Introduction to Safety and Injury Prevention in Early Care and Education Settings Keeping Children Safe From Injuries in Early Care and Education Settings Welcome Date Location PRESENTER INFORMATION HERE ID: 673063
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Keeping Children Safe in Early Care and Education Settings
Introduction to Safety and Injury Prevention in Early Care and Education Settings Slide2
Keeping Children Safe From Injuriesin Early Care and Education Settings
WelcomeDateLocationPRESENTER INFORMATION HERESlide3
Learning ObjectivesState most common injuries in early care and education
Recognize safety hazardsPrevent most common injuriesKnow requirements for injury reportingPartner effectively with communitySlide4
“If a disease were killing our children in the proportions that injuries are, people would be outraged and demand that this killer be stopped.”C. Everett Koop, MD
Former US Surgeon GeneralSlide5
Injury Deaths Compared With Other Leading Causes of Death for People Ages 1 – 44, United States, 2013
http://www.cdc.gov/injury/overview/leading_cod.htmlSlide6
InjurySlide7
Injuries Among Children
Leading cause of death and disability10% of injuries in preschoolers happen in an early care and education settingsNot accidentsPreventable and predictableSlide8
Safe Kids USASlide9
The Early Care and Education Provider
Relationship with family and childModel safety for children and familiesSlide10
Caring For Our Children Standards
Caring for Our Children: National Health and Safety Performance Standards—Guidelines for Early Care and Education Programs3rd editionAvailable at http://cfoc.nrckids.org (free download and purchase options)Slide11
InjuriesPediatric first aid kit Pediatric CPR and first aid training
Communication device for emergencies (911)Document and notify parents and state licensing agencyReport serious injuries to appropriate authoritiesSlide12
CASE PRESENTATIONSlide13
Case Presentation: Bobby3-year-old boy on playground
Phone ringsYou turn away and answer itBobby starts cryingHe fell off slide onto pavementSlide14
Case Presentation: BobbyWhat do you do next?
What could have prevented this?How should you document and report any injuries?Slide15
Case Presentation: BobbyWhat do you do next?
Make sure child is alertCheck for injuriesGive first aid, if neededSlide16
Case Presentation: BobbyPreventing future incidents and injuries
Ensure adequate supervisionLimit distractions (eg, cell phones)Never leave children unattendedMake sure shock-absorbing surface is under equipment Slide17
Case Presentation: BobbyReporting and Documentation
Use a standard reporting form and provide detailsCall parentsDiscuss how to prevent this from happening againSlide18
Pre QuizWhat is the most common injury among children age 0-5?
Broken bonesFallsChokingburnsSlide19
Pre QuizWhat is the most common preventable cause of death for children ages 1-4?
BurnsChokingDrowningBicycle accidentsGetting hit by a carSlide20
Pre QuizIs there a requirement to report injuries?
YesNoSlide21
Pre QuizWhere do the majority of infant drowning deaths occur?
PoolsPonds/LakesFalling off a boatBathtubs/BucketsSlide22
Pre QuizWhat object is associated with the highest rate of death from choking?
