Overview of Protection in Early Childhood Indicators - PowerPoint Presentation

Slide1

Overview of Protection in Early Childhood Indicators

Presentation to Thai

Government

, UNICEF and NGO

colleagues

Bangkok

February 17

th

, 2014

Dr. Philip Cook

Executive Director of International Institute for Child Rights and Development, Royal Roads University, CanadaSlide2

Child Protection in the early years: Covering a broad spectrum of childhood risks

Defining CP

UNICEF uses the term ‘child protection’ to refer to preventing and responding to violence, exploitation and abuse against children – including commercial sexual exploitation, trafficking, child labor and harmful traditional practices, such as female genital mutilation/cutting and child

marriage

(ref 2 optional protocols)Trend in CP Emphasis on Systems Strengthening as opposed to issues (e.g. street children), move to link CP to broader well-being of children

Challenges

Although many countries now have CP laws, CP remains a relatively young field in many countries with weak systems and poor measurement capabilitiesSlide3

Overview of Child Protection Indicators

CP Indicators i

nclude government incidence data, UNICEF MICS, TransMonee (SI

), DEVInfo, CDC, WHO, ISPCAN at both regional (e.g. IAHRC, ACPF, ASEAN) national and local level

Challenge of

under recognition and under reporting of child protection abuses especially with most vulnerable populations (e.g. Indigenous peoples, migrants)

General comment 13 (with GC7)

provides a case study and opportunity to create rights framework for CP indicators and greater harmonization of indicators from international to national to local

.

.”There are important opportunities because communities want to end the violence and local authorities are developing indicators and actions that could translate into new possibilities.”

CINDE, ColombiaSlide4

General Comment 13 Indicators (examples)

Structure

1. Comprehensive legislation and policy strategy addressing child protection and defining violence

2

. Legislation and policy linking well being to violence

prevention and promotion of support for child victims of violence

Process

1. Comprehensive spectrum approach to protection from prevention to crisis management

2. Disaggregated data system

3. Awareness raising campaigns

4. Violence prevention programs systemically connected with lifespan and ecological approachSlide5

General Comment 13 Indicators (Cont’d)

Outcomes

1.

Direct and proxy measures of

incidence

of

violence, neglect, exploitation

2. Active application

of government and vulnerable communities in generating

indicators for use in local planning, budgeting, monitoring and evaluation3. Quality of interventionsSlide6

ColombiaSlide7

Reinforce the CRC,

Codigo Sobre la

Infancia y Adolescencia andthe National Agenda for early childhood through the De Cero a Siempre (from Zero to Always)

Presidential intersectoral policy on early childhoodSlide8

Harmonization of Indicators:

Vulnerable Communities to national and international levels Slide9

Co-create and pilot an international good practice model:Slide10

ECD/Protection Indicators for Stages of Development

Informed by an Integral approach

“It

is the set of

actions planned at the national

and

regional level,

to promote and ensure the

development of each girl and boy from conception to age six.

Through a unified and intersectoral

approach, from a rights and a differential approach, articulates and promotes the development of plans, programs, projects and actions for comprehensive care must ensure that every girl and every boy,

according to their age, context and condition

.”Slide11

ECD/Protection Indicators for Stages of Development

In which rights are progressively realized through each child’s right to:

Have a parent or primary caregiver who accepts and puts into

practice parenting guidelines that favour development

Live and enjoy the highest attainable standard of health.Guarantee and maintain adequate nutritional status.Grow in an environment that favours development.

Build identity in a context of diversity.

Express feelings, ideas and opinions in everyday environments and have these views taken into account.Grow in environments that promote rights and in which actions are taken before exposure to risk or violation of rights.

 Slide12

ECD/Protection Indicators for 5 Stages of Development and 4 settings

Stages

Preconception

Pregnancy

Birth to first month

Two months to three years

Three years to six years

Settings

Home

Education

Health

Public spacesSlide13

ECD/Protection GC 7/13 Indicators for Stages of Development

Direct Outcome Measure

Immediate impact on individual child (e.g. report of violence from child protection professional)

Proxy Measure

Not immediate impact but next nearest level of measurement (e.g. hospital admission rate, report of accident , child removal from home)

Change in Risk or Protective Factors

Useful information to correlate with direct outcome and proxy measures (e.g. reduction in parental stress, change in attitudes towards use of corporal punishment)Slide14

