W Want to learn about rocks L Learned about rocks Rocks are composed of 1 or more minerals There are 3 types of rocks igneous sedimentary and metamorphic Rock cycle describes how the elements that make up rocks are redistributed transforming one rock into another ID: 634925
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Slide1
RocksSlide2
Bellringer
K= know about rocks already
W= Want to learn about rocks
L= Learned about rocksSlide3
Rocks are composed of 1 or more minerals
There are 3 types of rocks: igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic
Rock cycle describes how the elements that make up rocks are redistributed transforming one rock into anotherSlide4
4 parts of Earth
Inner core: mass of iron 7000 degrees Fahrenheit. Immense pressure keeps iron solid
Outer core: mass of molten iron. Electric currents produce Earth’s magnetic field
Mantle: slow moving molten rock or lava
Crust: sand and rockSlide5
Composition of Magma
Mix of molten rock, gases, and mineral crystals
Elements: O, Si, Al, Fe, Mg, Ca, K, Na
Compound most abundant: Silica
Silica content affects melting temperature and impacts how quickly magma flowsSlide6
Independent Work
Make a Venn Diagram comparing and contrasting minerals and rocks
Composition
Formation
Group
Elements PresentSlide7
Bellringer
Make a list of how you think rocks are used in everyday lifeSlide8
Magma Formation
Factors: temperature, pressure, water content, and mineral composition.
Temperature increases with depth in Earth’s crust
Pressure increases with depth. Due to weight of overlying rock
Small percentages of water are in rocks and minerals. Water content increases, melting point decrease.
Different minerals have different melting points. Slide9
Igneous Rock
Forms from crystallization of magma (molten rock below Earth’s surface)
2 types of igneous rocks
Extrusive: fine grained, cools quickly on Earth’s surface. Example: Rhyolite
Intrusive: coarse grained, cools slowly beneath Earth’s surface. Example: GraniteSlide10
Igneous Rock as a Resource
Useful as building materials
Interlocking grain= strength
Minerals in igneous rocks are resistant to weathering
Example: Granite
Ore depositsSlide11
Independent Work
1. What are the 2 different types of igneous rocks and describe how each forms?
2. What are the factors that affect the formation of magma?
3. Why do you think magma is usually a slushy mixture of crystals and rock.
4. Make a Frayer model: 1. 4 parts of the Earth. 2. How is magma formed. 3. Describe igneous rocks. 4. How can igneous rocks be used. Slide12
Bellringer
Make a list of things you know about fossilsSlide13
Sedimentary Rocks
Igneous rocks are the most common on Earth’s crust
Do not see igneous rocks on the ground
Earth’s surface is covered in sediments
Sediments= pieces of solid material that have been deposited on Earth’s surface by wind, water, ice, gravity, or chemical precipitation
Sediments cement together to form sedimentary rocks.
Formation begins with weathering and erosion. Slide14
Types of Sedimentary Rocks
Clastic
: Most common: Loose sediment: Varying sizes. Sandstone, shale
Chemical: Formed from evaporation. Limestone, Rock salt
Organic: Remains of once living things: Limestone, coalSlide15
Bellringer
Referring to last week’s KWL, make a list of things you have learned about rocks so far under “L”Slide16
Importance of Sedimentary Rocks
Form fossils: provide information about past animals and plants
Understand geologic change over time: flow of rivers, wave/wind directions, shorelines
Sources of oil, natural gas, and coal
Uranium mined from sandstone: nuclear power
Limestone: cement for constructionSlide17
Weathering
Weathering= physical and chemical processes that break rock into smaller pieces
Chemical weathering=rocks are dissolved or chemically changed
Physical weathering= minerals remain chemically unchanged. Rock fragments break off along fractures.Slide18
Illustrate the Rock Cycle
Terms to be used: igneous, metamorphic, sedimentary, magma, sediment, melting, heat, pressure, weathering, erosion, deposition, cementation, burial
Do not simply use the terms, you need a picture to show the process. You can refer to your rock cycle worksheet.
Slide19
Erosion and Transport
After rock fragments have been weathered, they are transported to a new location
Erosion- movement of surface materials from 1 location to another.
Agents of erosion= wind, moving water, gravity, and glaciers
Examples: muddy water, dust, fine sandSlide20
Deposition
Deposition= sediments are laid down on the ground or sink to bottom of bodies of water.
Sediment deposited when transport stops.
Fast-moving water can transport large particles.
As water slows, largest particles settle, then next-largest. Settles in layers
Wind moves small grains: Ex: sand dunes
Glaciers move all sizes easily: large boulders, sand, mudSlide21
Metamorphic Rock
Heat and pressure form metamorphic rocks
Heat: derived from Earth’s internal heat
Pressure: derived from vertical pressure by weight of overlying rocks or compressive forcesSlide22
Independent Work
Make a concept Map with Rocks in the middle.
From there, you need 3 legs for each of the types of rocks
Make bubbles for how formed, how used, examples, types.
Describe each further