GrapesHotdogsLatex BalloonsMarblesCoinsSlide23
Preventable Injury Preventable Injuries are:Unintentional (not on purpose)
Not accidentsMore common among childrenSlide24
Preventable Injury These injuries can be prevented by:Creating/maintaining safe areas
Providing adult supervision at all timesKeeping maximum child:staff ratioSlide25
Types of Preventable Injuries Falls from playground equipmentIngestions/Poisonings
DrowningsBurnsMotor vehicle accidentsSuffocationInjuries from wheeled toysSlide26
Causes of Nonfatal Injuries in Young Children Most common nonfatal injuries seen in the ER in young children
Falls50% of injuries in children <1 yearStruck by or against an objectAnimal bites/insect stingsSlide27
Causes of Fatal Injuries in Children Main cause of death for children
Ages 1-4: DrowningUnder age 1: Suffocation (while sleeping) or strangulation Boys vs. GirlsBoys are twice as likely to have an injury-related death than girlsSlide28
RECOGNIZING and preventing SAFETY HAZARDSSlide29
Safety/Injury Hazards General Physical EnvironmentElevated surfaces (steps, stairs, stage)
Strangulation (straps, strings)Furniture (can tip over)Sharp corners or pointsElectrical outletsProtruding nails/bolts/other small objectsUnsafe sleeping environmentsSlide30
Safety/Injury Hazards Prevention of these hazards
Put gates at stairwaysRemove straps/stringsSecure furnitureCover sharp cornersInstall tamper-resistant electrical outlets/outlet coversSlide31
Choking Choking rates highest among infants140 per 100,000
Risk decreases with age90% of choking in children under 4 years of ageObjects less than 1.5 inches in diameter have higher choking riskSlide32
Common Choking HazardsLatex BalloonsLeading cause of choking death
Round or Cylinder shapesHigh Risk FoodsHot dogs, hard candy, peanuts, seeds, whole grapes, popcorn, marshmallows, gumSlide33
Choking SignsInhaled objects or foodCoughing
DroolingTrouble breathing/noisy breathingTurning blueIngested objects or foodDroolingVomitingAbdominal pain/refusal to eatSlide34
Choking PreventionCut food in small pieces¼ inch or smaller (infants)
½ inch or smaller (toddlers)Avoid high risk foods (children under 5)Children should be seated while eating (no playing/running)Supervise children Check toys for small, loose piecesKeep magnets/batteries away from childrenSlide35
Most Common Fall/Crush HazardsTelevisionsBookcasesFurniture and dressers
Stairs with poorly installed gatesUnlocked windowsHeavy objects on shelvesSlide36
Fall/Crush Hazard - Televisions
Every 3 weeks, a child dies from a television tipping overOver past 10 years, a child visited the ER every 45 minutes for injury related to a TV tipping over36-inch TV falling 3 feet = 1-year-old falling 10 storiesSlide37
Injuries from Falls/CrushesBroken bones
Skull/brain injuries (can be life threatening)ConcussionsSlide38
Preventing Fall/Crush HazardsSecure televisions (to wall or on stable table) Secure heavy furniture (bookshelves) with brackets, braces, or wall straps
Keep heavier items on lower shelvesDon’t place items high – children will want to climb for them (eg, toys)Slide39
Preventing Fall/Crush HazardsKeep windows lockedUse approved safety gates (top and bottom of stairs)
Strap babies and young children in high chairs, strollers, and swingsNever leave children unattendedAdult supervision Slide40
Water SafetyBathtubs or Large BucketsMajority of infant drowning deaths
Swimming Pools Most common place for drownings of 1-4 year oldsSlide41
Drowning PreventionALWAYS supervise children Make sure pools are fenced in with gates/latches
Avoid distractions (eg, reading, talking)Be aware of hazards (even in shallow water)Close bathroom doors and toilet lids Never leave a child alone in a bathtubSlide42
INJURY TRAINING FOR EARLY CARE AND EDUCATION PROVIDERSSlide43
Training Requirements for Providers Early Care and Education Providers must have pediatric first aid and CPR trainingValid certificate is requiredSlide44
Training Requirements for Providers Early Care and Education Providers must:Have pre-service training in health management
recognize signs of illnessKnow about infectious disease preventionKnow about safety/injury hazardsHave knowledge about safe sleep practices (infants)Reducing SIDS riskPreventing shaken baby syndromeSlide45
REPORTING INJURIESSlide46
Legal Reporting/Documentation RequirementsNotify parent/guardian immediately if:
Injury or illness required first aid or medical attentionChild is lost or missing, fire, or closure of the centerDocument notification of parent/guardian and law enforcementKnow and follow state notification regulationsSlide47
Documentation RequirementsAn incident report form should be completed (Appendices CC and DD in Caring for Our Children)Injuries that need to be reported include:
Child maltreatmentBites FallsIngestionsSlide48
Documentation RequirementsComplete 3 copies of injury report formParent/Guardian
Child’s folder at the CenterInjury log bookKeep based on state regulationsSend copy to state licensing agency if medical attention requiredSlide49
Corrective ActionThe center should take action based on logs
Adjusting schedulesRemoving or limiting use of equipmentRelocating equipment or furnishingsIncreasing supervisionReview forms regularly for injury trends/patternsSlide50
Partnering with the CommunityCommunity Resources for child safety information
Safe Kids Worldwide (www.safekids.org)National/Local organizationsOffers classes and eventsHealthy Children (www.healthychildren.org)Educational articles and videosSupported by the AAPSlide51
Post QuizWhat is the most common injury among children age 0-5?