ECD/Protection Indicators for Birth to First Month

Direct Outcome Measures

Maternal mortality, maternal mental disorder, violence against new born (e.g. shaken baby syndrome, victim of community violence), lack of maternal attachment, low birth weight, disability, abandoned child, separation from mother due to armed conflict or forced displacement, lack of identification

Proxy Measures

Hospital admission rates for violence against infants, lack of birth registration, record of displaced or separated infants, infant removed from home due to abuse of neglectSlide15

ECD/Protection Indicators for Birth to First Month

Change in Risk Factor/increase in protective factors

Parental

knowledge, values and behaviors of positive parenting, participation in safe motherhood programing, community mobilization for birth registration, family reintegration programsSlide16

ECD/Protection Indicators for Birth to First Month

Protection indicators

Secure

attachments and parental empathyMaternal agency and empowermentStrength of mothers extended family and local social networks

Quality relationship between these informal social networks and government women, family and infant services

Breast feedingSafe, uncrowded housingHome visit and support

Positive parenting values

Positive child rearing attitudes, beliefs and behaviors of local caregivers Slide17

ECD/Protection Indicators for

three Years to Six Years

Direct Outcome Measures Violence against child, children witness violence, lack of parental attachment, disability, neglect, abandoned child, separation from parents due to armed conflict or displacement, sexual abuse, harmful child labor, social isolation

Proxy Measures

Hospital admission rates for physical or sexual abuse , child removal for physical or sexual abuse or neglect, incidence of harmful child labor, incidence of young children affected by social isolation, displacement or conflictSlide18

ECD/Protection Indicators for

three Years to Six Years

Change in Risk Factor/increase in protective factors Access to quality, culturally appropriate, affordable early childhood programming,

p

arental

and community knowledge, values and behaviors of positive parenting, community mobilization for child protection, family reintegration programs, strengthened community-government protection prevention, surveillance, referral and rehabilitation, services for children with a disability targeting vulnerable

populations, community programs to eliminate harmful child labor in early childhood, specialized programs for displaced, socially isolated or conflict affected communitiesSlide19

ECD/Protection Indicators for

three Years to Six Years

Protection indicators

Children’s healthy cognitive, social, physical, emotional developmentMaternal agency

Safe, uncrowded housing

Child friendly spaces in the local neighbourhoodStrength of extended family and local social networksQuality relationship between these informal social networks and government women, family and infant services

Child development and rights awareness of caregivers

Awareness of positive child development and children’s rights amongst secondary caregivers (e.g. older siblings, youth, relatives, neighbour etc)Slide20

ECD/Protection Indicators for Home Settings

Risk Factors

Single parent, non-biological male partner living in home, crowded living conditions, high levels of domestic violence, social isolation, extreme poverty, unhealthy parenting behaviors and intergenerational relationships, lack of food security

P

rotective factors

Home visiting program, caring extended family, knowledge of positive parenting, strong social attachments, healthy intergenerational relationships, access to family focused restorative practice (e.g. family group decision making), access to other government household services mitigating risks (e.g. home based cash transfers)Slide21

ECD/Protection Indicators for

Public Settings

Risk Factors

High levels of violence to children, sexual exploitation and abusive labor practices of boys and girls, social isolation and inequity of vulnerable populations, lack of local public policy (including planning, budgeting, monitoring and evaluation structures) on ECD/protection and children’s rights

P

rotective factors

Quality public policy on ECD/protection and

child rights (including

planning, budgeting,

monitoring and evaluation structures), culturally appropriate public policy, strategy for child friendly communities, design of child and family friendly built environment,

community engagement (especially vulnerable populations) in this process, youth engagement in ECD/protection policy and programsSlide22

National and Municipal Focus

National level

Integrate protection indicators into intersectoral into De Cero A Siempre indicator clusters

Municipal level

Work with local government and vulnerable communities to strengthen existing CP reporting processes and where needed develop new indicators in partnership with community members (use methods such as outcome mapping and other participatory indicator process such as those developed with the Thai Government DLA and UNICEF Thailand)Slide23

“If our parents had these opportunities – the knowledge, information and indicator tools that we are living today –they would not have made the same mistakes, such as the mistreatment of their children"

– Community Promotoras,

Comuna 13 Medellin, Colombia Slide24

Thank You

More information:

International Institute for Child Rights and Development (IICRD)

University of Victoria

Victoria BC V8W 2Y2

Tel: (250) 472-4762

Fax:(250) 853-3215

Email: pcook@uvic.ca