa, MD, MS, FAAP AAP Early Childhood Champion (Michigan) University of Michigan Injury Center (Assistant Professor) Curriculum Content ConsultantAmy Teddy – Child Safety & Injury Prevention Expert (University of Michigan)Steering CommitteeDanette Glassy, MD, FAAP AAP Council on Early Childhood MemberNancy Topping-Tailby, MSW, LICSW National Center on Early Childhood Health & WellnessSusan Pollack, MD, FAAP
AAP Committee, Section, Council Reviewers
Council on Early Childhood
Council on Injury, Violence, and Poison Prevention
Disaster Preparedness Advisory Council
University of Michigan Contributor/Reviewer
Ashley
DeHudy
, MD, MPHSlide61
Copyright InformationCopyright©2016 American Academy of Pediatrics. All rights reserved. Specific permission is granted to duplicate this curriculum for distribution to child care providers for educational, noncommercial purposes.