Broken bonesFallsChokingburnsSlide52
Post QuizWhat is the most common injury among children age 0-5?
Broken bonesFallsChokingburnsSlide53
Post QuizWhat is the most common preventable cause of death for children ages 1-4?
BurnsChokingDrowningBicycle accidentsGetting hit by a carSlide54
Post QuizWhat is the most common preventable cause of death for children ages 1-4?
BurnsChokingDrowningBicycle accidentsGetting hit by a carSlide55
Post QuizIs there a requirement to report injuries?
YesNoSlide56
Post QuizIs there a requirement to report injuries?
YesNoSlide57
Post QuizWhere do the majority of infant drowning deaths occur?
PoolsPonds/LakesFalling off a boatBathtubs/BucketsSlide58
Post QuizWhere do the majority of infant drowning deaths occur?
PoolsPonds/LakesFalling off a boatBathtubs/BucketsSlide59
Post QuizWhat object is associated with the highest rate of death from choking?
GrapesHotdogsLatex BalloonsMarblesCoinsSlide60
Post QuizWhat object is associated with the highest rate of death from choking?
GrapesHotdogsLatex BalloonsMarblesCoinsSlide61
SAFETY AND INJURY PREVENTION TOPIC HIGHLIGHTSSlide62
Insert slides from the other 5 modules hereMedication Safety and Poison Prevention
Playground SafetyHelmet SafetyTransportation SafetyBurn/Fire PreventionSlide63
ResourcesSafe Kids Worldwide – www.safekids.org
Healthy Children – www.healthychildren.orgCenters for Disease Control and Preventionwww.cdc.gov/safechild Slide64
AcknowledgmentsThis curriculum has been developed by the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP). The authors and contributors are expert authorities in the field of pediatrics.
The recommendations in this curriculum do not indicate an exclusive course of treatment or serve as a standard of medical care. Variations, taking into account individual circumstances, may be appropriate. Listing of resources does not imply an endorsement by the AAP. The AAP is not responsible for the content of resources mentioned in this curriculum. Website addresses are as current as possible but may change at any time. Support for the Heathy Futures curricula has been provided through funding from Johnson & Johnson Consumer Inc.Slide65
AcknowledgmentsProject Advisor
Andrew N. Hashikawa, MD, MS, FAAP –AAP Early Childhood Champion (Michigan)University of Michigan Injury Center (Assistant Professor) Curriculum Content ConsultantAmy Teddy – Child Safety & Injury Prevention Expert (University of Michigan)Steering CommitteeDanette Glassy, MD, FAAP AAP Council on Early Childhood MemberNancy Topping-Tailby, MSW, LICSW National Center on Early Childhood Health & WellnessSusan Pollack, MD, FAAP
AAP Committee, Section, Council Reviewers
Council on Early Childhood
Council on Injury, Violence, and Poison Prevention
Disaster Preparedness Advisory CouncilSlide66
Copyright InformationCopyright©2016 American Academy of Pediatrics. All rights reserved. Specific permission is granted to duplicate this curriculum for distribution to child care providers for educational, noncommercial purposes.